The dendrite morphologies and spacings of directionally solidified DZ125 superalloy were investigated under high thermal gradient about 500 K/cm. The results reveal that, with increasing cooling rate, both the spacing...The dendrite morphologies and spacings of directionally solidified DZ125 superalloy were investigated under high thermal gradient about 500 K/cm. The results reveal that, with increasing cooling rate, both the spacings of primary and secondary dendrite arms decrease, and the dendrite morphologies transit from coarse to superfme dendrite. The secondary dendrite arms trend to be refined and be well developed, and the tertiary dendrite will occur. The predictions of the Kurz/Fisher model and the Hunt/Lu model accord basically with the experimental data for primary dendrite arm spacing. The regression equation of the primary dendrite arm spacings 21 and the cooling rate Vc is λ1 = 0.013 Vc^-0.32. The regression equation of the secondary dendrite arm spacing λ2 and the cooling rate Vc is λ2 = 0.00258 Vc^-0.31, which gives good agreement with the Feurer/Wunderlin model.展开更多
The microstructure scales of dendrites, such as primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings, control the segregation profiles and the formation of secondary phases within interdendritic regions, which determine the pr...The microstructure scales of dendrites, such as primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings, control the segregation profiles and the formation of secondary phases within interdendritic regions, which determine the properties of solidified structures. Investigations on primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings of primary a-phase during directionally solidified Pb-26wt%Bi hypo-peritectic alloy were carried out in this research, and systematic studies were conducted using cylindrical samples with different diameters (Ф = 1.8 and 7.0 mm) in order to analyze the effects of sample diameter on the primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings. In this work, the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on growth velocity was established. In addition, the experimental data concerning the primary and secondary dendrite ann spacings were compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literatures. A comparison between experimental results for dendrite arm spacings of the 1.8-mm-diameter sample and 7.0-ram-diameter sample was also conducted.展开更多
Fatigue crack growth experiments were per- formed on A1 alloy LD 10 and Ti-6A1-4V alloy. Fatigue striation spacings and the deviation angles between the direction of micro-crack growth and that of macro-crack growth w...Fatigue crack growth experiments were per- formed on A1 alloy LD 10 and Ti-6A1-4V alloy. Fatigue striation spacings and the deviation angles between the direction of micro-crack growth and that of macro-crack growth were quanti- tatively measured on fracture surface using scanning electron microscope. A statistical model of the relationship between striation spacings and fatigue crack propagation rates was developed on the basis of a statistical analysis of the deviation angles, Good agreement between experimental results and theoretical results calculated with the present model was obtained.展开更多
背景:大脑的代谢废物清除功能对于维持神经稳态极为关键,代谢废物积累导致的神经稳态失衡是许多中枢神经系统疾病的共同病理学特征。近年来,围绕胶质淋巴系统的研究逐渐成为神经系统领域的研究热点。目的:旨在通过构建胶质淋巴系统研究...背景:大脑的代谢废物清除功能对于维持神经稳态极为关键,代谢废物积累导致的神经稳态失衡是许多中枢神经系统疾病的共同病理学特征。近年来,围绕胶质淋巴系统的研究逐渐成为神经系统领域的研究热点。目的:旨在通过构建胶质淋巴系统研究的知识图谱,可视化地分析该领域的研究现状、热点及其未来的发展趋势。方法:采用Cite Space、VOSviewer软件及R语言环境下的Bibliometrix工具包,对2012年1月至2024年3月Web of Science核心合集数据库中与胶质淋巴系统相关的原始文献进行深入可视化分析,分析内容包括作者、机构、国家、期刊、关键词和共被引文献等。结果与结论:研究共纳入687篇相关文章,该领域发文量逐年增长,近3年呈现爆发性增长趋势;该研究领域发文量第一的国家、机构、作者分别是美国、美国罗切斯特大学和罗切斯特大学的Maiken Nedergaard教授,发文量第一的期刊是《JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM》,高频、高中心性关键词主要围绕脑脊液流体动力学等作用机制、阿尔茨海默症等神经系统疾病、扩散张量成像等影像学技术等方面,共被引频次最高的文献是一篇胶质淋巴系统的经典综述论文。上述结果表明,胶质淋巴系统的研究是一个新兴而活跃的领域,目前已受到国内外的广泛关注并逐渐从理论研究向临床实践扩展。展开更多
