Study on economic and social benefits of the FRP ocean fishing vessels

Ocean fishing is one of the most important parts of the fishery economy in China. After more than 20 years of development, China has developed into one of the major ocean fishing countries in the world. However, due to the influence of natural laws at home and abroad, China＇s deep-sea fisheries have been faced with difficulties such as rising costs, increasing competition pressure on fishery resources and backward fishery equipment. In recent years, the development of ocean fishing has faced many difficulties. Therefore, this paper analyzes the economic and social benefits of the steel ocean fishing vessel and the glass and steel ocean fishing vessel. It has reached the aim of providing theoretical support for the new development direction of ocean fishing in China. Among them, the economic benefits are mainly compared and analyzed from four aspects of the maintenance fee, depreciation, fuel consumption and operational efficiency. Social benefits are mainly embodied in the aspects of energy saving, emission reduction, increasing consumption and reducing consumption, protecting resources and environment, ensuring the safety of fishermen at sea, optimizing the structure of fishery industry, and promoting standardization of fishing vessels. Through the analysis of these two aspects, the advantage and the obvious gain effect of the FRP ocean fishing vessel are fully proved. The FRP ocean fishing vessels can be realized more quickly by the enterprises built and used. Finally, it can promote the development of ocean FRP Ocean fishing vessels in China.

Component Analysis and Calculation for Social Benefits of UHV Assessment

With the rapid development of the UHV power grid, evaluation of the economic and social benefits of the UHV power grid is conducive to guiding the planning and construction of UHV power grid. At present economic benefit evaluation system of the UHV power grid is driving to maturity stage on the whole at home and abroad, but it invariably tends to regard social benefits as part of economic benefits, without evaluating social benefit separately. The social benefit evaluation model of UHV power grid is built in case of sufficient investigation. The differentials between social benefit and social cost are calculated respectively by three kinds of solutions according to the constructed social cost evaluation index system and social benefits evaluation index system, conclusion that UHV power grid transmission has better social benefits can be reached by contrastively analyzing the social three kinds of solutions corresponding to benefits. At last, the evaluation model and method are verified and analyzed through the analysis of engineering projects.

Comprehensive Evaluation on Social Benefit of East Street Reconstruction Project

Through analysis on existing problems and rationality of East Street reconstruction project,its social benefit had been analyzed sysmatically and comprehensively from the aspects of social environment,natural environment and traffic safety environment.Furthermore,evaluation indexes of East Street reconstruction project had been established and weighting of each index had been identified by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model had been founded through fuzzy synthetic evaluation method.Finally,scientific judgment was conducted on social benefit of East Street reconstruction project by applying established evaluation system.It demonstrated that East Street reconstruction project could bring great social benefit,so it should support this project.

Open pit limit optimization considering economic profit,ecological costs and social benefits

Pit limit design has,up to date,focused mainly on maximization of economic profit alone,with environmental and social issues largely ignored.This paper focuses on incorporating both environmental and social issues in the pit limit design process and provides an approach to pit limit optimization that is in compliance with sustainable development.The case study demonstrates that ecological costs have a substantial down-sizing effect and social benefits have a substantial up-sizing effect on the optimal pit limit.When the ecological costs are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 37.5%smaller than the economically optimal pit limit.However,when the social benefits are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 48.3%larger than the economically optimal one.The overall optimal pit limit,with the economic profit,ecological costs and social benefits simultaneously considered,is a result of balancing conflicting goals of maximizing economic profit,minimizing ecological cost,and maximizing social benefit.

Method of Evaluating Social Benefit of Energy-Conservation Based Generation Dispatching in Guangdong Province

Energy-conservation based generation dispatching is the revolutionary change in operation mode which could reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions, promote power industry restructuring, and achieve sustainable development. Social benefit evaluation of the energy-conservation based generation dispatching under the new situation and environment has come into being as an important theoretical issue. A new scenario analysis based social benefit evluating method, which is implemented by comparing the energy., consumption and pollutant emissions of different scenarios defined by the key indicators, i.e., load factor and coal consumption structure, is proposed in the paper. Then the composition of social benefit is analyzed from the point of the dispatching mode and the coal consumption structure. The method proposed is of clear physical meaning. It is not only practical, but also applicable for the implementation of energy-conservation based generation dispatching in diffferent phases and with different goals.

