An Efficient Approach for Transforming Unbalanced Transportation Problems into Balanced Problems in Order to Find Optimal Solutions

In operations research, the transportation problem (TP) is among the earliest and most effective applications of the linear programming problem. Unbalanced transportation problems reflect the reality of supply chain and logistics situations where the available supply of goods may not precisely match the demand at different locations. To deal with an unbalanced transportation problem (UTP), it is essential first to convert it into a balanced transportation problem (BTP) to find an initial basic feasible solution (IBFS) and hence the optimal solution. The present paper is concerned with introducing a new approach to convert an unbalanced transportation problem into a balanced one and as a consequence to obtain optimum total transportation cost. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the suggested method.

轧制态TiZrNbSn合金的再结晶行为

首先对冷轧态Ti-49Zr-21Nb-1.0Sn(TZNS1.0)合金分别在600、650、700、750、800和850℃进行再结晶退火处理10、20、30、60、90和120 min,随后采用光学显微镜(OM)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术分析了热处理后合金的组织演变,计算了合金的再结晶激活能,建立了其再结晶动力学模型。结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,TZNS1.0合金的再结晶形核孕育时间缩短,β晶粒经历了回复、再结晶形核和长大阶段。随着退火时间的增加,合金的晶粒尺寸增大,但长大速度逐渐减小。TZNS1.0合金在750℃再结晶退火后,仅少数区域发生再结晶,大部分区域仍为变形组织,并存在许多小角度晶界、高密度位错和轧制织构。在800℃退火后,再结晶区域呈现大角度晶界,轧制织构和高密度位错被消除。退火温度进一步升高到850℃时,再结晶过程全部完成,合金晶粒明显长大。TZNS1.0合金的再结晶激活能为67.45 kJ/mol,850℃退火处理时,合金的再结晶动力学方程为x=1-e^(-0.05t 0.9)。

NBs-GO膜的渗透性能及其对染料截留性能

氧化石墨烯(GO)膜因其优异的物化特性、独特的水通道,被广泛应用于复杂废水中的染料分离。通过将纳米气泡(NBs)吸附到GO上,形成纳米气泡-氧化石墨烯(NBs-GO)膜,有望提高膜的染料分离性能。以NBs-GO膜处理亚甲基蓝溶液模拟的染料废水,测定了该膜的水渗透率、截留率和稳定性等指标,并探究了染料种类与浓度、膜厚度和GO的制备条件等因素对膜性能的影响。结果表明:NBs-GO膜的水渗透率相比传统GO膜高出50.8%,并且能够将亚甲基蓝的截留率维持在99.88%,具有更优的染料分离性能。此外,NBs-GO膜在72 h内展现出了良好的稳定性,截留率始终保持在90%以上。即使在改变染料种类、浓度及膜厚度等条件下,NBs-GO膜依然保持了优异的水渗透性能。纳米气泡的引入为提高GO膜的染料分离效率提供了新的思路,在染料废水的处理方面展现出巨大的发展潜力,这一研究在染料废水处理领域具有广泛的应用前景。

基于转录组测序的山药NBS-LRR家族基因鉴定和分析

为了探究NBS-LRR类抗病基因在铁棍山药响应不同真菌侵染中的作用,通过同源克隆从山药基因组中扩增出NBS类基因DoRGA2和DoRGA4,RT-qPCR分析发现山药黑斑病病原真菌互隔交链孢和内生真菌耐盐青霉侵染会不同程度诱导DoRGA2和DoRGA4上调表达。同时,利用转录组测序分析互隔交链孢和耐盐青霉侵染山药愈伤组织后的NBS-LRR家族基因,结果共鉴定到47个山药NBS-LRR家族基因,包括N、NL、CN、CNL和TN 5种类型,分别有25、15、3、3、1个基因;不同亚家族NBS-LRR蛋白的进化路径存在差异,且这些NBS-LRR类蛋白以酸性为主,普遍具有亲水性,主要定位在细胞膜或细胞质。这些NBS-LRR家族基因中,TRINITY_DN9146_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN8009_c1_g1、TRINITY_DN49830_c0_g1和TRINITY_DN39475_c0_g1在接种互隔交链孢后显著上调表达,而TRINITY_DN18700_c0_g3在接种耐盐青霉菌后显著上调。

GLOBAL SOLUTIONS TO 1D COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES/ALLEN-CAHN SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND FREE-BOUNDARY

This paper is concerned with the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system,which is used to model the dynamics of immiscible two-phase flows.We consider a 1D free boundary problem and assume that the viscosity coefficient depends on the density in the form ofη(ρ)=ρ^(α).The existence of unique global H^(2m)-solutions(m∈N)to the free boundary problem is proven for when 0<α<1/4.Furthermore,we obtain the global C^(∞)-solutions if the initial data is smooth.

