Experimental study on effect of recombinant human growth hormone combined with chemotherapy on stomach neoplasms implanted in nude mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of different doses of recombined growth hormone (rhGH) on stomach neo- plasms implanted in nude mice, and its efficacy in combining with chemotherapy (flurouracil, 5-FU). Methods: Human stom- ach neoplasms model was established in nude mice. The nude mice were divided into control group, moderate-dose of rhGH group, low-dose rhGH group, 5-FU group, moderate-dose rhGH/5-FU group, and low-dose rhGH/5-FU group. The results of each group were observed after ten days. Results: After therapy, the body mass of rhGH groups was significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05), the body mass of rhGH/5-FU groups was significantly increased compared with 5-FU group (P<0.05), but it was no significant difference between rhGH/5-FU groups and control group (P>0.05). The average tumor mass and volume of rhGH groups were not significantly increased compared with control group (P>0.05), but they were significantly reduced in 5-FU group and rhGH/5-FU groups (P<0.05). They were no significant difference between rhGH/5- FU groups and 5-FU group (P>0.05). After treatment, the percentages of S, G0/G1 and G2/M phases and proliferation index (PI) were not significantly changed in rhGH groups compared with control group (P>0.05), and the same with rhGH/5-FU groups compared with 5-FU group (P>0.05). The difference caused by dose of rhGH was not significant. Conclusion: rhGH enhances body mass, does not stimulate tumor growth, and has no adverse effects on tumor bearing nude mice. Combined with flurouracil, rhGH does not influence the efficacy of chemotherapy, and has no effect on tumor cell cycle kinetics.

Proton pump inhibitors and stomach neoplasm

This study aimed to explore the relationship between proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)and gastric tumors and determine the reasons behind these connections.We reviewed studies on PPIs and stomach tumors.We explored the relationship between PPIs and different types of gastric neoplasms according to the classification of gastric neoplasms.Long-term use of PPIs is associated with stomach infection,high gastrin levels,and rebound acid hypersecretion,which are directly or indirectly related to the development of gastric neoplasms.PPIs can increase the risk of gastric fundal polyps.Further evidence is needed to prove that it can increase the risk of gastric cancer.

Metastatic stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(PLELC)is a rare type of nonsmall-cell lung cancer.Stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC)metastasis secondary to PLELC has not been reported recently.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for a regular gastroscopy examination with a 6-year history of surgical resection for left PLELC.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography suggested high accumulation of 18F-fludeoxyglucose in the gastric cardia region.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed a large mass at the stomach fundus.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)of the biopsy suggested metastatic stomach LELC.Proximal gastrectomy showed that this 6.5 cm×5.0 cm mass was located in the stomach fundus near the cardia.Histopathological examination showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.IHC demonstrated that the tumor was positive for CK(AE1/AE3),p63,p40,p53,Ki-67(70%),and EGFR(3+)and negative for CK7,CK20,Her2,and CD10.In situ hybridization analysis showed positive staining Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA.Tumor programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression score was 98%,and the combined positive score was 100,with no evidence of microsatellite instability.Thus,the patient was unequivocally diagnosed with metastatic stomach LELC secondary to pulmonary LELC.After discharge,this patient underwent PD-1 inhibitor treatment(toripalimab,240 mg)every 3 wk for ten cycles,and she has had no tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION For gastric LELC metastasis,PD-1 inhibitor therapy could become a new therapeutic approach,though there is still no evidence from large data sets to support this.

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of the stomach:A rare case report

BACKGROUND Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma(EES)is a rare and highly malignant small round cell tumor associated with a poor clinical outcome.Ewing sarcoma(ES)involving the stomach is an uncommon presentation and can be easily confused with other small round cell tumors.We herein present a rare case of ES involving the gastric area.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of gastric ES in a 19-year-old female patient who initially presented with a complaint of a tender epigastric mass for 5 d.Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a soft-tissue-density mass with a diameter of 8.5 cm between the liver and stomach;the mass was connected to the gastric antrum.Then,the mass was surgically excised completely.Upon histopathological,immunophenotype and molecular analysis,the mass was identified to be a primary gastric ES.CONCLUSION EES is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis.Therefore,early diagnosis and timely intervention are essential for a good prognosis.It is imperative for us to raise awareness about this rare tumor.Surgical resection is still the best treatment option.

