Traumatic mating causes strict monandry in a wolf spider

DEAR EDITOR,We identified strict monandry in a wandering wolf spider species(Pardosa pseudoannulata) and revealed the underlying mechanisms of this mating structure. Evidence indicated that males damaged the inner walls of the female genital tract with the sharp part of their intromittent organ during insemination. The traumatic mating caused hemolymph hemorrhage, which mixed with seminal fluid and gradually formed an impermeable amorphous mating plug after about15 days, completely blocking the female copulatory opening.

关于Semistrict Preinvex函数的几个性质

给出了semistrictpreinvex函数与invex函数之间的关系以及semistrictpreinvex函数与strictprein vex函数之间的关系.

采用CONSORT声明和STRICTA评价针刺治疗抑郁相关睡眠障碍随机对照试验报告的质量

目的:采用国际公认的试验报告统一标准(CONSORT)和报告针刺临床试验中干预措施的国际标准(STRICTA),评价针刺治疗抑郁相关睡眠障碍随机对照试验(RCT)的质量。方法:系统检索Pub Med、SpringerLink、CNKI和万方4个数据库,文种限制为中文和英文,并追溯纳入文献的参考文献。由2位评价者根据纳入与排除标准独立进行文献筛选,使用NoteExpress3.2进行文献管理,再采用CONSORT声明和STRICTA标准进行报告质量评价。结果:最终纳入14篇文献。根据CONSORT条目,11篇描述了各组的基线情况和临床特征;8篇提及产生随机序列的方法;4篇分配方案隐藏充分;4篇采用盲法,且全部为单盲;提及样本含量计算和意向治疗(ITT)分析法的分别为1篇。根据STRICTA条目,13篇文献提及用针数目;8篇提及针具型号,10篇提及针刺深度;1篇文献报告了治疗师的资历。结论:针刺治疗抑郁相关睡眠障碍的随机对照试验的质量有待提高。

Prevention of esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have recently been accepted as less invasive methods for treating patients with early esophageal cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia of Barrett’s esophagus. However, the large defects in the esophageal mucosa often cause severe esophageal strictures, which dramatically reduce the patient’s quality of life. Although preventive endoscopic balloon dilatation can reduce dysphagia and the frequency of dilatation, other approaches are necessary to prevent esophageal strictures after ESD. This review describes several strategies for preventing esophageal strictures after ESD, with a particular focus on anti-inflammatory and tissue engineering approaches. The local injection of triamcinolone acetonide and other systemic steroid therapies are frequently used to prevent esophageal strictures after ESD. Tissue engineering approaches for preventing esophageal strictures have recently been applied in basic research studies. Scaffolds with temporary stents have been applied in five cases, and this technique has been shown to be safe and is anticipated to prevent esophageal strictures. Fabricated autologous oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets to cover the defective mucosa similarly to how commercially available skin products fabricated from epidermal cells are used for skin defects or in cases of intractable ulcers. Fabricated autologous oral-mucosal-epithelial cell sheets have already been shown to be safe.

SOME RESULTS ON GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS INVOLVING STRICTLY PSEUDOCONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS

In this paper,we consider an iterative sequence for generalized equilibrium problems and strictly pseudocontractive mappings.We show that the iterative sequence converges strongly to a common element of the solution set of generalized equilibrium problems and of the fixed point set of strictly pseudocontractive mappings.

ISHIKAWA ITERATIVE PROCEDURE FOR APPROXIMATING FIXED POINTS OF STRICTLY PSEUDOCONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS

It is shown that any fixed point of a Lipschitzian,strictly pseudocontractive muping T on a closed convex subset K of a Banach space X may be approximated by Ishikawa iterative procedure.The results in this paper provide the new convergence criteria and novel convergence rate estimate for Ishikawa iterative sequence.

