Rural Revitalization Planning under the Territorial Spatial Planning System

With the rapid development of China’s social economy,village planning is increasingly important.Departments should fully draw up practical village plan“integrating various plans”.In the context of“rural revitalization”,how to better promote“rural revitalization”and realize the concept that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”is a difficult problem in front of everyone.After many years of pilot of“integrating various plans”,“five levels,three categories and four systems”have been formed,but the territorial spatial planning in the new era under the construction of ecological civilization still faces many problems and challenges.In this paper,the practical village planning of“integrating various plans”under the background of territorial spatial planning was analyzed,aiming to establish and improve a complete rural spatial system and provide an effective scheme for rural governance mechanism by analyzing and refining the key points of rural planning.

Re-understanding the Role of City Master Planning in the Spatial Planning System

Holding a dominant position in the spatial planning system at the city level, a city master plan should be able to guide both long-term strategies and short-term planning implementation, while taking into account both resource conservation and urban-rural development and coordinating multi-government power and interests of various stakeholders. In the future, city master planning should keep its advanced nature and must follow the principles of being people-oriented, paying equal attention to both development quality and quantity, promoting diversified development, and containing multiple driving forces for development.

Benthic bacterial communities indicate anthropogenic activity footprints in coastal area under long-term marine spatial planning practice

Marine spatial planning(MSP)is designed to divide the sea area into different types of functional zones,to implement corresponding development activities.However,the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities associated with MSP practice on the marine microbial biosphere are still unclear.Yalu River Estuary,a coastal region in northeast of China,has been divided into fishery&agricultural(F&A)zone,shipping&port(S&P)zone and marine protected area(MPA)zone by a local MSP guideline that has been run for decades.To examine the effects of long-term executed MSP,benthic bacterial communities from different MSP zones were obtained and compared in this study.The results revealed significant differences in the bacterial community structure and predict functions among different zones.Bacterial genera enriched in different zones were identified,including SBR1031 in MPA,Woeseia and Sva0996 in S&P,and Halioglobus in F&A.In addition,correlations between some bacterial genera and sediment pollutants were uncovered.Furthermore,bacteria related to sulphide production were more abundant in the F&A zone,which was according to the accumulation of sulphides in this area.Moreover,bacteria associated with chemoheterotrophy and fermentation were more predominant in the S&P zone,consistent with high levels of organic matter and petroleum caused by shipping.Our findings indicated benthic bacterial communities could bring to light the anthropogenic activity footprints by different activities induced by long-term MSP practice.

Thinking and Research on County-level Territorial Spatial Plans in the Territorial Spatial Plan System:A Case Study of Jiangxi Province

The establishment of the territorial spatial plan system is an important space reform act to meet the new era in China.The reform of territorial spatial plans according to classification is in line with the characteristics of China’s current territorial spatial administration and urban development.At present,China’s provincial and municipal territorial spatial plans have been publicized,and county-level territorial spatial plans are being approved one after another,while the compilation of township-level territorial spatial plans is being carried out in an orderly manner.In this paper,based on the historical background of the establishment of territorial spatial plan system integrating“multiple plans”,the background of territorial spatial plans and the important role of county-level territorial spatial plans were first elaborated,and then the progress of the compilation of county-level territorial spatial plans in Jiangxi Province was sorted out.Finally,the problems existing in the compilation were discussed,and corresponding suggestions were put forward to provide a certain reference for the construction of a scientific and reasonable territorial spatial plan system.

Exploration of Detailed Planning Practice of Chemical Industrial Parks under the Background of Territorial Space Planning

With the gradual completion of the overall planning of city and county land space,the detailed planning will be prepared according to the requirements of transmitting and refining the upper planning.Industrial parks are one of the“main forces”of local economic development,and the preparation of their detailed planning will escort their development.The key points of the Control Indicators of Construction Land in Industrial Projectsissued in 2008 and 2023 were compared,and the new requirements for detailed planning under the background of territorial space and the contradictions between the detailed planning of industrial parks and the overall planning of the upper territorial space were sorted out based on the summary of the existing problems in the development of chemical parks.It provides some ideas for the practice of detailed planning of chemical industrial parks under the background of territorial space.