The synthesis of pillared clays have led to the development of new materialswith suitable pore size and sufficient stability to be used as shape-selective catalystsand molecular sieves. There are numerous layered inor...The synthesis of pillared clays have led to the development of new materialswith suitable pore size and sufficient stability to be used as shape-selective catalystsand molecular sieves. There are numerous layered inorganic oxides which havethe potential to undergo ion-exchange reactions analogous to those observed withclays, but the nonswelling nature of most ionic layered oxides generally prevents展开更多
目的:对比三维多回波恢复梯度回波(3D MERGE)、三维可变反转角快速自旋回波(3D SPACE STIR)序列在腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)检查中的应用效果。方法:选择2020年1月~2022年11月收治的135例LDH患者,回顾性分析患者临床和磁共振成像(MRI)资料,...目的:对比三维多回波恢复梯度回波(3D MERGE)、三维可变反转角快速自旋回波(3D SPACE STIR)序列在腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)检查中的应用效果。方法:选择2020年1月~2022年11月收治的135例LDH患者,回顾性分析患者临床和磁共振成像(MRI)资料,所有患者均接受常规MRI扫描及3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列扫描,对比3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列测量神经根直径的一致性,评价两种序列的图像质量参数[信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)]、图像清晰度评分。结果:3D MERGE和3D SPACE STIR序列测量的L3~S1神经根直径比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且两组序列测量的L3、L4、L5和S1直径均显示出较高相关性(r=0.957,0.986,0.975,0.972,P<0.05);3D MERGE序列的SNR及CNR均高于3D SPACE STIR序列,神经根显示分级、图像清晰度评分优于3D SPACE STIR序列,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列在LDH神经根直径测量中具有极高一致性,3D MERGE序列较3D SPACE STIR序列能够更清晰显示神经跟的解剖形态,图像质量更好。展开更多
螺旋藻(Spirulina)藻蓝蛋白具有独特的理化特性及生理功能,是药物、食品和化妆品的天然原料,具有较大的开发潜力。为探讨螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的研究现状与发展前景,对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中1990—2023年发表的文献进行检索并筛选...螺旋藻(Spirulina)藻蓝蛋白具有独特的理化特性及生理功能,是药物、食品和化妆品的天然原料,具有较大的开发潜力。为探讨螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的研究现状与发展前景,对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中1990—2023年发表的文献进行检索并筛选,使用Cite Space软件对文章发文量、研究团队及研究热点进行图谱分析。综合分析可知,国内年发文量偏少,呈平稳趋势;国外年发文量持续上升,尤其近几年发文量迅速增长,且发文量超过了100篇;国外研究热点集中于藻蓝蛋白在食品、医药行业的应用方面,而国内研究热点集中在提取纯化、稳定性、功能活性的研究与应用,下一步应结合研究现状开发适合规模化生产的提取纯化工艺,进一步加强藻蓝蛋白研究的广度与深度;国内外研究群体主要是高校的相关生物技术学院或研究机构等,总体来讲,学者间存在较为密切的合作,但研究机构间尚未形成紧密的合作关系,在地域上比较分散,各大高校和研究机构应突破地区或机构间的各种限制,促进该研究领域的深度融合和快速发展,深入挖掘藻蓝蛋白在各个领域的潜在应用。展开更多
目的利用科学知识图谱,对比分析国内外儿童绘本研究热点与趋势,总结出研究现存问题,提出未来研究展望。方法运用可视化文献分析软件Cite Space 6.2R1,选取中国知网数据中的北大核心、CSSCI、SCI期刊文献和Web of Science核心集合数据库...目的利用科学知识图谱,对比分析国内外儿童绘本研究热点与趋势,总结出研究现存问题,提出未来研究展望。方法运用可视化文献分析软件Cite Space 6.2R1,选取中国知网数据中的北大核心、CSSCI、SCI期刊文献和Web of Science核心集合数据库中收录的儿童绘本相关文献作为研究对象,对当前国内外儿童绘本研究的发文量、发文作者、发文机构、研究热点、前沿与趋势等方面绘制科学知识图谱并进行可视化分析。结论国内外儿童绘本发文量均呈波动上升态势;国内发文作者、机构间合作不密切,国外合作密切且形成完整的合作团队;国内整体研究趋势侧重于绘本本身的创作、阅读、出版研究,国外侧重于儿童自身行为特点与成长发展的研究。国内外均存在缺少对儿童非认知能力内容研究、社会问题关联性领域研究、长期影响回顾方法研究等问题,且国内还存在缺乏对跨语言和跨文化的研究。未来展望于研究对象多样化、内容多元化、方法创新化、方向科技化,多维度提升儿童绘本研究的深度与广度。展开更多
为了解国内外近10年护理不良事件的研究热点与前沿,为医院管理和临床护士提供参考,保障患者安全,通过检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库,检索时限为2012年1月—2022年8月,导入CiteSpace进行可视化分析。研究显示...为了解国内外近10年护理不良事件的研究热点与前沿,为医院管理和临床护士提供参考,保障患者安全,通过检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库,检索时限为2012年1月—2022年8月,导入CiteSpace进行可视化分析。研究显示,从发文量看,国内外学者对护理不良事件的关注度整体较高,可视化分析结果并未发现作者之间、机构之间的联系。未来减少护理不良事件的方法一定会越来越紧贴科学技术,越来越多的新型信息化平台、App等会用于医疗行业,降低护理不良事件预防的难度,但护理人员仍要重视护理安全。展开更多