The dilemma for China’s national carbon trading market:minimizing carbon abatement costs or maximizing net social benefits?

After a decade of planning and trials,China officially launched a national carbon trading in July 2021.Using a standard economic model,this study shows that an unconstrained carbon trading market would face a dilemma between minimizing pollution control costs and maximizing social benefits.We further show that this would be a significant challenge in China.Our results show that areas with higher population densities also would have higher costs for carbon reduction,and hence the polluters in those areas would be net buyers in the national market.Moreover,our analysis indicates a significantly high correlation between carbon dioxide emissions and other local pollutants.Therefore,cross-regional transactions may result in more emission of other pollutants in areas with higher population density under the unconstrained national cap-and-trade system and cause larger losses in social benefits.We call for more studies to address the issue.

Comparison of Social Benefits of Forest under Different Management Models: A Case Study of Close-to-Nature Forest Management in Harbin, China

Different forest management modes definitely create different results. A study of social benefits nurtured by scientific forest management had been conducted in 1998-2008 with Danqinghe Experiment Forest Farm, Zhuanshan Experiment Forest Farm and Shanhe Experiment Forest Farmtogether as the project area. The method that was centered on quantification and supplemented byqualification was employed to compare the social benefits of forests separately under the scientificmanagement model and the traditional management model. The study illustrated the huge social benefits produced by scientific forest management with detailed data.

Service Object-based Evaluation Framework of Economic, Social and Ecological Benefits of Urban Green Spaces

Researchers' understandings of economic, ecological and social benefits of urban green spaces were discussed from many perspectives, connotations of such three major benefits were redefined, existing problems in the present evaluation were analyzed. According to service objects of urban green spaces, 6 relationship fields were classified, specifically, global ecology, regional environment, regional health, basic life, spiritual life and material life, a basic framework for evaluating economic, ecological and social benefits of urban green spaces was proposed.

Measuring the Social Net Benefits of COVID-19 Restrictions: The Case of Reduced Vehicle Use in a Pollution-Prone Region of Utah

A number of natural experiments have recently found that COVID-19 restrictions imposed in nations worldwide are correlated with short-term reductions—in some cases dramatic reductions—in mobile-source air pollutants. Noticeably absent from these studies are estimates of the social net benefits associated with the changes in human behavior underlying the pandemic-induced effects. Using readily available data provided by the state of Utah and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Co-Benefits Risk Assessment Health Impacts Screening and Mapping Tool (COBRA), we find that daily social net benefit was positive during a pandemic-induced shutdown from March to April, 2020 in Utah’s Wasatch Front region solely when COBRA’s “high” health benefit estimate from combined reductions in PM2.5 and NOx concentrations are weighed against the region’s “low” vehicle-trip cost estimate. All other scenarios correspond with negative net benefit estimates, i.e., when high and low benefit estimates of reductions solely in PM2.5 concentrations as well as for combined reductions in PM2.5 and NOx concentrations are weighed against the region’s high vehicle-trip cost estimate. Generally speaking, social net benefits are higher for two of the Wasatch Front’s four counties.

CCUS-EOR项目经济系统评价方法及其应用

CCUS-EOR是碳捕集利用与封存体系中专用于强化采油或提高采收率的技术,是社会和企业实现“双碳”目标的重要技术途径。CCUS-EOR项目投资大、风险高,经济效益和社会效益显著,开展科学评价工作尤为重要。结合工作实践,梳理了CCUS-EOR项目经济评价的方法和流程,并对精细分析增量成本、多层次多角度评价项目效益、评价碳减排指标、评估社会效益以及全产业链经济效益评价等关键指标开展了深入的分析和总结,创造性地提出了一些指标和观点,探索形成了聚焦CCUS项目全产业链要素的CCUS-EOR项目经济系统评价方法体系。研究成果为此类项目科学决策提供了技术支持。

患者同伴支持的喜与忧质性研究

运用参与型实地观察、质性访谈法和扎根理论等方法对患者同伴支持进行研究。研究发现,一方面,同伴支持网络作为一种“多赢”的社会支持模式,在许多病种患者群体中取得了积极效果,成为了病友之间的情感寄托,有利于缓和紧张的医患关系,改善病友与社会的联结,提高病患及其照顾家属的身心健康和社会福利水平;另一方面,也出现了某些突破同伴支持边界的行为,给病友造成情感以及财产上的损失,甚至因为援助过度而将自己陷入了非法领域。

