Frequency-selective microwave polarization rotator using substrate-integrated waveguide cavities

A frequency selective polarization rotator that can rotate the polarization angle of an incident electromagnetic wave at the microwave frequency by 45 is presented. The polarization rotator is based on a two-dimensional periodic array of substrate integrated waveguide cavities, realizing the polarization rotation by coupling the input signal to the output wave through three metallic slots. Two layers of frequency selective surfaces are cascaded by substrate and form the polarization rotator. A vertical slot on the top layer is used to select the horizontal polarization from the incident wave, the vertical and the horizontal slots on the bottom layer are, respectively, used to obtain horizontally and vertically polarized outgoing waves. The two orthogonal outgoing waves are combined to result in the 45~ polarized wave. Both full wave simulation and experimental measurement are carried out, together validating the proposed method.

Millimeter wave dielectric loaded exponentially tapered slot antenna array using substrate integrated waveguide for gigabit wireless communications

A new and upcoming application is the use of 60 GHz antennas for high date rate point-to-point connections to serve Gigabit(Gi-Fi)w ireless communications.The design of M illimeter w ave(M m W)antennas has to cope w ith the unadorned influences of manufacturing tolerances and losses at 60 GHz.In this paper,the concept of Substrate Integrated Waveguide(SIW)and Exponentially Tapered Slot(ETS)antenna w ere used together to design a high gain,efficient planar dielectric loaded antenna for M m W Gi-Fi w ireless communications at 60 GHz.The SIW is used to feed the antenna and a dielectric is utilized in front of the antenna to increase the gain.The dielectric loaded ETS antenna and compact SIW feed w ere fabricated on a single substrate,resulting in low cost and easy fabrication.The antenna w ith elliptical shaped dielectric loaded w as fabricated using printed circuit board process.The measured gain of the single element antenna is 10.2 dB,w hile the radiation efficiency of 96.84%is obtained at 60 GHz.The Y-junction SIW pow er divider is used to form a 1×4 array structure.M easured gain of the 1×4 array antenna is 13.3 dB,w hile the measured radiation pattern and gain are almost constant w ithin the w ide bandw idth of the antenna.

Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Monopulse Slot Antenna Arrays for 60 GHz Applications

Monopulse slot antenna arrays based on substrate integrated waveguide （SIW） are proposed for the application of 60 GHz mono- pulse tracking systems in this paper. The sum-difference monopulse comparator can provide a high amplitude and phase balance over wide frequency band and no phase delay technique is required for the difference channel. Resonant slot antennas are adopted as the radiating elements since they can be integrated with the sum-difference monopulse comparator in a single layer with a compact size. Two monopulse arrays with 2× 4 and 4×4 slot elements are designed, fabricated, and measured. Measured results show that the proposed antenna arrays have wide bandwidth covering the unlicensed 60-GHz band. The peak sum beam gain is 13.85 dBi for the 2 ×4 element array and 16.24 dBi for the 4×4 element array. The peak difference beam gain is 11.20 dBi for the 2×4 element array and 12.11 dBi for the 4×4 element array and the maximum null depth can reach -40 dB.

High gain and circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide cavity antenna array based on metasurface

Two substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) cavity antenna arrays based on metasurface are proposed in this paper. By rotating the metasurface element, circularly polarized and high gain antennas are achieved respectively. Firstly, multi-mode resonance theory is employed to broaden the bandwidth of the slot antenna. And then, an SIW cavity composed of 4×4 cornercut elements is added on the top of the slot antenna to achieve the circular polarization and improve the front-to-back ratio. Thirdly, the metasurface elements are sequentially rotated and a high gain antenna with 2-dBi enhancement on average in the operation band is obtained. Based on the two antenna units, two 2×2 antenna arrays are designed. The circularly polarized and high gain antenna arrays are both fabricated to verify the correctness. Furthermore, the novel wideband phase shifter is employed in the circularly polarized antenna to obtain an operating bandwidth of 38%(4.05 GHz–5.95 GHz)and AR bandwidth of 24.9%(4.4 GHz–5.65 GHz). The bandwidth of the high gain antenna can reach 42.7%(3.95 GHz–6.1 GHz) and with the gain enhancement of 2 dBi compared with that of the circularly polarized antenna. The gain remains steady in most of operating band within a variation of 1 dBi. It is remarkable that the rotating of the metasurface element has a great influence on the antenna performance, which provides a new explication for the multi-function antenna design.