胃肝样腺癌的CT特征

目的分析胃肝样腺癌的临床和CT特征,提高对本病的认识。资料与方法回顾性分析2012年9月—2023年4月苏州大学附属第一医院经病理证实的38例胃肝样腺癌患者的临床病理资料、实验室检查、CT资料,分析病灶大小、形态、密度、边界、强化方式、转移及侵犯等情况,总结其临床及CT特征。结果38例患者中,血清甲胎蛋白水平升高24例,免疫组化甲胎蛋白表达阳性32例。CT表现为胃壁增厚,门静脉期病变最大截面长径2.38~11.95cm,中位数为5.200(3.365,7.215)cm,23例伴溃疡,20例内见坏死,25例周围侵犯,14例出现肝脏转移,5例出现门静脉系统癌栓。结论胃肝样腺癌为罕见肿瘤,血清甲胎蛋白常增高,CT增强检查肿瘤常较大,可见坏死,渐进性或持续强化,易发生转移、侵犯门静脉,认识这些特征有助于提高诊断水平。

PLR、NLR、CRP联合评估进展期胃癌腹膜腔转移的价值研究

目的探讨血小板计数/淋巴细胞计数(platelet count/lymphocyte count,PLR)、中性粒细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数(neutrophil count/lymphocyte count,NLR)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)评估进展期胃癌腹膜腔转移的价值。方法回顾性选取江苏省徐州市肿瘤医院进展期胃癌患者124例,根据是出现腹膜腔转移分为腹腔转移组36例、非腹腔转移组88例。比较2组临床资料、病理学参数及CRP、PLR、NLR,Logistic分析进展期胃癌腹膜腔转移影响因素,构建Logistic回归模型,受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristics,ROC)曲线评估其对腹膜腔转移的预测价值。结果腹腔转移组肿瘤直径大于非腹腔转移组,浸润深度、TNM分期及PLR、NLR、CRP水平高于腹腔转移组,组织学分化程度低于非腹腔转移组(P<0.05);排除PLR、NLR和CRP之外的混杂因素肿瘤大小、浸润深度、TNM分期和组织学分化,建立Logistic模型,对其行多因素分析,显示PLR、NLR和CRP是进展期胃癌腹膜腔转移的危险因素(P<0.05);构建风险预测模型:logit(p)=PLR×1.416+NLR×1.149+CRP×1.088;模型预测价值:ROC分析,logit(p)>0.5时,AUC值为0.755,χ^(2)为10.212,诊断敏感度为80.95%,特异度为61.64%。结论进展期胃癌腹膜腔转移与PLR、NLR、CRP水平及相关临床特征相关,根据PLR、NLR、CRP和相关临床因素构建的预测模型对其具有较高预测价值,可为临床决策提供依据。

临床资料联合CT影像组学特征评估胃癌程序性死亡配体1状态

目的观察临床资料联合CT影像组学特征评估胃癌程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)状态的价值。方法回顾性按7∶3比例将277例胃癌患者随机分为训练集(n=195)与验证集(n=82):训练集含PD-L1阳性亚组88例、阴性亚组107例,验证集各含37及45例。比较不同集别亚组间临床及常规CT特征,分析胃癌PD-L1状态的独立影响因素,基于CT筛选影像组学特征,建立临床模型、影像组学模型及临床-影像组学联合模型,观察各模型评估胃癌PD-L1状态的效能。结果训练集亚组间Borrmann分型、cN分期、cM分期、临床分期、肿瘤最大径及厚径差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);Borrmann分型、临床分期及肿瘤厚径均为PD-L1阳性的独立影响因素(P均<0.05)。临床模型、影像组学模型及临床-影像组学联合模型评估训练集胃癌PD-L1状态的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.748、0.832及0.841,在验证集分别为0.657、0.801及0.789;临床模型的AUC均低于其他模型(P均<0.05)。结论临床资料联合CT影像组学特征有助于评估胃癌PD-L1状态。

1例初始表现为急性弥散性血管内凝血的胃低分化腺癌伴多发转移:^(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像所见