Backstepping sliding mode control for uncertain strict-feedback nonlinear systems using neural-network-based adaptive gain scheduling

A neural-network-based adaptive gain scheduling backstepping sliding mode control（NNAGS-BSMC） approach for a class of uncertain strict-feedback nonlinear system is proposed.First, the control problem of uncertain strict-feedback nonlinear systems is formulated. Second, the detailed design of NNAGSBSMC is described. The sliding mode control（SMC） law is designed to track a referenced output via backstepping technique.To decrease chattering result from SMC, a radial basis function neural network（RBFNN） is employed to construct the NNAGSBSMC to facilitate adaptive gain scheduling, in which the gains are scheduled adaptively via neural network（NN）, with sliding surface and its differential as NN inputs and the gains as NN outputs. Finally, the verification example is given to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach. Contrasting simulation results indicate that the NNAGS-BSMC decreases the chattering effectively and has better control performance against the BSMC.

CONVERGENCE RATE ESTIMATE OF ISHIKAWA ITERATIVE SEQUENCE FOR STRICTLY PSEUDOCONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS

Itis shown that any fixed point of each Lipschitzian,strictly pseudocontractive map- ping T on a closed convex subset K of a Banach space X may be norm approximated by Ishikawa iterative procedure.The argument in this paper provides a convergence rate estimate. Moreover the resultin this paper improves,generalizes and summarizes some important and el- egant recent results

Singular integral on bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain

Kytmanov and Myslivets gave a special Cauchy principal value of the singular integral on the bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain with smooth boundary. By means of this Cauchy integral principal value, the corresponding singular integral and a composition formula are obtained. This composition formula is quite different from usual ones in form. As an application, the corresponding singular integral equation and the system of singular integral equations are discussed as well.

A NEW ITERATIVE METHOD FOR FINDING COMMON SOLUTIONS OF GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM,FIXED POINT PROBLEM OF INFINITE k-STRICT PSEUDO-CONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS,AND QUASI-VARIATIONAL INCLUSION PROBLEM

In this article, we introduce a hybrid iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of solutions for a generalized equilibrium problems, the set of common fixed point for a family of infinite k-strict pseudo-contractive mappings, and the set of solutions of the variational inclusion problem with multi-valued maximal monotone mappings and inverse-strongly monotone mappings in Hilbert space. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems are proved. Our results extends the recent results in G.L.Acedo and H.K.Xu [2], Zhang, Lee and Chan [8], Wakahashi and Toyoda [9], Takahashi and Takahashi [I0] and S. S. Chang, H. W. Joseph Lee and C. K. Chan [II], S.Takahashi and W.Takahashi [12]. Moreover, the method of proof adopted in this article is different from those of [4] and [12].

New Criteria for Judging Generalized Strictly Diagonally Dominant Matrix

Generalized strictly diagonally dominant matrices play a wide and important role in computational mathematics, mathematical physics, theory of dynamical systems, etc.But it is difficult to judge a matrix is or not generalized strictly diagonally dominant matrix.In this paper, by using the properties of α-chain diagonally dominant matrix, we obtain new criteria for judging generalized strictly diagonally dominant matrix, which enlarge the identification range.

A CHARACTERIZATION OF SCHECHTER'S ESSENTIAL SPECTRUM BY MEAN OF MEASURE OF NON-STRICT-SINGULARITY AND APPLICATION TO MATRIX OPERATOR

In this paper we use the notion of measure of non-strict-singularity to give some results on Fredholm operators and we establish a fine description of the Schechter essential spectrum of a closed densely defined linear operator.

Leader-Following Consensus of Nonlinear Strict-Feedback Multi-agent Systems

The distributed leader-following consensus for nonlinear multi-agent systems in strict-feedback forms is investigated under directed topology. Firstly, each follower node is modeled by an integrator incorporating with nonlinear dynamics. The leader node is modeled as an autonomous nonlinear system which sends its information to one or more followers. Then, a simple and novel distributed protocol is proposed based only on the state feedback, under which the states of the followers ultimately synchronize to the leader. By using Lyapunov stability theorem and matrix theory, it is proved that the distributed leader-following consensus of nonlinear multi-agent systems with strict-feedback form is guaranteed by Lipschitz continuous control laws. Finally, some numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the developed method.