具有两类平行顾客的灾难清空排队系统均衡分析

研究了具有两类平行顾客、不完全可靠服务台即带有灾难清空的排队系统中顾客的均衡进队策略.在该排队系统中,两种不同类型的顾客独立到达,且该过程分别形成不同参数的泊松过程.系统是不完全可靠的,系统内所有顾客因灾难发生而被全部清空,且未接受服务被迫退队的顾客可得到一定的补偿.基于顾客的收益-损失函数,在系统信息完全可见和几乎可见两种情形下,分析了两类顾客的均衡阈值策略和系统平均社会收益.最后给出数值案例,得到了系统参数对顾客策略的影响.

癌症复发患者照顾者准备度在社会支持和获益感间的中介效应

目的探讨照顾者准备度在癌症复发患者照顾者社会支持和照顾者获益感间的中介效应。方法采用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表、照顾者准备度量表及疾病获益感量表修订版对郑州大学第二附属医院收治的259例癌症复发患者的照顾者进行调查。结果癌症复发患者照顾者社会支持、照顾者准备度、获益感得分分别为(40.90±5.32)分、(17.81±3.46)分、(69.17±12.56)分。癌症复发患者照顾者的社会支持与照顾者准备度、照顾者获益感呈正相关(r=0.222,P<0.001;r=0.337,P<0.001);照顾者准备度与照顾者获益感呈正相关(r=0.779,P<0.001)。中介效应模型表明,照顾者准备度是癌症复发患者照顾者社会支持和获益感之间的中介变量,中介效应占总效应的43.63%。结论癌症复发患者照顾者社会支持、照顾者准备度可直接预测其获益感,医护人员应重视癌症复发患者的照顾者心理状况。

社会养老保险遗属抚恤法治的反思与重塑

为解决私法制度在面对扶养义务人死亡风险时的失灵问题,现代社会养老保险制度自诞生伊始就涵盖了遗属抚恤。我国劳动保险也早在20世纪50年代就为非因工死亡参保人员遗属设立了抚恤制度。然而,这种劳动保险遗属抚恤制度已难以适应新时代的要求。我们亟须探索建立一套新型社会养老保险遗属抚恤制度,以充分发挥互助共济功能,实现死亡风险的社会化治理。其主要特点包括:制度模式上统一于由社会养老保险基金负责提供资金;遗属范围上与民法扶养义务人的范围保持一致;抚恤金申请上以遗属有抚恤必要为前提;死亡事由上具有无条件性;待遇标准上实现对民法扶养费的替代。

税收优惠与企业社保缴费:固定资产加速折旧政策的证据

企业社保缴费是社会保障体系的重要组成部分,也是共享改革发展成果的关键。本文以2008—2017年A股上市公司为样本,利用固定资产加速折旧政策的外生冲击,采用双重差分方法,检验了税收优惠对企业社保缴费的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策显著促进了试点行业内企业的社保缴费,平均提升了5.20个百分点。机制分析结果表明,固定资产加速折旧政策通过缓解企业融资约束,提高企业盈利能力和社保缴费基数,进而促进了企业社保缴费。异质性分析结果显示,固定资产加速折旧政策对非国有、资本密集度较大、员工权益保护较好以及位于最低工资标准和市场化水平较高地区企业的社保缴费影响更大。此外,固定资产加速折旧政策通过促进社保缴费显著提升了企业全要素生产率,增强了社保缴费对企业全要素生产率的激励效应。本文的研究结论为探索企业社保缴费的治理机制提供了新的视角,为进一步优化和完善税收优惠政策以及保障社保基金的安全和可持续发展提供了决策参考。

基于组合权重的城市轨道交通项目效益评价

利用组合权重对城市轨道交通项目效益评价进行研究,以优化轨道交通建设资源分配,使前期建设规划更具有指导性、可行性。首先,选取轨道交通项目的交通效益、环境效益、社会效益三个方面的节约乘客出行时间、减少交通事故、诱增客流、节约能源、减少环境污染、减少噪声影响、发掘经济潜力、促进国土增值和增加就业机会9个指标,构建轨道交通项目效益评价体系。然后,结合AHP(层次分析法)和CRITIC(客观权重法)各自特点,设计组合权重模型对评价指标进行组合权重计算。最后,研究选取成都轨道交通项目数据进行仿真实验。结果表明,组合权重可以弥补单一评价方法的不足,基于组合权重的评价体系得出的指标权重更具有可靠性,并为轨道交通项目前期规划设计提供一定的参考。