Platooning represents one of the key features that connected automated vehicles may possess as it allows multiple automated vehicles to be maneuvered cooperatively with small headways on roads. However, a critical cha...Platooning represents one of the key features that connected automated vehicles may possess as it allows multiple automated vehicles to be maneuvered cooperatively with small headways on roads. However, a critical challenge in accomplishing automated vehicle platoons is to deal with the effects of intermittent and sporadic vehicle-to-vehicle data transmissions caused by limited wireless communication resources. This paper addresses the co-design problem of dynamic event-triggered communication scheduling and cooperative adaptive cruise control for a convoy of automated vehicles with diverse spacing policies. The central aim is to achieve automated vehicle platooning under various gap references with desired platoon stability and spacing performance requirements, while simultaneously improving communication efficiency. Toward this aim, a dynamic event-triggered scheduling mechanism is developed such that the intervehicle data transmissions are scheduled dynamically and efficiently over time. Then, a tractable co-design criterion on the existence of both the admissible event-driven cooperative adaptive cruise control law and the desired scheduling mechanism is derived. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to substantiate the effectiveness and merits of the obtained results.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.50771081,50827102)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2006CB605202)
文摘The dendrite morphologies and spacings of directionally solidified DZ125 superalloy were investigated under high thermal gradient about 500 K/cm. The results reveal that, with increasing cooling rate, both the spacings of primary and secondary dendrite arms decrease, and the dendrite morphologies transit from coarse to superfme dendrite. The secondary dendrite arms trend to be refined and be well developed, and the tertiary dendrite will occur. The predictions of the Kurz/Fisher model and the Hunt/Lu model accord basically with the experimental data for primary dendrite arm spacing. The regression equation of the primary dendrite arm spacings 21 and the cooling rate Vc is λ1 = 0.013 Vc^-0.32. The regression equation of the secondary dendrite arm spacing λ2 and the cooling rate Vc is λ2 = 0.00258 Vc^-0.31, which gives good agreement with the Feurer/Wunderlin model.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20110491492)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50765005)the Innovative Group of Science and Technology of College of Jiangxi Province,China (No. 00008713)
文摘The microstructure scales of dendrites, such as primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings, control the segregation profiles and the formation of secondary phases within interdendritic regions, which determine the properties of solidified structures. Investigations on primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings of primary a-phase during directionally solidified Pb-26wt%Bi hypo-peritectic alloy were carried out in this research, and systematic studies were conducted using cylindrical samples with different diameters (Ф = 1.8 and 7.0 mm) in order to analyze the effects of sample diameter on the primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings. In this work, the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on growth velocity was established. In addition, the experimental data concerning the primary and secondary dendrite ann spacings were compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literatures. A comparison between experimental results for dendrite arm spacings of the 1.8-mm-diameter sample and 7.0-ram-diameter sample was also conducted.