患者女,20岁,无明显诱因阵发性下腹部疼痛伴牙龈出血、皮肤散在瘀斑及肛门坠胀感9天;既往体健。查体:贫血貌,全身皮肤散在片状瘀斑,四肢皮肤干燥;腹部柔软,无压痛及反跳痛。实验室检查:红细胞2.49×10^(12)/L,血小板36×10^(9)/L,血红蛋白70 g/L,血浆鱼精蛋白副凝固实验(+),D-二聚体>20 mg/L,纤维蛋白原降解产物>150.00 mg/L,糖类抗原12573.40 U/ml。

基于倾向性评分匹配的T_(4a)期胃癌腔镜辅助与开腹手术近期疗效的对比分析

目的:探讨T_(4a)期胃癌行腹腔镜辅助D2根治术的近期疗效。方法:采用倾向性评分匹配,分析2014年1月至2020年12月为T_(4a)期胃腺癌患者行D2淋巴结清扫的临床资料。将患者分为开腹组(n=362)与腹腔镜组(n=134),通过倾向性评分匹配对数据进行1∶1匹配,匹配容差设为0.03。最终获得两组病例各134例。比较两组手术情况、术后并发症、术后炎性指标变化及2年总生存率。结果:倾向性匹配后,两组基线资料具有可比性(P>0.05)。两组术后首次进食时间、住院时间、并发症情况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜组与开腹组手术时间[240(203.75,256.25)min vs.140(120,190)min,P<0.05]、术中出血量[200(100,300)mL vs.200(200,300)mL,P<0.05]、淋巴结清扫数量[20.5(17,27.25)vs.16(10,23),P<0.05]、切口长度[5(5,6)cm vs.12(10,15)cm,P<0.05]、术后排气时间[4(3,6)d vs.5(3,6)d,P<0.05]、术后下床活动时间[2(2,3)d vs.3(2,3)d,P<0.05]差异均有统计学意义。两组术前中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值、血小板-淋巴细胞比值、淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后血小板-淋巴细胞比值差异无统计学意义,腹腔镜组中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值低于开腹组,淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值高于开腹组,差异有统计学意义。开腹组与腹腔镜组术后2年总生存率为53.3%与48.3%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.211)。结论:对于T_(4a)期胃癌,腹腔镜手术后并发症发生率、2年生存率与开腹手术相当,但腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、美观、术后康复快的优势。

嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法在晚期胃癌中的应用进展

胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,当前我国胃癌就诊患者仍以进展期为主,晚期患者就诊时多已失去手术治疗的机会,而传统的放疗、化疗和靶向治疗效果并不理想。嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞(CAR-T)免疫疗法作为一种新的治疗手段,在血液系统恶性肿瘤中疗效显著,也为胃癌的免疫治疗开辟了新途径。然而,由于胃癌的异质性、肿瘤微环境免疫抑制、肿瘤靶抗原逃逸及脱靶毒性等问题,使得CAR-T免疫疗法在胃癌治疗中的应用存在挑战。本文综述了CAR的结构及CAR-T治疗原理、CAR-T治疗晚期胃癌的主要靶点及治疗现状,并探讨了CAR-T治疗胃癌面临的挑战,旨在为晚期胃癌的临床免疫治疗提供新思路。

661例胃癌患者临床病理特征分析

目的探讨新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的胃癌的临床病理特征。方法回顾性分析2019年5月至2023年4月该院收治的661例连续胃癌手术病例临床病理资料。统计分析年龄、性别、癌肿部位、pT分期、淋巴结转移及脉管癌栓、神经侵犯情况。结果661例胃癌病例中男性499例,女性162例。661例胃癌患者年龄多处于46岁~75岁之间,56岁~70岁为发病高峰,平均年龄为(63.03±9.07)岁,其中男性平均年龄为(63.23±8.95)岁,女性平均年龄为(62.42±9.44)岁。不同性别组年龄相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。癌肿部位以食管胃结合部腺癌为主(72.61%),不同性别组胃癌癌肿分布部位差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组织学类型以腺癌为主(98.18%);分化程度以低-中分化胃癌为主(88.65%)。胃癌T分期pT3组和pT4a组分别占39.49%和31.47%,随着pT分期的升高,淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管癌栓阳性率逐渐增高,其中,pT3组与pT2组相比,淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管癌栓阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃癌癌肿部位不同,淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管癌栓阳性率无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论该院收治的胃癌的临床病理特征如下:多见于中老年男性;以食管胃结合部腺癌为主;分化程度以低-中分化腺癌为主,且与胃癌的原发部位无关;T分期多为T3和T4a期;淋巴结转移、神经侵犯、脉管癌栓的发生与T分期呈正相关,但不同部位胃癌的淋巴结转移、神经侵犯和脉管癌栓发生无明显差异。