A Survey of Bulgarian(National)Planning and Regulation Acts and Documents Concerning Urban Sprawl

In the last 20 years,the built-up areas of Europe have increased by 20%,while the population increased by 6% only.Given the fact that urban sprawl occurs when the rate of land-use conversion exceeds the rate of population growth,we can now talk about the existence of urban sprawl in Europe.In Bulgaria,during the period 2004-2012,the developers’interest in agricultural and forest lands located outside the development zones of different settlements increased in parallel with the construction development of urban areas,mainly around larger towns,resort and holiday areas.The low price of agricultural lands can be seen as one of the main reasons in this regard.The issues of the utilization of agricultural lands,their conversion into urban(construction)lands,and zoning have been defined by a number of national and local legal acts,which were passed and subsequently renewed/modified in a more recent period.The main act regulating the spatial planning and construction on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria is the SPA(Spatial Planning Act).The ALPA(Agricultural Land Protection Act)and its corresponding regulations provide an appropriate legal basis for the protection of agricultural lands and their yield.Overall,as different acts and regulations concerning issues related to the conversion of agricultural,forest,and protected areas are not in conflict,they may be said to have been harmonized.There are,however,some points which leave possibilities for uncontrolled urban growth.

Research on Impact of Urban System Hierarchy Restructuring upon Spatial Planning

Economy is a major force in determining the hierarchy of urban system. As regional economy globalizes, urban systems in many countries are making their transition from the scale-based hierarchy to the networked system, while that in China still maintains an administrative stratification. The paper discussed the triumph of Baigou Town in the East Baoding Sub-center Campaign. It significantly shattered the administrative hierarchy of the urban system in China, which owes largely to the new type of economical development, i.e. government-led fixed assets investment and real estate development, as demonstrated in the urban expansion. Under the pattern of "territory" logic, spatial planning not only lost efficacy, but also stimulated bottom-up over development in local areas. The paper recommended foreign action- and collaboration-oriented urban planning theories, and that the absolute top-down spatial blueprint planning must be abandoned, and a harmonious synergy of planning roles, work content and methodology be facilitated.

CPC Central Committee and State Council Release Several Opinions Concerning Establishing National Land and Spatial Planning System and Related Implementation Supervision

On May 9,2019,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council released Several Opinions Concerning Establishing National Land and Spatial Planning System and Related Implementation Supervision(shortened into the Opinions in the following part).National land and spatial planning is considered as a guidance for national spatial development,a spatial blueprint for sustainable development,as well as a fundamental basis for various development,protection,and construction activities.

The future of underground spatial planning and the resulting potential risks from the point of view of mining subsidence engineering

The topic of ground movements in Germany has been studied extensively in the past,especially in the field of active mines.The active hard coal mines in Germany were finally shut down in 2018 and lignite mining is expected to take place only until 2038.The so-called long-term liabilities of the mine operators in Germany include,among other things,the long-term guarantee of stability and thus the monitoring of ground motion.So far,the economic use of underground mining in Germany was mainly the supply of raw materials.In the future,the underground storage of compressed air,methane or hydrogen will play an important role in renewable energy supply and climate change.Therefore,the underground storage space will become more important and the spatial planning is essential to ensure availability of safe underground openings for the various options of environmentally friendly energy storage.However,this renewed usage of underground openings may also bring new and sometimes unknown challenges of geomechanical influence.The aftermath of hard coal and lignite mining will be an increasing challenge in mining subsidence engineering.On the other hand,new possibilities due to underground spatial planning may lead to subsidence and/or heaving of the upper surface.

Protection and Development of Traditional Villages from the Perspective of Territorial Spatial Planning:Taking Baisi Village,Henan Province as an Example

In the process of historical development,the history and culture of villages are constantly changing,and they have become a powerful carrier of cultural heritage.Taking Baisi Village,Xun County,Henan Province as an example,the basic principles and development mode of traditional village protection were studied from aspects of traditional space renovation,architectural features and folk culture protection in this article,with a view to providing reference for the protection and development of other traditional villages.

Some Thoughts on China's Territorial Spatial Planning in the New Period

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to"establish a spatial planning system,delimit production,living,and ecological space development control boundaries,and implement use control;improve energy,water and land conservation and intensive use system",opening the prelude to territorial spatial planning in the new era.Reviewing the history of planning and development and summarizing experience and lessons is not only a necessary way to promote the development of territorial spatial planning in the new period,but also a useful reference for territorial spatial planning and construction in the new period.

