Swelling Index of Glutenin (SIG) Related to Protein Quality, DoughCharacters and Noodle Quality

The swelling index of glutenin (SIG) and the protein fraction of 25 Chinese wheat varieties were studied with new protein fractions extracting method. The protein fractions compose of monomeric protein, soluble glutenin and insoluble glutenin. The relations between other protein index, dough character, and fresh noodle quality were also discussed. The SIG results at different time is positively and highly significantly related to the insoluble glutenin content (r= 0.808 -0.867, P< 0.01). The SIG result can reflect the insoluble glutenin content. The protein content, gluten index, farinograph stability time, extensibility length and extensigram energy were positively and significantly correlated with SIG5 and SIG20 (r= 0.516 - 0.734, P<0.05, 0.01).SIG proved to be applicable in Chinese wheat dough evaluation. Fresh noodle making quality parameters were evaluated by fresh noodle length, thickness, maximum resistance to extension, extension area and extension distance, while cooked noodle texture was determined by cutting firmness, compression recovery, surface firmness and TPA by using a texture analyzer of TA.XT2i. The noodle cooking quality was significantly correlated with SIG value. The surface firmness and cutting firmness were more desirable for predicating the quality difference than TPA test and compression. Cooking loss and water absorption were negatively related to SIG value and insoluble content (r = -0.556 - - 0.787, P < 0.05, 0.01). The results showed that SIG test was also suitable in evaluating noodle making and cooking quality in very small sample size, which was very important in wheat breeding programs. Therefore, SIG test, as a small scale test, is suitable to evaluate dough rheological properties for Chinese wheat varieties, and will be helpful in cereal research and wheat breeding program, especially, in early generations.

The long-term trend of the sea surface wind speed and the wave height (wind wave, swell, mixed wave) in global ocean during the last 44 a

Utilizing the 45 a European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts （ECMWF） reanalysis wave da- ta （ERA-40）, the long-term trend of the sea surface wind speed and （wind wave, swell, mixed wave） wave height in the global ocean at grid point 1.5°× 1.5° during the last 44 a is analyzed. It is discovered that a ma- jority of global ocean swell wave height exhibits a significant linear increasing trend （2-8 cm/decade）, the distribution of annual linear trend of the significant wave height （SWH） has good consistency with that of the swell wave height. The sea surface wind speed shows an annually linear increasing trend mainly con- centrated in the most waters of Southern Hemisphere westerlies, high latitude of the North Pacific, Indian Ocean north of 30°S, the waters near the western equatorial Pacific and low latitudes of the Atlantic waters, and the annually linear decreasing mainly in central and eastern equator of the Pacific, Juan. Fernandez Archipelago, the waters near South Georgia Island in the Atlantic waters. The linear variational distribution characteristic of the wind wave height is similar to that of the sea surface wind speed. Another find is that the swell is dominant in the mixed wave, the swell index in the central ocean is generally greater than that in the offshore, and the swell index in the eastern ocean coast is greater than that in the western ocean inshore, and in year-round hemisphere westerlies the swell index is relatively low.

Analysis of the Global Swell Distributions Using ECMWF Re-Analyses Wind Wave Data

The existence of three well-defined tongue-shaped zones of swell dominance,termed as 'swell pools',in the Pacific,the Atlantic and the Indian Oceans,was reported by Chen et al.(2002)using satellite data.In this paper,the ECMWF Re-analyses wind wave data,including wind speed,significant wave height,averaged wave period and direction,are applied to verify the existence of these swell pools.The swell indices calculated from wave height,wave age and correlation coefficient are used to identify swell events.The wave age swell index can be more appropriately related to physical processes compared to the other two swell indices.Based on the ECMWF data the swell pools in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans are confirmed,but the expected swell pool in the Indian Ocean is not pronounced.The seasonal variations of global and hemispherical swell indices are investigated,and the argument that swells in the pools seemed to originate mostly from the winter hemisphere is supported by the seasonal variation of the averaged wave direction.The northward bending of the swell pools in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans in summer is not revealed by the ECMWF data.The swell pool in the Indian Ocean and the summer northward bending of the swell pools in the Pacific and the Atlan-tic Oceans need to be further verified by other datasets.