基于NbS结构的黄土填方边坡降雨物理模型试验

黄土高原地区,在“平山造城”“固沟保塬”“治沟造地”等计划开展过程中产生了大量的填方工程边坡,存在着巨大的地质灾害隐患。为了对黄土高原地区填方边坡治理提供新的解决思路,本文将黄土-古土壤层状自稳结构引入黄土填方边坡的灾变防控中,利用生石灰以及改性纤维素对黄土进行改良,提出了基于自然的解决方案(natural-based solutions,NbS)理念的黄土填方边坡控水结构,并开展人工降雨物理模拟实验,探究了有无控水结构下填方边坡渗流场、应力场和形变场变化规律、低渗场性质对边坡的影响,最终得出边坡失稳破坏模式。结果表明:1)改良黄土具有良好的工程性质,与重塑黄土相比,其液限、塑限均提高,抗剪强度增强,饱和渗透系数大幅下降,其中,改性纤维素改良黄土渗透系数降低88.59%,石灰改良黄土渗透系数降低95.18%,有控水结构边坡水分运移速度较慢,低渗层起到了良好的隔水效果;2)抗侵蚀面层的存在提高了边坡的抗侵蚀能力,有控水结构坡面的侵蚀量仅为无控水结构的28.43%;3)有控水结构边坡变形破坏模式为渐进式剪切滑移失稳,无控水结构边坡变形破坏模式为突发式溃散流滑破坏。本研究成果可为黄土高原地区填方边坡的生态治理及灾变防控工作提供理论参考。

基于NbS的洪泛区景观雨洪管理规划策略研究

近年来,越来越多的研究证明,将基于自然的解决方案(nature-based solutions,NbS)纳入到社区中能促进应对灾害风险能力。景观公共空间作为一种广泛分布的室外空间,能有效控制源头污染。然而如何以规划的形式将雨洪管理解决方案融入到景观公共空间当中、以美的形式发挥当地生态系统的多重效益是亟需解决的问题。文章综述了Nb S内涵,阐述了Nb S下的景观雨洪管理规划特点,搜集了国内外关于如何运用Nb S措施解决洪涝问题、水质问题以及生态问题的典型代表案例,并结合洪泛区特征提出了以“生态系统脆弱性分析——NbS下的景观雨洪管理规划——景观规划方案评估——运行和维护”为逻辑的规划方法,以及未来实施该方案的前景与障碍。

Localized wave solutions and interactions of the (2+1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation

This paper studies the(2+1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation.Based on an associated Hirota bilinear form,lump-type solution,two types of interaction solutions,and breather wave solution of the(2+1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation are obtained,which are all related to the seed solution of the equation.It is interesting that the rogue wave is aroused by the interaction between one-lump soliton and a pair of resonance stripe solitons,and the fusion and fission phenomena are also found in the interaction between lump solitons and one-stripe soliton.Furthermore,the breather wave solution is also obtained by reducing the two-soliton solutions.The trajectory and period of the one-order breather wave are analyzed.The corresponding dynamical characteristics are demonstrated by the graphs.

PDE Standardization Analysis and Solution of TypicalMechanics Problems

A numerical approach is an effective means of solving boundary value problems(BVPs).This study focuses on physical problems with general partial differential equations(PDEs).It investigates the solution approach through the standard forms of the PDE module in COMSOL.Two typical mechanics problems are exemplified:The deflection of a thin plate,which can be addressed with the dedicated finite element module,and the stress of a pure bending beamthat cannot be tackled.The procedure for the two problems regarding the three standard forms required by the PDE module is detailed.The results were in good agreement with the literature,indicating that the PDE module provides a promising means to solve complex PDEs,especially for those a dedicated finite element module has yet to be developed.