Thoughts on the Village Planning in the Context of Land Spatial Planning:A Case Study of Wentang Village,Yichun City,Jiangxi Province

Village planning is an important part of land spatial planning and an important measure to implement rural strategy.At present,the preparation of village planning is not complete,and the establishment of technical guidelines is not systematic.Therefore,the course of the development of domestic village planning and the common problems are analyzed.Taking Wentang Village,Yichun City,Jiangxi Province as an example,this paper considers the contents of land use,industrial development,residential layout,ecological environment renovation and historical and cultural inheritance from the perspective of multi-plan integration.This paper discusses the establishment method of the new round of village planning,and puts forward the safeguard measures for the implementation of the planning,so as to provide reference for the establishment of the new round of village planning.

Spatial Planning in Ghana: Antecedents and the Role of Local Artisans

This paper explored the antecedents and the role of local artisans in Spatial Planning (SP) activities in Ghana. The paper was based on the results of an inspection of 5896 already built houses at Mepe in the Volta Region of Ghana. A mixed method research approach was used to gather the data through snowball non-probability sampling technique. It enabled the researchers to identify 100 local artisans. Survey questionnaires were used, which was followed by structured interviews with five (5) elders who lived in the town for over 65 years. The results showed that the early houses were built on community lands with mud and thatch clustered with narrow and unnamed alleys. Property owners heavily depended on local artisans for professional guidance, although some artisans were ill-trained and unaware of existing government SP regulations. The study was limited to artisans who practiced at the local community level. The findings showed that many local artisans were poorly trained, resulting in poor workmanship and non-compliance with local planning regulations. The paper recommends the integration of SP into the artisanal curricula at both local and national levels to improve their skills.

Theory and practice of urban spatial planning in big data era- Taking Hunan as an example

In recent years, the rapid development of information and communication technologies accelerates the arrival of the big data era. But it still needs to be explored further for what large data brought on the impact of urban planning and how to respond to the implementation and formation of urban planning to the end. We will research from two aspects of the practice study and formation of urban planning in Hunan to discuss based on brief review of research about urban space big data era.

Study on the Current Situation of Urban Integration of Aboveground Space and Underground Space:Under the Background of China’s Land Spatial Planning

Urban underground public space has a synergistic effect with its surrounding urban aboveground functions or facilities,which reflects the complementarity between underground functions and urban functions.The research analyses the degree of integration through the case study of urban aboveground space and underground space in China.The research method of this paper will give different evaluation criteria to public transport and public space and the influencing factors of space integration.The indicators of public transport include the number of subway lines and underground parking spaces.The evaluation standard of public space is the area of underground space and the number of floors of underground space.The subway entrance and exits are selected as the evaluation index for the aboveground and underground transition space.Through the specific analysis of 7 selected cases,it provides arguments for the research.The average rent in the case is taken as the dependent variable.Through the regression model,the influencing factors of the integration of aboveground and underground space are determined.The purpose of the study is to explore the influencing factors of the integration of aboveground space and underground space,and how to optimize the integration of aboveground and underground space.

Daylighting the Role of Soil Ecosystem Services (SoESs) for Climate Change Adaptation

Soil plays a critical role in providing various Ecosystem Services (ESs) that are beneficial to humanity. Services such as clean air, water, and food production are directly or indirectly provided through soils. The soil ecosystem is considered as the most important Carbon (C) sink in terrestrial systems, and human activities, particularly land use, impact ESs and increase carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Mapping ESs and assessing the risks associated with climate-related hydro-meteorological hazards and soil degradation can contribute to making spatial decisions for planning more climate-resilient. Indeed, strategies based on soil ecosystem services provide valuable insight for enhancing the resilience of spatial decision-making in adapting to climate change. The aim of this article is to illuminate the significance of SoES in the spatial planning decision-making for better integration and adaptation into climate change adaptation policies as a decision support tool. In this regard, ESs related to climate change were highlighted and mapped, and their suitability for settlement development decisions and relation with ESs’ integrity were assessed through weighted multi-criteria analysis, while discussing the contributions of this process to climate change adaptation. Incorporating Social-Ecological Systems (SoESs) factors into suitability analysis is crucial for comprehensive urban planning, particularly in the context of climate change adaptation and environmental protection. In this study, two settlement suitability analyses were conducted. The first analysis considered various factors, such as land use, soil classification, DEM (Digital Elevation Model), and slope. The second analysis utilized weighted climate-related SoES indicators, including soil depth, soil carbon sequestration capacity, soil loss, flood risk, temperature, and precipitation. The results revealed that the SoES-based suitability analysis was more stringent in identifying suitable areas for urban development and offered a more holistic perspective for urban planners.