Study of Mutual Improvement of Completed Weathered Phyllite and Red Clay Based on Neutralization Effects of Swelling and Shrinkage Deformation

Completely weathered phyllite(CWP)soil is a kind of special soil with high swell potential,while red clay is a special soil with high shrinkage.This means that these two kinds of special soils are usually not suitable for direct use as subgrade fill.To reduce the swell index of the CWP soil and the shrinkage of red clay at the same time,it was proposed to blend the CWP soil with red clay to improve their basic characteristics.A series of swell index tests and dry-wet cycle tests of the blended soils have been carried out at varying blending ratios,compaction coefficients and moisture contents.The test results show that the free swell index of the blended soil decreases with the increase of red clay,moisture content and compaction coefficient,respectively.The fissure density of the blended soil first decreases and then increases with the blending ratio,with the lowest being zero when the blending ratio is ranging from 20%to 40%.Through particle microscopic analysis and elemental composition analysis,it is found that the neutralization effect,the dilution effect of swell minerals,and the partition effect of coarse particles play an important role in restraining expansion and shrinkage deformation of the blended soil.Based on the liquid limit requirement of Chinese Railway Design Code(TB 10001-2016),the optimal blending ratio of red clay has been proposed to be 50%.Compared with the CWP soil,the free load swell index of the blended soil is reduced by 45.0%and the fissure density is reduced by 99.3%compared with that of red clay.Therefore,it is feasible to improve the CWP soil by blending it with red clay at an optimal ratio of 50%by using the neutralization effect of the expansion of CWP and shrinkage of red clay.

Swelling characteristics of East-Africa black cotton soil based on computer molecular simulation

Black cotton soil in East Africa is not a stable engineering material for highway and railroad projects. Its strong swelling potential when it absorbs water causes distresses in subgrade of highway and railroad, and thus leads to failures of the projects. This paper presents study on the swelling characteristics of black cotton soil in East Africa. Lab tests were conducted to obtain its basic engineering properties, and the results show that black cotton soil contains high amount of montmorillonite and exchangeable cations and is strong expansive soil. Molecular modelling was exploited to further investigate water absorption ability of montmorillonite. Three different molecular models of montmorillonite were constructed and used for simulations, among which Types I and II montmorillonite represent the expansive soil montmorillonite in China, and Types II and III montmorillonite represent black cotton soil montmorillonite in East Africa. The results showed that the interlayer cations of Type III montmorillonite possessed the strongest water absorption ability based on analysis of radial distribution function(RDF) of cations. Interlayer compensatory cations of Na+ enhance the hydration ability of the other major cations, thus resulting in the strong swelling potential of East-Africa black cotton soil.

Effect of B2O3 addition on oxidation induration and reduction swelling behavior of chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite pellets with simulated coke oven gas

The oxidation induration and reduction swelling behavior of the chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite pellets (CVTP) with B2O3 addition were investigated. Besides, the reduction swelling index (RSI) and compressive strength (CS) of the reduced CVTP were also examined using the simulated coke oven gas (COG). The results suggested that the CS of CVTP was increased from 2448 to 3819.2 N, while the porosity of CVTP was decreased from 14.86% to 10.03% with the increase in B2O3 addition amounts. Moreover, the B2O3 mainly existed in the forms of TiB0.024O2 and Fe3BO5 in both CVTP and the reduced CVTP. Specifically, the CS of the reduced CVTP was elevated from 901 to 956.2 N, while the RSI was reduced from 5.87% to 3.81% as the B2O3 addition amounts were increased. Taken together, B2O3 addition would facilitate the aggregation and diffusion of metallic iron particles, which contributed to reducing the formation of metal iron whiskers and weakening the reduction swelling behavior.

Effect of dolomite on reduction swelling property of iron ore pellets

The effect of various dosages of dolomites on the reduction swelling property of iron ore pellets was studied. Experimental results show that the reduction swelling index(RSI) decreases from 13.35% to 4.0%, while the porosity of roasted pellets increases from 35% to 40% with increasing the dolomite dosage from 0 to 10.5%. Meanwhile, the content of magnesium ferrite with high melting temperature, as well as the stability of magnetite(Fe3 O4) in the roasted pellets, increases with increasing the magnesium oxide(MgO) content from dolomite. The reasons for the decrease of RSI rely on the absence of crystal transformation from Fe2 O3 to Fe3 O4, the increased porosity of roasted pellet, and the suppression of phase transition of 2CaO·SiO2 resulted from the incorporation of magnesium into calcium silicate.