ADCY7、GPR86、GRIN2D、RGS4对胃癌前病变进展的预测价值

背景:目前临床上尚无有效预测胃癌前病变进展或筛查早期胃癌的生物学标志物。目的:研究腺苷酸环化酶7(ADCY7)、G蛋白偶联受体GPR86、N⁃甲基⁃D⁃天冬氨酸离子能谷氨酸受体2D(GRIN2D)、G蛋白信号调节因子4(RGS4)在不同胃黏膜病变中的表达及其对胃癌前病变进展的预测价值。方法:应用免疫组化法、real-time PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测ADCY7、GPR86、GRIN2D、RGS4在Correa级联各阶段(包括慢性非萎缩性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、低级别和高级别上皮内瘤变、黏膜层和黏膜下层早期胃癌)以及胃癌与相应癌旁组织间的表达差异。结果:ADCY7、GPR86、GRIN2D、RGS4在胃炎、上皮内瘤变、早期胃癌中的表达呈递增趋势,除GRIN2D在上皮内瘤变与早期胃癌中的表达无明显差异外,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。GPR86、GRIN2D mRNA和蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁>5 cm组织(P均<0.05);RGS4蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达高于癌旁>5 cm组织,其mRNA表达趋势则相反(P均<0.05);ADCY7仅蛋白表达在胃癌与癌旁>5 cm组织间差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:ADCY7、GPR86、GRIN2D、RGS4在Correa级联各阶段以及胃癌与相应癌旁组织间的表达变化提示其参与了胃癌前病变的发生、发展,可能具有预测胃癌前病变进展的价值。

吲哚菁绿标记近红外荧光腹腔镜胃癌根治术的应用研究

目的:探讨吲哚菁绿(ICG)在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中淋巴结定位及清扫的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2018年1月至2019年5月接受腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术的73例胃癌患者的临床资料。其中35例术前经ICG标记后行腹腔镜手术(ICG组),38例行常规腹腔镜胃癌根治术(对照组)。对比分析两组淋巴结清扫总数、手术时间、出血量、术后并发症及住院时间。结果:两组均顺利完成腹腔镜胃癌根治术。ICG组与对照组手术时间[(195.31±35.12)min vs.(201.48±36.57)min,P>0.05]、术中出血量[(90.58±18.27)mL vs.(92.44±20.25)mL,P>0.05]、术后排气时间[(3.25±1.35)d vs.(3.17±1.65)d,P>0.05]、术后住院时间[(12.55±3.25)d vs.(13.50±3.65)d,P>0.05]差异均无统计学意义。两组淋巴结清扫数量差异有统计学意义[(47.71±16.43)枚vs.(30.22±11.67)枚,P<0.05]。术后平均随访(27±13)个月,其中2例吻合口复发,予以手术切除,无死亡病例。结论:ICG成像技术方便、安全、有效,可确保淋巴结清扫的安全性、有效性,避免淋巴结残留。

血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22与晚期胃癌患者化疗敏感性的相关性分析

【目的】探讨血清微小RNA-345(miR-345)、miR-138及miR-22与晚期胃癌患者化疗敏感性的相关性。【方法】100例均接受同一化疗方案治疗的晚期胃癌患者,依据疗效分为有效组(n=69)及无效组(n=31),比较两组临床病理特征及血清相关指标,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22预测晚期胃癌化疗效果的价值,采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响患者化疗效果的因素。【结果】Ⅲ期患者的血清miR-345相对表达量低于Ⅳ期患者,miR-138及miR-22相对表达量高于Ⅳ期患者(P<0.05);有效组miR-345低于无效组,miR-138、miR-22高于无效组(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析证实,血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22能用于预测晚期胃癌的化疗效果,其敏感度与特异性分别为0.855、0.935、0.971、0.839和0.884、0.903(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病理分期为Ⅳ期、miR-345≥14.5、miR-138≤2及miR-22≤3.12为晚期胃癌患者化疗效果不佳的危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】血清miR-345≥14.5、miR-138≤2、miR-22≤3.12均为导致化疗效果不佳的危险因素,其可作为评估患者化疗效果的生物学标志物。