文摘Fatigue crack growth experiments were per- formed on A1 alloy LD 10 and Ti-6A1-4V alloy. Fatigue striation spacings and the deviation angles between the direction of micro-crack growth and that of macro-crack growth were quanti- tatively measured on fracture surface using scanning electron microscope. A statistical model of the relationship between striation spacings and fatigue crack propagation rates was developed on the basis of a statistical analysis of the deviation angles, Good agreement between experimental results and theoretical results calculated with the present model was obtained.
文摘背景:大脑的代谢废物清除功能对于维持神经稳态极为关键,代谢废物积累导致的神经稳态失衡是许多中枢神经系统疾病的共同病理学特征。近年来,围绕胶质淋巴系统的研究逐渐成为神经系统领域的研究热点。目的:旨在通过构建胶质淋巴系统研究的知识图谱,可视化地分析该领域的研究现状、热点及其未来的发展趋势。方法:采用Cite Space、VOSviewer软件及R语言环境下的Bibliometrix工具包,对2012年1月至2024年3月Web of Science核心合集数据库中与胶质淋巴系统相关的原始文献进行深入可视化分析,分析内容包括作者、机构、国家、期刊、关键词和共被引文献等。结果与结论:研究共纳入687篇相关文章,该领域发文量逐年增长,近3年呈现爆发性增长趋势;该研究领域发文量第一的国家、机构、作者分别是美国、美国罗切斯特大学和罗切斯特大学的Maiken Nedergaard教授,发文量第一的期刊是《JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM》,高频、高中心性关键词主要围绕脑脊液流体动力学等作用机制、阿尔茨海默症等神经系统疾病、扩散张量成像等影像学技术等方面,共被引频次最高的文献是一篇胶质淋巴系统的经典综述论文。上述结果表明,胶质淋巴系统的研究是一个新兴而活跃的领域,目前已受到国内外的广泛关注并逐渐从理论研究向临床实践扩展。
文摘The synthesis of pillared clays have led to the development of new materialswith suitable pore size and sufficient stability to be used as shape-selective catalystsand molecular sieves. There are numerous layered inorganic oxides which havethe potential to undergo ion-exchange reactions analogous to those observed withclays, but the nonswelling nature of most ionic layered oxides generally prevents
文摘目的:对比三维多回波恢复梯度回波(3D MERGE)、三维可变反转角快速自旋回波(3D SPACE STIR)序列在腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)检查中的应用效果。方法:选择2020年1月~2022年11月收治的135例LDH患者,回顾性分析患者临床和磁共振成像(MRI)资料,所有患者均接受常规MRI扫描及3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列扫描,对比3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列测量神经根直径的一致性,评价两种序列的图像质量参数[信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)]、图像清晰度评分。结果:3D MERGE和3D SPACE STIR序列测量的L3~S1神经根直径比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且两组序列测量的L3、L4、L5和S1直径均显示出较高相关性(r=0.957,0.986,0.975,0.972,P<0.05);3D MERGE序列的SNR及CNR均高于3D SPACE STIR序列,神经根显示分级、图像清晰度评分优于3D SPACE STIR序列,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列在LDH神经根直径测量中具有极高一致性,3D MERGE序列较3D SPACE STIR序列能够更清晰显示神经跟的解剖形态,图像质量更好。