A multi-frequency circularly polarized metasurface antenna array based on quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide for sub-6 applications

A miniaturized multi-frequency circularly polarized array is designed in this paper.The antenna array is composed of three independent sub-arrays employing modified quarter-mode substrate ntegrated aveguide(QMSIW)to achieve three circularly polarized frequency bands.By introducing strip-slot,the impedance bandwidth of the antenna array is broadened while the dimension is decreased by 75%to realize miniaturization.Meanwhile,metasurface causes the impedance bandwidth of the sub-array to be further enhanced.Moreover,the metal vias are employed in the antenna array design to further achieve miniaturization.The antenna array is manufactured and measured to verify the design.Both the measured and simulated results display that the array achieves the impedance bandwidths of 10%,11.7%,and 14.8%and axial ratio bandwidths of 8.8%,8.0%,and 8.5%at 2.5,3.5,and 4.8 GHz,respectively.The gain is stable in the operating band within an uncertainty of 0.7 d Bi.The whole dimension is 0.92λ×0.63λ×0.04λ,whereλ_(0) is the wavelength at the lowest resonant frequency.Furthermore,the simple structure and miniaturization provides great convenience in sub-6 applications.

A Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Filtenna for X and Ku Band Application

In this paper Substrate Integrated Waveguide-basedfiltenna operating at Ku band is proposed.The model is designed on a low loss dielectric substrate having a thickness of 0.508 mm and comprises of shorting vias along two edges of the substrate walls.To realize a bandpassfilter,secondary shorting vias are placed close to primary shorting vias.The dimension and position of the vias are carefully analyzed for Ku band frequencies.The model is fabricated on Roger RT/duroid 5880 and the performance characteristics are measured.The proposed model achieves significant impedance characteristics with wider bandwidth in the Ku band.The model also achieves a maximum gain of 7.46 dBi in the operating band thus making it suitable for Ku-band applications.Substrate Integrated Waveguide(SIW)Structures possess most of the advantages over conventional radiofrequency waveguides since they have high power management capacity with self-consistent electrical shielding.The most noteworthy advantage of SIW,it can able to integrate all the components on the same substrate,both passive and active components.

Design of Dual-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Band-Pass Filters

Three dual-mode band-pass filters are presented in the present paper. The first filter is realized by dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity;the second is based on the integration of SIW cavity with electromagnetic band gap (EBG);and the third is based on the integration of SIW cavity with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR). The dual-mode SIW cavity is designed to have a fractional bandwidth of 4.95% at the midband frequency of 9.08 GHz;the proposed EBG-SIW resonator operates at 9.12 GHz with a bandwidth of 4.38% and the CSRR-SIW resonator operates at 8.66 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.54%. The proposed filters have the high Q-factors and generate a transmission zero in upper stopband, and these by the use of Rogers RT/duriod 5880 (tm).

Metamaterial beam scanning leaky-wave antenna based on quarter mode substrate integrated waveguide structure

In this paper, we first propose a metamaterial structure by etching the same two interdigital fingers on the upper ground of quarter mode substrate integrated waveguide（QMSIW）. The simulated results show that the proposed QMSIWbased metamaterial has a continuous phase constant changing from negative to positive values within its passband. A periodic leaky-wave antenna（LWA）, which consists of 11 QMSIW-based metamaterial unit cells, is designed, fabricated,and measured. The measured results show that the fabricated antenna achieves a continuous beam scanning property from backward-43° to forward ＋32° over an operating frequencyrange of 8.9 GHz–11.8 GHz with return loss better than 10 d B.The measured antenna gain keeps consistent with the variation of less than 2 d B over the operating frequency range with a maximum gain of 12 d B. Besides, the measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other, indicating the significance and effectiveness of this method.

一种V波段SIW插槽嵌套喇叭天线的设计

针对传统毫米波雷达体积大、带宽不足以及增益较低等问题,设计了一种V波段基片集成波导(Substrate Integrated Waveguide, SIW)插槽嵌套喇叭天线。该天线将传统SIW结构进行喇叭状等效设计,通过金属层插槽和喇叭嵌套的方式对天线的电磁辐射进行控制及优化。采用HFSS软件对天线的中心频率、带宽、增益、最大反射系数及尺寸进行了仿真验证实验。结果表明,所设计天线中心频率为60 GHz,阻抗带宽为14.5 GHz,最大反射系数为-37.03 dB,增益为9.78 dBi,且天线的尺寸较小,为35 mm×10.2 mm×1.88 mm。

SIW-SSPP集成混合电路小型化圆极化漏波天线设计

基片集成波导(Substrate integrated waveguide,SIW)具有低插入损耗、高品质因数等优点,已被广泛应用于微波电路和系统的设计中。然而,SIW横向尺寸较大,限制了其在小型化紧凑型微波电路和系统中的应用。本文提出了一种人工表面等离激元(Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton,SSPP)与SIW技术相结合的设计思路,实现小型化的集成混合电路。通过混合由金属化盲孔和金属贴片组成的三维集成SSPP结构,代入慢波效应,显著降低了单元结构的上限和下限截止频率。通过色散特性理论分析和全波电磁场仿真,证明了该SIW-SSPP集成混合电路可实现传输线30%的横向长度和50%的纵向长度缩减。进一步,通过在SIW-SSPP混合电路结构顶部蚀刻正交辐射结构,设计了小型化超宽带圆极化漏波天线。结果表明:该天线在11.2~17 GHz的工作频带内,回波损耗小于-10 dB,S21小于-6 dB,11.2~16.2 GHz频段内轴比小于3 dB,增益范围在10~15 dBic,具有从后向空间(-27°)到前向空间(+30°)的连续扫描性能。该设计方法为高性能、紧凑型微波、毫米波和太赫兹系统的开发设计提供了新思路。