Frontier Progress of Landscape Character Assessment in China

The role of Landscape Character Assessment(LCA)at the level of territorial landscape governance spans both natural and social sciences.By analyzing the development history,research distribution,methods and applications of cutting-edge cases of LCA in China,the following conclusions are drawn:①the LCA research in China originated earlier than that in Europe,but has not yet been systematically applied to the implementation of urban and rural planning at all levels;②the fundamental theory of LCA in China has been well constructed,with three main research directions:technologyled,assessment-led,and assessment combined with other theories;③the development of LCA in rural areas is more mature than in urban areas,but the progress of research is uneven across regions;④the current research presents significant“bottom-up”academic characteristics,and there is an urgent need for government decision-making authorities and academia to jointly promote a“top-down”standardized governance mechanism to comprehensively promote the modernization of territorial landscape governance.

The Concept of Using the Strategic Noise Maps inPlanning of Urban Space in Poland

In the territory of Poland the manner of urban space management is defined by a planning document called LLUP （local land use plan）. When analyzing the development process of Polish cities, an obvious conclusion emerges about the lack of complex studies and researches of the environment concerning the issue of acoustic climate. The procedures of development of local land use plan involve merely a general diagnosis of an environment excluding measured values of pollution, including noise levels. The main aim of this article is to introduce the issue of the influence that acoustic climate has on the urban space planning with the application of SNM （strategic noise mapping）. The map enables holistic assessment of the degree to which urban areas are exposed to noise, determines its sources and forecasts variations of its levels. Preliminary research results confirmed the necessity of including noise level influence in the procedures related to urban space planning especially concerning its forecasted levels resulting from estimates of local land use plans. Applying SNM in verification of conceptual space arrangements in terms of protection against noise in the preparation of LLUP as well as their further application in the plan is a considerable advantage.

Analyzing Urban Expansion and Spatial Growth Patterns in Barahathawa Municipality of Central Tarai Region, Nepal

The rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Ne­pal has brought significant changes in land use,and urban expansion and growth patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area.The issue is studied taking a case of the rapidly growing town,Barahathawa Municipality of Tarai Region of Sarlahi District.After the declaration of the municipality,several new roads have been opened and upgraded;and the municipality is well-connected to the national transportation network.After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and functioning the elected local body,the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in so­cio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which has attracted people,goods,and services creating the zone of influence on the municipality.One of the changes found in the munici­pality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land.Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides.The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 183percent with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years.Implica­tions of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal.

Integrating the ecosystem service in sustainable plateau spatial planning:A case study of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin

The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin(YZRB)is a key ecological protection area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).Determination of the ecosystem service values(ESVs)can help recognize the benefits of sustainable management.It is gradually becoming the main path that constructs plateau spatial planning of integrating ecological protection,and achieves global sustainable development goals(SDGs)in China.In this paper,the spatio-temporal dynamic evolutions of the ESVs were estimated on the multiple scales of“basin,subbasin and watershed”from 1980 to 2015.The main factors influencing ESVs were explored in terms of physical geography,human activities,and climate change.It had been proposed that sustainable spatial planning including ecological protection,basin management,and regional development was urgent to set up.Our results show that the increase in wetland and forest and results in an increase of 9.4%in the ESVs.Attention should be paid to the reduction of water and grassland.Water conservation(WC),waste treatment(WT),and soil formation and conservation(SFC)are the most important ecosystem services in the YZRB.At present,the primary problem is to solve the ESVs decreasing caused by glacier melting,grassland degradation,and desertification in the upper reaches region.The middle reaches should raise the level of supply services.Regulation services should be increased in the lower reaches region on the premise of protecting vegetation.The ESVs in adjacent watersheds are interrelated and the phenomenon of“high agglomeration and low agglomeration”is obvious,existing hot-spots and cold-spots of ESVs.Additionally,when the altitude is 4500-5500 m,the temperature is 3-8°C,and the annual precipitation is 350-650 mm,ESVs could reach its maximum.A framework of sustainable plateau spatial planning could provide references to delimit the ecological protection red line,key ecological function zone,and natural resource asset accounting on the QTP.