A Study on the Application of Audible Thinking Combined with Case Teaching Method in the Teaching of Nursing Room Visits for Trained Nurses

Objective:To investigate the effect of using audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing checkups for regulation nurses.Methods:The period was April 2023–April 2024,and a randomized controlled group study was carried out in which 76 regulation nurses in our hospital were randomly divided into a research group and a control group,with 38 regulation nurses in each group.The control group used conventional teaching methods,and the research group used audible thinking combined with the case teaching method,comparing the two groups’independent learning ability scores,assessment scores,and teaching satisfaction.Results:Independent learning ability score:after teaching,the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);Assessment results:the research group was considerably higher than the control group(P<0.05);Teaching satisfaction:the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing room visits for trained nurses can improve independent learning ability and assessment results and increase teaching satisfaction.

EZH2 identifies the precursors of human natural killer cells with trained immunity

Objective:Trained immunity of natural killer(NK)cells has shown great potential in the treatment of cancers by eliciting enhanced effector responses to restimulation by cytokines or cancer cells for long time periods after preactivation.However,the human NK cells responsible for the generation and maintenance of trained immunity are largely unknown.We hypothesized that heterogeneous human NK cells would respond differentially to stimulation with a combination of IL-12,IL-15,and IL-18,and that an NK cell subset might exist that is mainly responsible for the induction of trained immunity.On the basis of our hypothesis,we aimed to identify the subset from which cytokine-trained human NK cells originate and to explore possible regulatory targets for drug intervention.Methods:Flow cytometry assays were performed to analyze the functions of cytokine-trained NK cells and examine cell division and protein expression in NK cell subsets.Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)plus TotalSeq™technology was used to track the heterogeneity of NK cells during the induction of trained immunity.Results:Traditional developmental markers for peripheral NK cells were unable to identify the precursors of human NK cells with trained immunity.Therefore,we used scRNA-seq plus TotalSeq™technology to track the heterogeneity of NK cells during the induction of trained immunity and identified a unique cluster of CD57−NKG2A+EZH2+IFNG+MKI67+IL12R+IL15R+IL18R+NK cells.Enrichment and pseudotime trajectory analyses suggested that this cluster of NK cells contained the precursor of trained NK cells.We then used flow cytometry to further investigate the role of EZH2 in trained NK precursors and found that CD57−NKG2A+EZH2+NK cells had faster cell cycles and an enhanced trained phenotype,and EZH2 inhibition significantly impaired the induction of trained immunity in NK cells.These results suggested that EZH2 is a unique epigenetic marker of precursors of human NK cells with trained immunity.Conclusions:Our work revealed human NK heterogeneity in the induction of trained immunity,identified the precursor subset for trained NK cells,and demonstrated the critical role of EZH2 in the induction of trained immunity in human NK cells.

Crossed Micro-bands in the Martensite Variant Pairs of a Thermomechanically Trained Cu-Zn-Al Alloy

The crossed micro-bands in the martensite variant pairs of a thermomechanically trained Cu25.66Zn-4.02Al (wt-%) alloy have been studied. It was found that the micro-bands pass through the interface from one martensite variant to another and their orientation inside different variants is distinct, which would remain in the parent phase after the reverse transformation and play an important role in the formation of preferential martensite. In fact, the crossed micro-bands are micro-twins for accommodating the stress fields generated during thermomechanically training

The Effect of Circuit Training on Resting Heart Rate Variability, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Physical Fitness in Healthy Untrained Adults

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of circuit training (CT) on resting heart rate variability (HRV) and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as blood lipids and blood glucose and on fitness components. Twenty-four healthy untrained adults (age 26.5 ± 5.1 years;height 1.67 ± 8.4 m;weight 66.8 ± 15.1 kg;26.3% ± 5.2%;maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) 48.5 ± 10.0 ml.kg-1.min-1) were assigned to either CT (n = 12) involving bodyweight exercises, or control (CON, n = 12) groups. Prior to the start and following the end of the six-week training period, time-, frequency-domain and nonlinear measures of resting HRV, arterial blood pressure, body composition, fasting blood lipids, lipoproteins and glucose, VO2max, upper body muscular endurance (UBME) and abdominal and hip flexor (AHFME), back strength (BS) and handgrip were assessed. None of the resting HRV measures (P > 0.05) were affected by the CT intervention. However, diastolic blood pressure decreased (P = 0.03), lean body weight (P = 0.03) increased, VO2max (P = 0.03), UBME (P = 0.001), AHFME (P = 0.04), and BS (P = 0.03) were significantly higher following CT, whereas the other variables were not influenced by the CT. Six-week of CT involving bodyweight exercises has no significant impact on resting HRV. However, this type of training might decrease the risk for development of CVD by reducing arterial blood pressure and by improving body composition, aerobic capacity, muscular endurance and strength.