Diffusion Characteristics of Swells in the North Indian Ocean

Research on the diffusion characteristics of swells contributes positively to wave energy forecasting, swell monitoring, and early warning. In this work, the South Indian Ocean westerly index(SIWI) and Indian Ocean swell diffusion effect index(IOSDEI) are defined on the basis of the 45-year(September 1957–August 2002) ERA-40 wave reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) to analyze the impact of the South Indian Ocean westerlies on the propagation of swell acreage. The following results were obtained: 1) The South Indian Ocean swell mainly propagates from southwest to northeast. The swell also spreads to the Arabian Sea upon reaching low-latitude waters. The 2.0-meter contour of the swell can reach northward to Sri Lankan waters. 2) The size of the IOSDEI is determined by the SIWI strength. The IOSDEI requires approximately 2–3.5 days to fully respond to the SIWI. The correlations between SIWI and IOSDEI show obvious seasonal differences, with the highest correlations found in December–January–February(DJF) and the lowest correlations observed in June–July–August(JJA). 3) The SIWI and IOSDEI have a common period of approximately 1 week in JJA and DJF. The SIWI leads by approximately 2–3 days in this common period.

Impact of Swelling Indices of Sokoto Clays on the Moulding Properties of the Clays in Sand Mixtures

The Impact of Swelling Indices of Sokoto Clays on the Moulding Properties of the Clays in Sand Mixtures was investi- gated. Four clays (labeled A, B, C, D) from different locations in Sokoto state of Nigeria were sampled. The sampling method was that for each deposit five samples were taken at different positions and then mixed together. At the labora- tory they were washed to remove organic matter and then dried at 110°C in the oven. A laboratory ball mill was used to grind the dried clays. Each of the clay was then sampled for the determination of its swelling index. The determination of the moulding properties of the clays then followed. Only green compression strength, dry compression strength and green permeability, moulding properties were determined. The analysis of the result revealed that clay B has the highest green and dry strength values it had the highest green compression strength of 71.7 KN/m2 and the highest dry com- pression strength of 3225.75 KN/m2. Clay B also has the highest swelling index of 60% and very high degree of expan- siveness when compared to the other three clays. Clay B was followed by clay A with swelling index of 25%;the clay has high green and dry compression strength and a moderate degree of expansiveness. The inability of clay D with swelling index of 40% to be the next clay to clay B which has the highest swelling index of 60% among the four clays in terms of good moulding properties is an indication that high swelling index does not always mean good moulding properties in clay binders.

Swelling behavior of hot preheated pellets in reduction roasting process

One kind of facile coal-based direct reduction process is using hot preheated pellets for reduction in grate kiln. In this work, effects of reduction parameters on swelling index of hot preheated pellets were investigated by photographic technique under isothermal conditions. Experimental results show that swelling index of pellets is firstly increased then gradually decreased with increasing reduction time, while that is found to be an obvious decrease from 175 % to 30% with the variation of temperature from 900℃ to 1100℃. Results of XRD combined with SEM reveal that swelling behavior of pellets is decided by structure of newly formed metal iron grains. The formation and growth of fibers iron grains promote the increase in volume. Low temperature and low CO content are favored to the formation and orientated growth of metal iron grains in the one step process.

侵蚀性淋滤液作用下HPMC改性膨润土的防渗性能

使用羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)对天然钠基膨润土进行改性,以提高其对侵蚀性淋滤液的防渗性能.开展渗透试验和膨胀指数试验,以5000mg/L的Cu SO_(4)和0.5mol/L的H_(2)SO_(4)模拟侵蚀性淋滤液,研究侵蚀性溶液对HPMC改性膨润土的渗透系数和膨胀指数的影响.渗透试验结果表明:CuSO_(4)溶液作用下,添加2%和5%的HPMC可使膨润土的渗透系数降低32.28%~77.40%;而H_(2)SO_(4)溶液作用下,添加2%和5%的HPMC可使膨润土的渗透系数降低73.42%~92.83%.膨胀指数试验结果显示,添加2%的HPMC无法提高膨润土在侵蚀溶液中的膨胀指数,但添加5%的HPMC可使膨润土在侵蚀性溶液中的膨胀指数增大2倍左右.HPMC改性可以显著增强膨润土对侵蚀性溶液的防渗性能.孔隙填充是膨润土防渗性能增强的主要机制.