PERIODICITY AND STRICT OSCILLATION FOR GENERALIZED LYNESS EQUATIONS

A generalized Lyness equation is investigated as follows x(n+1) = x(n)/(a + bx(n)) x(n-1), n = 0,1,2,..., (*) where a,b is an element of [0, infinity) with a + b > 0 and where the initial values x(-1),x(0) are arbitrary positive numbers. Same new results, mainly a necessary and sufficient condition for the periodicity of the solutions of Eq.(*) and a sufficient condition for the strict oscillation of all solutions of Eq (*), are obtained. As an application, the results solve an open problem presented by G. Ladas.

Strict Efficiency in Vector Optimization with Ic-cone-convexlike Set-valued Functions

An important property of ic-cone-convexlike set-valued functions is obtained in this paper. Under the assumption of ic-cone-convexlikeness, the scalarization theorem and the Lagrange multiplier theorem for strict efficient solution are derived, respectively.

SWHC-Strict Weak Hybrid Coherence Model for Pthread

DSM(SVM) is a memory model which was proposed at the 1980s'. DSM solved the problem thatscalability was contradict with easy programming and merge their merits. The efficiency of DSM is still aproblem. The proposed solutions include prefetching and adopting new coherence model, but neither ofthem is a perfect solution. Prefetch will be less efficient when there are too many false sharing. The weak, relaxed coherence model is quite different from sequential coherence which was assumed by mostprogrammers intuitively, so programming and debugging becomes very difficult. We have proposed StrictWeak Hybrid Coherence (SWHC) model which can eliminate false sharing and provide more temporal andspatial locality, we also provide a scheme to keep sequential coherent. But SWHC model is complicate, asimplified model for Pthread share memory parallel computing model is proposed in the paper.

ITERATIVE METHODS FOR OBTAINING AN INFINITE FAMILY OF STRICT PSEUDO-CONTRACTIONS IN BANACH SPACES

In this paper,we introduce a general hybrid iterative method to find an infinite family of strict pseudo-contractions in a q-uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space.Moreover,we show that the sequence defined by the iterative method converges strongly to a common element of the set of fixed points,which is the unique solution of the variational inequality<(λφ−νF)z,jq(z−z)>≤0,for z∈⋂_(i=1)^(∞)Γ(S_(i)).The results introduced in our work extend to some corresponding theorems.

Forge AHEAD with stricter criteria in future trials of embolic stroke of undetermined source

What lurks within the crypt?With more than 200 known causes of is chemic stroke(Saver,2016),what should be the minimum work up?Many centers offer high-resolution brain imaging and vessel studies,telemetry monitoring for atrial fibrillation(AF),trans-thoracic and transesophageal echocardiography.

Dissociation Temperature of Strictly Confined Charmonium States

We study the dissociation of strictly confined charmonium states at finite temperature.The strict confinement constraint to the Cornell potential leads to a 10%higher J/(φ)dissociation temperature and in turn a weaker J/(φ)suppression in relativistic heavy ion collisions.

Species Composition and Diversity of Insects of the Kogyae Strict Nature Reserve in Ghana

Kogyae Strict Nature Reserve, the only one in Ghana, was established to promote scientific research, particularly on how nature revitalizes itself after major disasters, and also to check the southward drift of the savannah grassland. This study presents the first comprehensive inventory of species composition and diversity of insects of the Reserve. Insects were surveyed between September 2011 and June 2012 to capture the end of the rainy season, the dry season and the peak of the wet season. Samples were taken from two sites within the Reserve, Dagomba and Oku using various sampling techniques including pitfall traps, malaise traps and sweep nets. Insect communities were characterized in terms of, 1) species richness estimators, 2) species richness, 3) Shannon-Weiner Index of Diversity, 4) Pielou’s evenness and 5) Bray-Curtis similarity. A total of 8147 individuals representing 135 families from 21 orders were recorded. This included 107 species of butterflies from 9 families and 20 species of dragonflies from 3 families. Oku recorded the highest species numbers (S = 63) and richness (d = 12.16) with a high evenness of species (J = 0.9377) during the peak of the wet season;and the lowest species numbers (S = 58) and Margalef’s index of (d = 10.14) in January. The highest Shannon diversity index of (H = 3.927) was recorded at Dagomba in January.