Preparatory Activities for 1995 World Summit on Social Development

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Education As an Instrument for an Active Social Policy： Assumptions, Performance, and Prospects

The crisis of the welfare state caused the change of the approach to the policy of social protection and the tools of its realization in countries of EU. The present trend consists in the transfer of the responsibility for the welfare of the society from the state to local autonomies, businessmen, and, first of all, people themselves. A basic assignment of the present social policy is building active attitudes of persons and families being found in a difficult situation. Help in this has to be： the realization of the watchword work instead of benefit and the broadly understood education as the protection （guarantee） against life risks. Therefore, the author undertook synthesis of the current sociological knowledge on the change of an approach to social policy objectives formulation. Using qualitative methods, she analyzed the content of literature comprising （showing） discourses on the opportunities and constraints associated with the modernization of the existing social policy and selected EU documents.

Socioeconomic performance of in-between open spaces in a post-socialist city of Tirana,Albania

The urban development of Tirana during the last few years is characterized by significant expansion,population growth and intensive residential construction.The post-socialist city became much denser,more diverse in terms of building types,taller,and relatively lacking in public space.This study is focused on the evaluation of in-between open public spaces,which are specific for different urban settings.The spatial configuration of in-between spaces is analyzed in relation to the level of social interaction and the presence of economic activities.Six neighborhoods,which belong to socialist and post-socialist tower,slab,and courtyard building typologies,are selected as case studies.Research methodology includes Space Syntax analysis,site surveys,and observations aiming to comprehend the socioeconomic performance and spatial organization of the neighborhoods.The overlap of the activity pattern,human behavior mapping,syntactic measurements,and site survey allows understanding the performance of different types of open spaces and to find the in-between space that facilitates the development of social and economic activities.

The Impact of English Immersion on Children

This article does some researches on the impact of English Immersion on children. Through the practice and observation of children in the immersion program, we find that English Immersion has the following impacts on children： 1） The English language learning is immersed into the process of thematic activities, Children in the Immersion learn English naturally, joyfully and systematically. They tend to cooperate well. 2） The language immersion is an integrated model in which children feel no cultural barriers. 3） English learning enhances the learning of Pingying, and vice versa. 4） There is little gap between genders. 5） Social and economic difference does not influence their learning. 6） English rhyming, chanting and songs arouse great interest in them. 7） Drama makes children very confident in their performance. They learn to think and settle problems through the performance. English immersion gives children cognitive development and enforces the language they are learning.

Influence of Fuzheng Huayu Tablet(扶正化瘀片) on Mental State and Social Function of Patients with Post-Hepatitis B Liver Cirrhosis

Objective： To observe the influence of Fuzheng Huayu Tablet （扶正化瘀片, FZHYT） on mental state and social activity of patients with post-hepatitis B liver cirrhosis （LC-HB）. Methods： Adopting grouped randomized double-blinded control method, 180 LC-HB patients in 3 research centers were distributed to 2 groups, the treated group and the control group, 90 in each group. Patients in the treated group were administered with FZHYT; while those in the control group treated with conventional therapy combined with placebo, the course for all patients were 6 months. Their mental state and social activity were evaluated before treatment, after 3 months＇ treatment and at terminal of the 6-month therapeutic course by estimating with Zung self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） and social deficit screening scale （SDSS）. Additionally, the basic demographic materials, liver function, cirrhosis index, hepatic and splenic images, blood coagulation function, etc. in the patients were tested and compared as well. Results： As compared with before treatment, the normal rate of SAS and SDS scores increased and the social deficit rate decreased in the treated group significantly after treatment, showing statistical significance （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; while in the control group, change was only shown in the social deficit （P〈0.01）, inter-group comparisons after treatment showed significant differences in all the three indexes （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Additionally, after treatment, levels of liver function, cirrhosis, blood coagulation function and splenomegaly in the treated group were all improved significantly （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and the improvements were better than those in the control group （P〈0.01） in levels of total bilirubin （TBIL）, albumin （ALB）, type 1V collagen （1V-C）, prothrombin time （PT）, prothrombin activity （PTA）. Conclusion： Most patients of LC-HB have mental disturbance and social activity deficit, which could definitely be improved by intervention with Chinese FZHYT.

Visualization and correction of social abnormalities-associated neural ensembles in adult MECP2 duplication mice

Duplications of MECP2-containing genomic segments led to severe autistic symptoms in male. Transgenic mice overexpressing the human MECP2 gene exhibit autistic-like behaviors. Neural circuits underlying social defects in MECP2 transgenic(MECP2-TG) mice remain unknown. To observe neural activity of MECP2-TG mice in vivo, we performed calcium imaging by implantation of microendoscope in the hippocampal CA1 regions of MECP2-TG and wild type(WT) mice. We identified neurons whose activities were tightly associated with social interaction, which activity patterns were compromised in MECP2-TG mice. Strikingly, we rescued the social-related neural activity in CA1 and social defects in MECP2-TG mice by deleting the human MECP2 transgene using the CRISPR/Cas9 method during adulthood.Our data points to the neural circuitry responsible for social interactions and provides potential therapeutic targets for autism in adulthood.

Should Government Dictate Students’ Social Practice Activities?

Recently,Chongqing in southwest China announced its education authorities would organize social practice activities for local college students.

Does informal care impact the use of healthcare services in China?Evidence from the perspective of drug utilization

Based on the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),we investigated the effect of informal care on caregivers’utilization of medical drugs using the instrumental variable method with fixed effects.Our results indicate that caregivers are more likely to take medical drugs than non-caregivers.Additionally,caregivers tend to take a significantly higher number of drugs than non-caregivers,particularly those treating physical diseases.Moreover,the effect of informal care on the drug utilization is found more significant among those aged 45-54,male caregivers,and those who provide care for their parents-in-law compared to their respective counterparts.We further identified channels through which informal care contributes to caregivers’higher drug utilization.These channels include an increased risk of developing chronic diseases,a higher number of chronic diseases,lower their self-reported health,and reduced social activities.These results offer implications for policymakers in overcoming the challenges of establishing and developing a supportive system for informal care in China.

Joint model of user check-in activities for point-of-interest recommendation

With the rapid development of location-based networks, point-of-interest（POI） recommendation has become an important means to help people discover interesting and attractive locations, especially when users travel out of town. However, because users only check-in interaction is highly sparse, which creates a big challenge for POI recommendation. To tackle this challenge, we propose a joint probabilistic generative model called geographical temporal social content popularity（GTSCP） to imitate user check-in activities in a process of decision making, which effectively integrates the geographical influence, temporal effect, social correlation, content information and popularity impact factors to overcome the data sparsity, especially for out-of-town users. Our proposed the GTSCP supports two recommendation scenarios in a joint model, i.e., home-town recommendation and out-of-town recommendation. Experimental results show that GTSCP achieves significantly superior recommendation quality compared to other state-of-the-art POI recommendation techniques.