Fuzzy Flexible Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Based on Genetic Algorithm

Both fuzzy temporal constraint and flexible resource constraint are considered in project scheduling. In order to obtain an optimal schedule, we propose a genetic algorithm integrated with concepts on fuzzy set theory as well as specialized coding and decoding mechanism. An example demonstrates that the proposed approach can assist the project managers to obtain the optimal schedule effectively and make the correct decision on skill training before a project begins.

Performance Comparison among Trained Judges and Panels for the Evaluation of “Cuajada” Type Fresh Cheese in Two Regions from Oaxaca in México

Four “cuajada” type fresh cheeses were evaluated by two trained panels in different regions from Oaxaca in Mexico (Instituto Tecnológico de Comitancillo (ITC) and Universidad del Mar (UMAR)). Each panel was integrated by six judges. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) and the Rv coefficient were used to identify similarities and consensus among trained judges and panels. The ANOVA results revealed that the judges from ITC performed significantly better (P < 0.05) in discrimination and repetitivity, while both panels showed a similar effect in discrimination. The PCA determined some similarities in the position of cheeses in the sensory space, while Rv revealed that judges and panels were consensual. In conclusion, statistical resources determined that both panels were discriminating and that similarities in the positioning of cheeses in the sensory space were found.

Rudder Roll Damping Autopilot Using Dual Extended Kalman Filter–Trained Neural Networks for Ships in Waves

The roll motions of ships advancing in heavy seas have severe impacts on the safety of crews,vessels,and cargoes;thus,it must be damped.This study presents the design of a rudder roll damping autopilot by utilizing the dual extended Kalman filter(DEKF)trained radial basis function neural networks(RBFNN)for the surface vessels.The autopilot system constitutes the roll reduction controller and the yaw motion controller implemented in parallel.After analyzing the advantages of the DEKF-trained RBFNN control method theoretically,the ship’s nonlinear model with environmental disturbances was employed to verify the performance of the proposed stabilization system.Different sailing scenarios were conducted to investigate the motion responses of the ship in waves.The results demonstrate that the DEKF RBFNN based control system is efficient and practical in reducing roll motions and following the path for the ship sailing in waves only through rudder actions.

Ability of Therapists Trained in Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy to Guess Pain Catastrophizing and Kinesiophobia Scores for Patients with Low Back Pain

Objective: To investigate whether a physical therapist trained through the Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) diploma program could guess psychological Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) scores of individuals with low back pain (LBP) by taking patient history and completing a physical evaluation. Methods: Ten participants with LBP completed PROMs immediately before history taking and again after a physical evaluation. PROMs included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Pain Coping Strategy Questionnaire. A physical therapist who completed the MDT diploma program took the patients’ history and completed their physical evaluation. The therapist completed the same PROMs immediately after both history taking and physical evaluation. Correlations between patient and therapist scores were calculated using Spearman’s ρ. Results: Statistically significant positive correlations were detected in the PCS (ρ = 0.65) and TSK (ρ = 0.78) before history taking, and in the PCS (ρ = 0.81) and TSK (ρ = 0.74) after physical evaluation. Discussion: The results are based on one MDT therapist and generalizability of the findings is limited. However, the current preliminary findings justify the need for further studies to explore effective post-graduate training to promote a patient centered approach.

Enhancing biomineralization process efficiency with trained bacterial strains:A technical perspective

Microorganisms have been essential in the natural world for millions of years,contributing significantly to environmental interaction.It has been disoverd that some bacteria are potential in geotechnical and environmental engineering due to their outstanding ability of biomineralization.Therefore,how to train bacteria as special and professional“workers”for biomineralization is increasingly a key topic in related research fields.This article briefly introduces the methods that are commonly utilized to improve the environmental adaptability and mineralization efficiency of bacteria,including microbial domestication,microbial mutation breeding,microbial targeted screening,and bio-stimulation,which make great implications to advance the field of biomineralization.

Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface electromyography.In this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Eleven patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were recruited.Surface electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity protocol.The results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of activation.Although the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

Early-life EV-A71 infection augments allergen-induced airway inflammation in asthma through trained macrophage immunity

Virus-induced asthma is prevalent among children,but its underlying mechanisms are unclear.Accumulated evidence indicates that early-life respiratory virus infection increases susceptibility to allergic asthma.Nonetheless,the relationship between systemic virus infections,such as enterovirus infection,and the ensuing effects on allergic asthma development is unknown.Early-life enterovirus infection was correlated with higher risks of allergic diseases in children.Adult mice exhibited exacerbated mite allergen-induced airway inflammation following recovery from EV-A71 infection in the neonatal period.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs)from recovered EV-A71-infected mice showed sustained innate immune memory(trained immunity)that could drive naïve T helper cells toward Th2 and Th17 cell differentiation when in contact with mites.Adoptive transfer of EV-A71-trained BMDMs induced augmented allergic inflammation in naïve recipient mice,which was inhibited by 2-deoxy-D-glucose(2-DG)pretreatment,suggesting that trained macrophages following enterovirus infection are crucial in the progression of allergic asthma later in life.