晚期胃癌患者预立医疗照护计划准备度现状及影响因素分析

目的调查晚期胃癌患者预立医疗照护计划准备度现状并分析影响因素。方法选取2023年3月-6月我院收治的晚期胃癌患者209例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、预立医疗照护计划准备度量表进行调查。结果晚期胃癌患者预立医疗照护计划准备度总分为(66.22±8.02)分,处于中等偏上水平;多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、病程、ECOG评分、文化程度是晚期胃癌患者预立医疗照护计划准备度的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论晚期胃癌患者预立医疗照护计划准备度处于中等偏上水平,医护人员应提高患者对ACP重要性的认识,同时关注年龄大、病程短、文化程度低、ECOG评分高的患者,促进预立医疗照护计划的普及应用。

Advances in the study of gastric organoids as disease models

Gastric organoids are models created in the laboratory using stem cells and sophisticated three-dimensional cell culture techniques.These models have shown great promise in providing valuable insights into gastric physiology and advanced disease research.This review comprehensively summarizes and analyzes the research advances in culture methods and techniques for adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids,and patient-derived organoids.The potential value of gastric organoids in studying the pathogenesis of stomach-related diseases and facilitating drug screening is initially discussed.The construction of gastric organoids involves several key steps,including cell extraction and culture,three-dimensional structure formation,and functional expression.Simulating the structure and function of the human stomach by disease modeling with gastric organoids provides a platform to study the mechanism of gastric cancer induction by Helicobacter pylori.In addition,in drug screening and development,gastric organoids can be used as a key tool to evaluate drug efficacy and toxicity in preclinical trials.They can also be used for precision medicine according to the specific conditions of patients with gastric cancer,to assess drug resistance,and to predict the possibility of adverse reactions.However,despite the impressive progress in the field of gastric organoids,there are still many unknowns that need to be addressed,especially in the field of regenerative medicine.Meanwhile,the reproducibility and consistency of organoid cultures are major challenges that must be overcome.These challenges have had a significant impact on the development of gastric organoids.Nonetheless,as technology continues to advance,we can foresee more comprehensive research in the construction of gastric organoids.Such research will provide better solutions for the treatment of stomach-related diseases and personalized medicine.

Construction and validation of a risk-prediction model for anastomotic leakage after radical gastrectomy: A cohort study in China

Objectives:Anastomotic leakage(AL)stands out as a prevalent and severe complication following gastric cancer surgery.It frequently precipitates additional serious complications,significantly influencing the overall survival time of patients.This study aims to enhance the risk-assessment strategy for AL following gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods:This study included a derivation cohort and validation cohort.The derivation cohort included patients who underwent radical gastrectomy at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,from January 1,2015 to December 31,2020.An evidence-based predictor questionnaire was crafted through extensive literature review and panel discussions.Based on the questionnaire,inpatient data were collected to form a model-derivation cohort.This cohort underwent both univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with AL events,and a logistic regression model with stepwise regression was developed.A 5-fold cross-validation ensured model reliability.The validation cohort included patients from August 1,2021 to December 31,2021 at the same hospital.Using the same imputation method,we organized the validation-queue data.We then employed the risk-prediction model constructed in the earlier phase of the study to predict the risk of AL in the subjects included in the validation queue.We compared the predictions with the actual occurrence,and evaluated the external validation performance of the model using model-evaluation indicators such as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC),Brier score,and calibration curve.Results:The derivation cohort included 1377 patients,and the validation cohort included 131 patients.The independent predictors of AL after radical gastrectomy included age65 y,preoperative albumin<35 g/L,resection extent,operative time240 min,and intraoperative blood loss90 mL.The predictive model exhibited a solid AUROC of 0.750(95%CI:0.694e0.806;p<0.001)with a Brier score of 0.049.The 5-fold cross-validation confirmed these findings with a calibrated C-index of 0.749 and an average Brier score of 0.052.External validation showed an AUROC of 0.723(95%CI:0.564e0.882;p?0.006)and a Brier score of 0.055,confirming reliability in different clinical settings.Conclusions:We successfully developed a risk-prediction model for AL following radical gastrectomy.This tool will aid healthcare professionals in anticipating AL,potentially reducing unnecessary interventions.

Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)immuno-therapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer(GC).However,PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors(PT).AIM To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases(LNM)of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent D2-gastrectomy.PD-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry(clone SP142)using the com-bined positive score.All PD-L1+PT staged as pN+were also tested for PD-L1 expression in their LNM.PD-L1(-)GC with pN+served as the comparison group.RESULTS Among 284 GC patients included,45 had PD-L1+PT and 24 of them had pN+.For comparison,44 PD-L1(-)cases with pN+were included(sample loss of 4 cases).Of the PD-L1+PT,54.2%(13/24 cases)were also PD-L1+in the LNM.Regarding PD-L1(-)PT,9.1%(4/44)had PD-L1+in the LNM.The agreement between PT and LNM had a kappa value of 0.483.Larger tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with PD-L1 positivity in both sites.There was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and LNM according to the PD-L1 status(P=0.166 and P=0.837,respectively).CONCLUSION Intra-patient heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression was observed between the PT and matched LNM.This disagreement in PD-L1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.

蛋白质琥珀酰化参与丁酸抑制胃癌细胞增殖及迁移的作用

目的:研究丁酸对胃癌细胞增殖及代谢的影响,并探讨其潜在作用机制。方法:使用5 mmol/L丁酸钠处理胃癌细胞48 h后,通过EdU染色及Transwell法检测细胞增殖、迁移情况;收集丁酸处理后的胃癌细胞,提取代谢物进行代谢组学分析筛选出其中显著富集的代谢通路以及上调的代谢物;采用Western blot以及细胞免疫荧光检测丁酸钠处理后胃癌细胞蛋白质琥珀酰化程度,同时采用RT-qPCR检测SIRT5、SUCLG1、SUCLG2和SUCLA2的mRNA水平。结果:丁酸钠处理48 h后胃癌细胞增殖被显著抑制,细胞中检测到三羧酸循环及氧化磷酸化等代谢通路显著富集,其中三羧酸循环代谢物L-苹果酸、琥珀酰辅酶A及延胡索酸显著上调(均P<0.05);Western blot和免疫荧光显示丁酸处理后胃癌细胞蛋白琥珀酰化水平上调(P<0.05)。同时RT-qPCR证实了丁酸处理上调了琥珀酰辅酶A合成酶编码基因SUCLG1、SUCLG2和SUCLA2的mRNA表达水平(均P<0.05),但并未影响SIRT5表达(P>0.05)。结论:丁酸能够抑制胃癌细胞增殖及迁移,其可能通过促进SUCLs表达以及上调琥珀酰辅酶A水平并进一步促进胃癌细胞蛋白质琥珀酰化实现。

miR-25靶向BAMBI基因调控TGF-β信号通路对胃癌细胞增殖和转移的影响

目的探讨miR-25靶向骨形成蛋白和激活素的跨膜抑制剂(BAMBI)基因调控转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)信号通路对胃癌细胞增殖和转移的影响。方法选取2022年1月至2023年1月新疆医科大学第二附属医院收治的胃癌患者作为研究对象。收集胃癌患者胃癌组织为胃癌组,同时收集癌旁组织(远离病灶2 cm)作为癌旁组,每组30个样本。采用RT-PCR检测miR-25基因的表达,蛋白质印迹法检测及免疫组织化学检测BAMBI、TGF-β蛋白表达情况。胃癌SGC-7901细胞株构建体外模型,通过转染miR-25抑制慢病毒载体构建细胞模型。并依据处理方法的不同,分为对照孔、miR-25干扰慢病毒组和miR-25-NC组,评估细胞的迁移、侵袭、增殖能力及凋亡水平,并检测BAMBI、TGF-β蛋白的相对表达水平。结果与癌旁组相比,病灶组中miR-25基因表达量升高,BAMBI、TGF-β蛋白表达量降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组、miR-25-NC组相比,miR-25干扰慢病毒组细胞迁移率、侵袭能力、细胞的增殖率降低,细胞的凋亡率升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组、miR-25干扰慢病毒组、miR-25-NC组中BAMBI表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,miR-25干扰慢病毒组中TGF-β表达量升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组与miR-25-NC组TGF-β表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胃癌组织中miR-25/BAMBI/TGF-β信号通路被激活,且miR-25/BAMBI/TGF-β信号通路的激活可促进胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭,并抑制凋亡凋亡,从而影响胃癌的预后发展。