THE LIMITING PROFILE OF SOLUTIONS FOR SEMILINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS WITH A SHRINKING SELF-FOCUSING CORE

In this paper,we consider the semilinear elliptic equation systems{△u+u=αQ_(n)(x)|u|^(α-2)|v|^(β)u in R^(N),-△v+v=βQ(x)|u|^(α)|v|^(β-2)v in R^(N),where N≥3,α,β>1,α+β<2^(*),2^(*)=2N/N-2 and Q_(n) are bounded given functions whose self-focusing cores{x∈R^(N)|Q_(n)(x)>0} shrink to a set with finitely many points as n→∞.Motivated by the work of Fang and Wang[13],we use variational methods to study the limiting profile of ground state solutions which are concentrated at one point of the set with finitely many points,and we build the localized concentrated bound state solutions for the above equation systems.

Solution approximations for a mathematical model of relativistic electrons with beta derivative

The main aim of this paper is to obtain the exact and semi-analytical solutions of the nonlinear Klein-Fock-Gordon(KFG)equation which is a model of relativistic electrons arising in the laser thermonuclear fusion with beta derivative.For this purpose,both the modified extended tanh-function(mETF)method and the homotopy analysis method(HAM)are used.While applying the mETF the chain rule for beta derivative and complex wave transform are used for obtaining the exact solution.The advantage of this procedure is that discretization or normalization is not required.By applying the mETF,the exact solutions are obtained.Also,by applying the HAM semi-analytical results for the considered equation are acquired.In HAM?curve gives us a chance to find the suitable value of the for the convergence of the solution series.Also,comparative graphical representations are given to show the effectiveness,reliability of the methods.The results show that the m ETF and HAM are reliable and applicable tools for obtaining the solutions of non-linear fractional partial differential equations that involve beta derivative.This study can bring a new perspective for studies on fractional differential equations.On the other hand,it can be said that scientists can apply the considered methods for different mathematical models arising in physics,chemistry,engineering,social sciences and etc.which involves fractional differentiation.Briefly the results may cause a new insight who studies on relativistic electron modelling.

Bifurcations, Analytical and Non-Analytical Traveling Wave Solutions of (2 + 1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Dispersive Boussinesq Equation

For the (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear dispersive Boussinesq equation, by using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems to study its corresponding traveling wave system, the bifurcations and phase portraits of the regular system are obtained. Under different parametric conditions, various sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of analytical and non-analytical solutions of the singular system are given by using singular traveling wave theory. For certain special cases, some explicit and exact parametric representations of traveling wave solutions are derived such as analytical periodic waves and non-analytical periodic cusp waves. Further, two-dimensional wave plots of analytical periodic solutions and non-analytical periodic cusp wave solutions are drawn to visualize the dynamics of the equation.

Analytic Solutions for Hindered Rotation Quantum Problem

Normalizable analytic solutions of the quantum rotor problem with divergent potential are presented here as solution of the Schrödinger equation. These solutions, unknown to the literature, represent a mathematical advance in the description of physical phenomena described by the second derivative operator associated with a divergent interaction potential and, being analytical, guarantee the optimal interpretation of such phenomena.

Existence of Entropy Solution for Degenerate Parabolic-Hyperbolic Problem Involving p(x)-Laplacian with Neumann Boundary Condition

We consider a strongly non-linear degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic problem with p(x)-Laplacian diffusion flux function. We propose an entropy formulation and prove the existence of an entropy solution.

Malargüe Site Remediation:A Successful Solution for Uranium Mill Tailings

Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) has the responsibility for restoring uranium mining facilities once the operations have finished.CNEA,within its Environmental Program and in compliance with its legal responsibilities,decides to implement a restoration project for all sites related to the mining and processing of uranium ores.The Malargüe Site is located within the Province of Mendoza in the city of Malargüe.It is the first site to successfully complete its remediation.The activities consist of relocation of tailings to an engineering repository.The tailings management(encapsulation) and rehabilitation of the area was finished in June 2017.The remediation alternative for the ore tailings was selected after conducting comparative studies and submitted the project to the society for consideration.The objective of the encapsulation of the mineral tails is to isolate them from the environment,also proceeding with the decontamination and rehabilitation of the area (landscaping,post-closure monitoring and 20 years monitoring period).Encapsulation consisted of the construction of a containment cell for the mine tailings,to isolate them and prevent pollutants from entering the environment through the transfer routes.To clean the impacted areas,the soil was removed,it was incorporated into the encapsulation,and the filling was carried out with natural soils from the area.Remediation prevents radon transfer to the environment,as ^(222)Ra is an alpha emitter with a half-life of four days,which produces its own radioactive progeny.Radon progeny are solids,and when a ^(222)Ra nucleus emits an alpha particle into the air,the resulting ^(218)Po nucleus,momentarily electrically charged,adheres to any dust particle.Remediation prevents the discharge into the air containing radon and also containing dust particles charged with intensely radioactive radon progeny.The tasks mentioned make it possible to decrease radon emanation,reduce radiological risks to the public and prevent the entry of rainwater into the system.In addition,the containment system prevents the discharge of contaminated liquids into the environment,avoiding contamination of the groundwater.All these activities are according to the concepts of sustainability.