文摘螺旋藻(Spirulina)藻蓝蛋白具有独特的理化特性及生理功能,是药物、食品和化妆品的天然原料,具有较大的开发潜力。为探讨螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的研究现状与发展前景,对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中1990—2023年发表的文献进行检索并筛选,使用Cite Space软件对文章发文量、研究团队及研究热点进行图谱分析。综合分析可知,国内年发文量偏少,呈平稳趋势;国外年发文量持续上升,尤其近几年发文量迅速增长,且发文量超过了100篇;国外研究热点集中于藻蓝蛋白在食品、医药行业的应用方面,而国内研究热点集中在提取纯化、稳定性、功能活性的研究与应用,下一步应结合研究现状开发适合规模化生产的提取纯化工艺,进一步加强藻蓝蛋白研究的广度与深度;国内外研究群体主要是高校的相关生物技术学院或研究机构等,总体来讲,学者间存在较为密切的合作,但研究机构间尚未形成紧密的合作关系,在地域上比较分散,各大高校和研究机构应突破地区或机构间的各种限制,促进该研究领域的深度融合和快速发展,深入挖掘藻蓝蛋白在各个领域的潜在应用。
文摘目的利用科学知识图谱,对比分析国内外儿童绘本研究热点与趋势,总结出研究现存问题,提出未来研究展望。方法运用可视化文献分析软件Cite Space 6.2R1,选取中国知网数据中的北大核心、CSSCI、SCI期刊文献和Web of Science核心集合数据库中收录的儿童绘本相关文献作为研究对象,对当前国内外儿童绘本研究的发文量、发文作者、发文机构、研究热点、前沿与趋势等方面绘制科学知识图谱并进行可视化分析。结论国内外儿童绘本发文量均呈波动上升态势;国内发文作者、机构间合作不密切,国外合作密切且形成完整的合作团队;国内整体研究趋势侧重于绘本本身的创作、阅读、出版研究,国外侧重于儿童自身行为特点与成长发展的研究。国内外均存在缺少对儿童非认知能力内容研究、社会问题关联性领域研究、长期影响回顾方法研究等问题,且国内还存在缺乏对跨语言和跨文化的研究。未来展望于研究对象多样化、内容多元化、方法创新化、方向科技化,多维度提升儿童绘本研究的深度与广度。
文摘为了解国内外近10年护理不良事件的研究热点与前沿,为医院管理和临床护士提供参考,保障患者安全,通过检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库,检索时限为2012年1月—2022年8月,导入CiteSpace进行可视化分析。研究显示,从发文量看,国内外学者对护理不良事件的关注度整体较高,可视化分析结果并未发现作者之间、机构之间的联系。未来减少护理不良事件的方法一定会越来越紧贴科学技术,越来越多的新型信息化平台、App等会用于医疗行业,降低护理不良事件预防的难度,但护理人员仍要重视护理安全。
基金supported in part by the Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DE200101128)。
文摘Platooning represents one of the key features that connected automated vehicles may possess as it allows multiple automated vehicles to be maneuvered cooperatively with small headways on roads. However, a critical challenge in accomplishing automated vehicle platoons is to deal with the effects of intermittent and sporadic vehicle-to-vehicle data transmissions caused by limited wireless communication resources. This paper addresses the co-design problem of dynamic event-triggered communication scheduling and cooperative adaptive cruise control for a convoy of automated vehicles with diverse spacing policies. The central aim is to achieve automated vehicle platooning under various gap references with desired platoon stability and spacing performance requirements, while simultaneously improving communication efficiency. Toward this aim, a dynamic event-triggered scheduling mechanism is developed such that the intervehicle data transmissions are scheduled dynamically and efficiently over time. Then, a tractable co-design criterion on the existence of both the admissible event-driven cooperative adaptive cruise control law and the desired scheduling mechanism is derived. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to substantiate the effectiveness and merits of the obtained results.