犀角地黄汤治疗五步蛇咬伤的临床效果

目的探讨犀角地黄汤治疗五步蛇咬伤的临床效果。方法选择2020年1月至2023年6月在我院治疗的五步蛇咬伤患者86例作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组给予基础治疗及抗蛇毒血清治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予犀角地黄汤治疗。观察比较两组患者的临床疗效、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、白细胞(WBC)计数、肿瘤坏死因子-a(TNF-a)、高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、患肢与健肢周径差、患肢疼痛程度评分及肿胀缓解时间。结果观察组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前的FIB、TT、APTT、PT、WBC、TNF-a、hs-CRP、患肢与健肢周径差及患肢疼痛程度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组治疗后的FIB高于对照组,TT、APTT、PT均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组治疗后的WBC、TNF-a、hs-CRP、患肢与健肢周径差、患肢疼痛程度评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论犀角地黄汤治疗五步蛇咬伤可有效缓解患肢肿胀、疼痛程度,减轻炎症反应,改善凝血功能指标,值得临床应用。

死精子症不同诊断方法的探讨及其程度与DFI相关性分析

目的:探讨伊红-苯胺黑试验(E-N试验)和低渗膨胀试验(HOST)诊断死精子症的价值,并分析精子坏死程度与精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)、精子高可染性指数(HDS)的相关性。方法:采用CASA检测2023年5月至2024年7月在湖南省妇幼保健院就诊的7 333例男性精子活力,选择弱精子症男性行E-N试验、HOST评估精子存活率,再筛选死精子症男性行计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)测精子DFI、HDS。根据精子PR%(20%~<30%、10%~<20%、<10%)分组,探讨两种方案对死精子症的诊断价值及精子坏死程度与DFI、HDS的相关性。结果:7 333例男性中弱精子症1374例(18.74%)。轻度、中度、重度弱精子症患者死精子症发生率:E-N试验为0.55%(5/913)、3.80%(12/316)、35.86%(52/145)、总发生率0.94%(69/7 333);HOST试验为0.99%(9/913)、6.96%(22/316)、46.21%(67/145)、总发生率为1.34%(98/7 333)。两种诊断方案无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.97,P>0.5)。两种方法确定的死精子症病例均显示精子DFI与精子存活率呈负相关(r=-0.366,r=-0.333,P<0.05),精子HDS与精子存活率亦呈负相关,但无统计学意义。结论:当男性精子PR%<30%时应进行精子存活率检测,优先推荐E-N试验诊断死精子症。精子坏死可能与精子核染色质损伤互为危险因素。

考虑非饱和土基质吸力-回弹指数相关性的弹塑性本构模型及有限元实现

非饱和土压缩指数受基质吸力影响明显,回弹指数是土的临界状态本构模型中的重要变形参数。但在本构模型理论研究中,回弹指数随基质吸力的变化影响往往被忽略。为解决这一矛盾,以杭州地区重塑粉土为试样,使用GDS非饱和直剪系统的竖向加载功能,对试样进行50、100、200 kPa 3种定吸力条件下一维固结回弹试验,获取不同基质吸力非饱和回弹指数κ(s),并拟合得到κ(s)函数关系,对比已有试验研究,验证了拟合结果的合理性。进而将κ(s)表达式引入非饱和土扩展剑桥弹塑性本构模型,形成一种考虑回弹指数随基质吸力变化的非饱和土弹塑性本构模型。应用子增量步显示积分算法将该模型编辑成ABAQUS有限元UMAT子程序,最后基于ABAQUS有限元平台结合自编UMAT子程序进行固结回弹数值试验,模拟实际试验过程,对比两者试验结果,验证了该UMAT子程序的正确性。实现了一种考虑回弹指数随基质吸力变化的非饱和土弹塑性本构模型的数值化,为其进一步应用建立基础。

太平洋涌浪池年际变化与成因研究

使用ERA5再分析数据和涌浪指标研究了太平洋、大西洋和印度洋低纬度海域的涌浪池,分析了太平洋涌浪池的形成来源,结果表明:太平洋涌浪池的东南部分是由南太平洋的波浪北传形成;西北部分涌浪池是由北太平洋的波浪南传形成;而涌浪池中部是由二者共同影响的。太平洋涌浪池面积在冬季(12月至翌年2月)较大,夏季(6月至8月)较小。处于冬季半球的涌浪可以传播得更远并越过赤道,停留在冬季半球低纬海域的涌浪减少,同时冬季半球的风浪全年最强,导致该半球太平洋的涌浪池面积减小;处于夏季半球的涌浪传播距离较小,因此涌浪会“堆积”在该半球低纬海域,同时夏季半球的风浪全年最弱,导致该半球太平洋的涌浪池面积增大。涌浪池所在海域的风场强度较弱,风浪较小,为涌浪在低纬的优势创造了有利条件。厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜发生时,会分别加强或削弱传到太平洋低纬地区的涌浪,从而影响涌浪池的空间分布。涌浪池时空变化的分析对涌浪的大尺度传播研究具有重要意义。