新质生产力推进文化产业双效统一的逻辑机理与路径选择

正确处理文化产业社会效益和经济效益的关系,是文化产业健康发展的关键,对满足人民美好生活需要意义重大。围绕文化产品和文化产业的特殊性,文化产业社会效益和经济效益之间的关系演变历经了源起、规制和激化阶段。通过文化产业动力变革、效率变革和质量变革,新质生产力能够推动文化产业实现社会效益和经济效益的双效统一。基于“动力—效率—质量”视角,新质生产力推进文化产业双效统一的路径包括:以颠覆式创新培育和发展新质生产力、形成与新质生产力相适应的新型生产关系、发展文化领域战略性新兴产业和未来产业。

综合生态与社会效益的辽西北沙化土地生态治理成效评估模型

辽西北是阻止科尔沁沙地侵入华北平原和东北平原的重要生态屏障,开展该区域生态治理成效评估具有重要意义。为了更加全面地评估沙化土地生态治理成效,本文建立了顾及生态效益和社会效益的沙化土地治理成效评估模型。利用多源遥感数据和地面调查统计,基于建立的综合模型评估辽西北十县沙化土地生态治理成效,并依据遥感数据之间的交叉验证和野外调查结果,分析模型关键技术的合理性和可靠性。结果表明:①利用Landsat和Sentinel-2数据,交叉验证模型估算的生态效益单一指标和综合指标,发现相同指标结果之间具有较强的相关性,Pearson系数介于0.61~0.84,p<0.01;②模型估算的FVC与野外调查的植被盖度间也具有较强的一致性,Pearson系数达0.76,p为0.016,表明了模型关键技术的合理性;③利用综合评估模型评估辽西北十县沙化土地生态治理成效时,发现其在时间和空间上变化不稳定。综上,建立的成效评估模型较好地综合了沙化土地治理的生态效益和社会效益,可为其他生态治理成效或生态修复成效评估提供参考,但针对不同区域时模型参数需加以调整。

广藿香种植生态因子分析与生态种植模式研究进展

广藿香是著名的南药,为现代医药和工业的重要原料,市场需求量较大。但因广藿香生长过程中存在严重的连作障碍,导致广藿香病害加重、品质下降。该文概述了适宜广藿香生长的生态因子如气候因子、土壤因子和地形因子,分析了其种植中存在的连作障碍与病害问题,综述了广藿香现有的轮作、间作、套种和林下种植等生态种植模式,并对广藿香生态种植模式的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益进行了综合评价,以期为广藿香生态种植模式的推广提供理论依据和参考。

铁路沿线建设分布式光伏发电系统的可行性研究

碳达峰、碳中和是中国重大战略决策,推进能源革命,加快绿色低碳发展是铁路系统应尽的责任,推动可再生能源在铁路系统的应用,盘活铁路空闲用地资源,对于铁路系统而言具有十分重要的经济效益和社会效益。针对铁路沿线各个区域建设分布式光伏发电系统的可行性进行了分析,研究了铁路沿线分布式光伏发电系统的并网方案,并分析了供电可靠性;最后以山东地区3条铁路沿线建设分布式光伏发电系统为例,对其经济效益和社会效益进行了分析。研究结果表明:1)铁路沿线能够建设分布式光伏发电系统的区域主要包括:站房、站台雨棚、铁路停车场、路基边坡、场坪边坡、铁路桥梁下方、生产生活房屋、料库、车库、其他空闲用地,以及其他空间等区域。2)铁路沿线建设分布式光伏发电系统重点考虑接入铁路电力供电系统和地方电力系统,不推荐接入牵引供电系统。3)经测算,山东地区铁路每百公里可建设的分布式光伏发电系统装机容量约为17.0 MW,对应的百公里年发电量约为1996万kWh,每年每百公里可减少碳排放量1.9万t;按“50%自发自用,50%余电上网”计算,每年每百公里可减少电费支出约1100万元,具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。研究结果可为铁路沿线分布式光伏发电系统的建设提供借鉴。