Single-cavity triangular substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter with complementary triangular split ring resonator

A novel single-cavity equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide(TSIW) bandpass filter(BPF) with a complementary triangular split ring resonator(CTSRR) is designed in this paper. A metallic via-hole is used to split the degenerate modes and adjust the transmission zeros(TZs) properly. Meanwhile, the CTSRR is utilized as a resonator to work together with the degenerate modes of the TSIW cavity. The resonant frequency of the CTSRR can be adjusted by its own size. Meanwhile, a TZ is observed in the lower band due to the CTSRR. Finally, a 16% 3 dB fractional bandwidth(FBW) triple-mode TSIW BPF with three TZs in both lower and upper bands is simulated, fabricated, and measured. There is a good agreement between the simulated and measured ones.

基于HMSIW的小型化三模带通滤波器设计

传统的多模谐振器引入多个谐振器,并利用其中两个甚至多个谐振模式来组合构建滤波器通带,但由于其谐振器个数较多而在射频系统中占用了较大的空间。为此,本文提出了基于半圆形半模基片集成波导(HMSIW)的三模带通滤波器,通过引入金属化过孔来扰动半圆形HMSIW谐振腔的谐振模式的电场分布,使得对应的谐振模式的频率也会随之发生偏移,进而使原本谐振频率相差较大的三个谐振模式的频率逐渐靠近,最终组合形成滤波器的通带。该设计无需引入额外的谐振器,能够实现滤波器尺寸减半甚至成倍减少,从而达成小型化的目的。

A Compact PSOAM Antenna Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide

With no dark zone in the propagation path and the same divergence angles,different plane spiral orbital angular momentum(PSOAM)beams can be superposed easily in the transverse plane.In this paper,a stacked resonator antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide is proposed,which is a compact planar waveguide structure.To obtain the structured EM wave which is superposed by the PSOAM waves(3;4;5;6)at 10 GHz,eight ring resonators are placed symmetrically on the two sides of the center plane and excited simultaneously.Simulation results,including distributions of the electric field,far-field results and purity analysis,are given,indicating that PSOAM beams can be generated with good performances.By controlling the initial phases of different PSOAM waves,beam steering can be realized with the same radiation patterns,which has great potentials in communication and radar detection.

Ku频段小型化SIW滤波器的设计

本文对频带范围在Ku频段的小型化SIW滤波器进行了研究,采用了等效磁壁切割的方法获得四分之一模基片集成波导来满足小型化需求;根据不同的等效磁壁切割的方式可以得到两种不同的QMSIW结构,即三角形QMSIW结构与矩形QMSIW结构,然后对两种不同结构的QMSIW滤波器进行了研究;针对所设计QMSIW滤波器带外抑制能力不高的问题,采用在QMSIW谐振腔中加载互补开口谐振环达到提高带外抑制的目的;应用电磁仿真软件对提出的两种不同结构的QMSIW滤波器仿真模拟,得到结果:加载CSRR的矩形QMSIW结构滤波器的通带范围为14.94~16.02 GHz,相对带宽为6.97%,插入损耗优于0.6 dB,回波损耗优于15 dB,带外抑制优于35 dB@19~20 GHz,尺寸为0.2×0.314λ^(2) _(g);加载CSRR的三角形QMSIW结构滤波器的通带范围为14.89~16.11 GHz,相对带宽为7.87%,插入损耗优于0.6 dB,回波损耗优于17.2 dB,带外抑制优于40 dB@19~20 GHz,尺寸为0.27×0.27λ^(2) _(g)。两款加载CSRR结构的QMSIW滤波器均采用氧化铝薄膜工艺加工并用GSG探针进行测试,经实际测验发现,测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合,符合预期。

适用于WLAN 5G频段的SIW带通滤波器设计

射频前端设备作为无线局域网(WLAN)的组建设备之一,其上采用的传统腔体滤波器体积大,质量重,不利于设备的小型化及轻量化发展。本文根据基片集成波导(SIW)理论,设计并实现了一款SIW带通滤波器,其不仅结合了共面波导的微带转换结构来降低损耗,且在背面蚀刻了四个哑铃型的缺陷地结构(DGS)来改善性能,可用于WLAN的5G频段且体积仅有一枚硬币大小,弥补了腔体滤波器的不足,实物测试结果验证了设计的有效性及可行性。