粉砂与粉土固结蠕变特性对比的试验研究

为了解释基坑预降水引发的基坑周边地面沉降的滞后性,依托某地铁车站基坑预降水工程,开展场地中典型粉砂和粉土的一维固结蠕变试验。通过试验结果分析,得到土的压缩指数、回弹指数和次固结系数,给出了回弹指数与压缩指数和次固结系数与压缩指数的经验关系。蠕变试验结果表明,粉砂和粉土的次固结系数与固结荷载之间呈现良好的线性关系,提出了次固结系数与固结压力的经验公式。从固结压力下砂土天然结构破坏的角度,解释了次固结系数随着固结压力的增加而增大的原因,为解释预降水引起的基坑周边地面沉降滞后效应和地面沉降合理估算提供了实验依据。

自制筋伤膏对胫腓骨闭合性骨折围手术期患者的疗效观察

目的:本文旨在自制筋伤膏对胫腓骨闭合性骨折围手术期患者的疗效观察。。方法:选取酒泉市中医医院骨科2016年3月至2022年1月间确诊并收治的胫腓骨闭合性骨折围手术期患者,随机分为治疗实验组和对照组,各50例。将患者分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用筋伤膏外敷和甘露醇静脉滴注的围手术期治疗。而对照组患者接受常规治疗方法等。结果:治疗实验组术前疼痛评分、术后疼痛评分、随访期间疼痛评分、患肢周长(cm)、皮肤颜色变化、肿胀程度、活动范围、肌力(/Ⅵ级)、步态、Lequesne指数(Lequesne’s Index of Osteoarthritis,LIOA)、WOMAC指数(Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index,WOMAC)优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:采用筋伤膏外敷和甘露醇静脉滴注的围手术期治疗对胫腓骨远端闭合性骨折患者具有较好的临床应用效果。这种方法可以有效缓解术前和术后的疼痛,减轻肿胀,促进伤口愈合,改善患肢功能,提高患者的生活质量。

低剂量阿司匹林联合空气压力波治疗仪对剖宫产术后下肢深静脉血栓患者的预防效果观察

目的探究低剂量阿司匹林联合空气压力波治疗仪对剖宫产术后下肢深静脉血栓患者的预防效果.方法选择2021年10月—2023年10月就诊于我院的290例剖宫产术后患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各145例.对照组采用低剂量阿司匹林治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上使用空气压力波治疗仪.比较两组患者的肿胀指数、大小腿围度及下肢深静脉血栓发生情况.结果观察组肿胀指数为(3.02±0.21)分,低于对照组的(6.23±1.15)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后7d的大、小腿围分别为(46.25±5.15)cm、(35.15±5.23)cm,均短于对照组的(48.01±5.02)cm、(36.49±4.87cm),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组下肢深静脉血栓总发生率为2.06%,低于对照组的8.28%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论低剂量阿司匹林与空气压力波治疗仪联用可明显改善剖宫产术后产妇的大、小腿围的肿胀程度,降低肿胀指数,对下肢深静脉血栓的发生起到预防作用.

膨胀土判别与分类方法探讨

膨胀土的胀缩等级评判是进行膨胀土处治的首要任务,开展膨胀土的判别与分类方法探讨具有重要意义。对现有膨胀土判别与分类方法进行了评价,对反映和表征膨胀土胀缩机理和特性的指标进行了深入探讨,提出了以能充分反映和表征膨胀土胀缩机理和特性的液限、塑性指数、自由膨胀率、小于0.005mm颗粒含量、胀缩总率等5个指标作为膨胀土的判别指标,建立了一种新的膨胀土判别与分类方法,并通过试验进行了验证。新的膨胀土判别与分类方法具有准确度高、易操作的优点。

近45年太平洋海浪特征分析

利用来自欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)将风浪、涌浪分离的具有较高时空分辨率的45年ERA-40海浪资料,对太平洋的海表风场、风浪、涌浪、混合浪的特征进行分析。研究发现太平洋大部分海域的涌浪波高、混合浪波高呈显著的逐年线性递增趋势,趋势分别为0.3—0.6cm.a 1、0.3—1.2cm.a 1;太平洋的涌浪在混合浪中四季皆起主导作用,涌浪指标的低值区主要集中在南北半球的西风带,太平洋赤道附近海域存在明显的涌浪池;北太平洋的风场与风浪场的相关系数好于南太平洋,风场与涌浪场的相关系数则是南太平洋好于北太平洋;研究还发现太平洋的浪场与Nino3指数有着密切的关系。