GLOBAL WEAK SOLUTIONS FOR AN ATTRACTION-REPULSION CHEMOTAXIS SYSTEM WITH p-LAPLACIAN DIFFUSION AND LOGISTIC SOURCE

This paper is concerned with the following attraction-repulsion chemotaxis system with p-Laplacian diffusion and logistic source:■The system here is under a homogenous Neumann boundary condition in a bounded domainΩ ■ R^(n)(n≥2),with χ,ξ,α,β,γ,δ,k_(1),k_(2)> 0,p> 2.In addition,the function f is smooth and satisfies that f(s)≤κ-μs~l for all s≥0,with κ ∈ R,μ> 0,l> 1.It is shown that(ⅰ)if l> max{2k_(1),(2k_(1)n)/(2+n)+1/(p-1)},then system possesses a global bounded weak solution and(ⅱ)if k_(2)> max{2k_(1)-1,(2k_(1)n)/(2+n)+(2-p)/(p-1)} with l> 2,then system possesses a global bounded weak solution.

Hamiltonian system for the inhomogeneous plane elasticity of dodecagonal quasicrystal plates and its analytical solutions

A Hamiltonian system is derived for the plane elasticity problem of two-dimensional dodecagonal quasicrystals by introducing the simple state function. By using symplectic elasticity approach, the analytic solutions of the phonon and phason displacements are obtained further for the quasicrystal plates. In addition, the effectiveness of the approach is verified by comparison with the data of the finite integral transformation method.

On entire solutions of some Fermat type differential-difference equations

On one hand,we study the existence of transcendental entire solutions with finite order of the Fermat type difference equations.On the other hand,we also investigate the existence and growth of solutions of nonlinear differential-difference equations.These results extend and improve some previous in[5,14].

Enhancing Cybersecurity through Cloud Computing Solutions in the United States

This study investigates how cybersecurity can be enhanced through cloud computing solutions in the United States. The motive for this study is due to the rampant loss of data, breaches, and unauthorized access of internet criminals in the United States. The study adopted a survey research design, collecting data from 890 cloud professionals with relevant knowledge of cybersecurity and cloud computing. A machine learning approach was adopted, specifically a random forest classifier, an ensemble, and a decision tree model. Out of the features in the data, ten important features were selected using random forest feature importance, which helps to achieve the objective of the study. The study’s purpose is to enable organizations to develop suitable techniques to prevent cybercrime using random forest predictions as they relate to cloud services in the United States. The effectiveness of the models used is evaluated by utilizing validation matrices that include recall values, accuracy, and precision, in addition to F1 scores and confusion matrices. Based on evaluation scores (accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores) of 81.9%, 82.6%, and 82.1%, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the random forest model. It showed the importance of machine learning algorithms in preventing cybercrime and boosting security in the cloud environment. It recommends that other machine learning models be adopted to see how to improve cybersecurity through cloud computing.

Effect of inorganic salt impurities on seeded precipitation of silica hydrate from sodium silicate solution

To clarify the precipitation of silica hydrate from the real desilication solutions of aluminosilicate solid wastes by adding seeds and improve integrated waste utilization,the seeded precipitation was studied using synthesized sodium silicate solution containing different inorganic salt impurities.The results show that sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,sodium carbonate,or calcium chloride can change the siloxy group structure.The number of high-polymeric siloxy groups decreases with increasing sodium chloride or sodium sulfate concentration,which is detrimental to seeded precipitation.Calcium chloride favors the polymerization of silicate ions,and even the chain groups precipitate with the precipitation of high-polymeric sheet and cage-like siloxy groups.The introduced sodium cations in sodium carbonate render a more open network structure of high-polymeric siloxy groups,although the carbonate ions favor the polymerization of siloxy groups.No matter how the four impurities affect the siloxy group structure,the precipitates are always amorphous opal-A silica hydrate.