基于电磁混合耦合的SIW宽阻带带通滤波器设计

为实现阻带一段范围内依然具有良好的抑制能力,提出了电磁混合耦合的基片集成波导(Substrate Integrated Waveguide,SIW)宽阻带带通滤波器(Bandpass Filter,BPF)。根据模式的本征抑制和电磁混合耦合理论,合理地设置外部馈电端口、内部耦合窗口及内部耦合圆孔阵列,抑制了频率低于TE_(105)和TE_(501)之前的所有高次模,并且使得工作模式TE101电耦合很好地传输。仿真与实测结果均显示,该滤波器的中心频率f_(0)=5.94 GHz,插入损耗为−3.46 dB,相对带宽为2.44%,当阻带宽度延伸至3.85 f0时,抑制深度优于20 dB。与经典的四阶SIW宽阻带带通滤波器相比,拥有相同的带宽时,该双层层叠的方式更加紧凑,有利于集成到微波电路系统中。

基于EBG的四模双频HMSIW带通滤波器仿真设计

为了解决频谱资源紧张的问题,提出了一种基于电磁带隙结构(Electromagnetic bandgap structure,EBG)的四模双频半模基片集成波导(Half-mode substrate integrated waveguide,HMSIW)带通滤波器。该滤波器由一个HMSIW腔、EBG结构和四个扰动金属化过孔组成。EBG结构被蚀刻在HMSIW腔的顶部金属层上以改变腔内的模态分布,TE101和TE102模式的谐振频率形成第一个通带,TE201和TE202模式的谐振频率形成第二个通带。基于上述的分析,设计、制作并测量了一个中心频率分别为5.21 GHz和7.58 GHz的四模双频带通滤波器,相对带宽分别为9%和8%,低频带与高频带的最小插入损耗分别为0.57 dB和0.95 dB,两个通带损耗分别在−16 dB和−11 dB以下,同时在两个通带实现了两个传输零点,极大地增强了两个通带之间的隔离度,设计的滤波器尺寸为0.46λ_(g)×0.46λ_(g),测量结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了该方法的可实施性。

一种基于SIW技术的滤波天线设计方法

文中基于基片集成波导(SIW)技术提出了一种滤波天线设计方法。首先根据传统耦合矩阵综合法设计出SIW滤波器,然后结合半模基片集成波导(HMSIW)技术设计出滤波天线。该方法简单有效,并且能够额外引入一个传输零点,使滤波天线的频率选择性得以提高。文中以三阶滤波天线为例,验证该方法的有效性。基于TE 101模式,使用两个SIW腔和一个HMSIW腔形成三阶滤波响应,SIW谐振腔用作高Q谐振器,HMSIW谐振腔同时作为辐射腔。实测的中心频率为6.52 GHz,-10 dB带宽为7.4%(6.26 GHz~6.74 GHz)。通带内实测增益基本处于5 dBi,且在下阻带产生了一个传输零点,有效地提高了滤波天线在低频处的频率选择性。实测结果与仿真结果吻合较好,验证了设计方法的有效性。

基于齿状缺陷地的宽阻带交叉耦合SIW滤波器

提出了一种齿状缺陷地低通传输线结构,该低通传输线由多级齿状缺陷地构成,通过调节齿状缺陷地枝节长度,可以有效调节低通和阻带频率范围。利用该齿状缺陷地结构,级联交叉耦合扇形基片集成波导(SIW)滤波器,该文设计了一款高带外抑制的宽阻带滤波器,与传统SIW带通滤波器相比,其矩形系数K 40 dB=2,阻带范围大于2倍的中心频率,具有较好的通带和阻带选择特性。测试结果表明,滤波器的中心频率为10.35 GHz,3 dB和40 dB带宽分别为507 MHz和1.05 GHz,插入损耗优于1.47 dB,与仿真结果基本一致。

硅基双层SIW结构毫米波MEMS滤波器

基于MEMS工艺设计并制作了一种小型化毫米波滤波器,该滤波器采用硅基双层SIW的结构形式。理论分析计算了滤波器的结构参数,并使用三维电磁场分析软件HFSS对该结构进行了模拟仿真。设计得到了中心频率f0为31.2 GHz、插入损耗为1.1 dB、1 dB带宽大于1 GHz、中心频率f0±3 GHz处抑制大于40 dB、芯片尺寸为4.6 mm×3.1 mm×0.8 mm的MEMS毫米波滤波器。给出了一套基于MEMS工艺的双层SIW结构毫米波MEMS滤波器的制作流程,实现了硅基双层SIW结构毫米波MEMS滤波器的工艺制作及测试。测试结果表明,获得的MEMS毫米波滤波器的测试结果与仿真结果基本一致。