Optimization of virtual machine placement based on constrained immune memory and immunodominance clone in IaaS cloud mode equipment training

In infrastructure as a service(IaaS)cloud mode equipment simulated training,to keep the resource utilization ratio in a rational high level,improve the training effect and reduce the system running cost,the problem of training virtual machine(TVM)placement needs to be resolved first.We make analysis to the problem and give the mathematical formulation to the problem.Then,we figure out the principle and target of the TVM placement.Based on above analysis,we propose a constrained immune memory and immunodominance clone(CIMIC)TVM placement optimization algorithm.By reverse optimization of the initial antibody population,the searching range is reduced.The common antibody population and the immunodominance antibody population evolve simultaneously,which realizes the simultaneous progressing of global searching and local searching of solutions.Further,local optimal is avoided by this means.Memory antibody makes ful use of the unfeasible solutions and the diversity of antibody population is maintained.The constraint information of the problem is utilized to improve the optimization effect.Experiment results show that the CIMIC algorithm improves the overall optimization effect of TVM placement,reduces the server number and improves the resource utilization and system stability.

Experimental study on neuroendocrinological and immunological characteristics of the military-trained artillerymen

Background Over one million soldiers were treated for battle- or training-fatigue during World War I1. Of all ground combat troops, 37% were discharged for psychiatric reasons due to fatigue. The neuroendocrinological and immunological systems played important roles in the work-related fatigue of military personnel. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of fatigue associated with military operations, and we observed changes in the regulatory functions of the neuroendocrinological and immunological systems that may provide theoretical support for improving the combat effectiveness of armies. Methods A total of 240 soldiers from the Field Artillery regiment were selected as subjects. Researchers and subjects received training before participating in the study. Data of the subjects＇ medical histories, physical examinations, scores on a fatigue assessment scale, and assessments of pituitary-adrenal hormones （adrenal cortical hormone （ACTH）, cortical hormone （F）, and 24-hour urine-free cortisol （UFC））, pituitary-gonadal hormones （luteinizing hormone （LH）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, testosterone, estradiol （E2）, and prolactin （PRL））, pituitary-thyroid hormones （thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）, thyroxine （TT4）, triiodothyronine （TT3）, free thyroxine （FT4）, and free triiodothyronine （FT3））, and cellular immune parameters （CD3~, CD4~, CD8~, CD4~/CD8＋, B, and NK cells） were investigated before and after large-scale and high-intensity field exercises. Data were statistically analyzed with Student＇s t test using SPSS software （version 13.0）, and P values 〈0.05 were deemed to be significant. Results After the high-intensity military training, the scores on the fatigue scale reflected significant increases of feeling of unpleasantness among soldiers. Additionally, the symptom checklist showed notable increases in somatization scores and significant decreases in psychoticism scores. After intensive military work, levels of plasma ACTH, F, and UFC of soldiers were decreased （P 〈0.01）. The level of testosterone decreased significantly after the maneuver （（23.51_＋6.49） versus （18.89_＋5.89） nmol/L; P 〈0.001）, whereas the thyroid function （＇1-1-3, FT4, and FT3） was markedly increased after the maneuver （P 〈0.01）. The number of CD3~, CD4~, CD4~/CD8~ cells, and B lymphocytes were decreased （P 〈0.05）, and NK cells were increased （P 〈0.001） after the maneuver. Conclusions Following high-intensity military operations, the psychological tolerance of soldiers was depressed. And the hypoadrenocorticism （the functional decreases of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and abnormal pituitary-thyroid axis） contributed to the increased levels of fatigue. Hypoimmunity may increase the susceptibility to diseases after high-intensity military operations.

Robust train speed trajectory optimization: A stochastic constrained shortest path approach

Train speed trajectory optimization is a significant issue in railway traffic systems, and it plays a key role in determining energy consumption and travel time of trains. Due to the complexity of real-world operational environments, a variety of factors can lead to the uncertainty in energy-consumption. To appropriately characterize the uncertainties and generate a robust speed trajectory, this study specifically proposes distance-speed networks over the inter-station and treats the uncertainty with respect to energy consumption as discrete samplebased random variables with correlation. The problem of interest is formulated as a stochastic constrained shortest path problem with travel time threshold constraints in which the expected total energy consumption is treated as the evaluation index. To generate an approximate optimal solution, a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm combined with dynamic programming algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal solutions. Numerical examples are implemented and analyzed to demonstrate the performance of proposed approaches.

Effects of Additional Rifle-Carriage Training on Physiological Markers and Roller-Skiing Performance in Well-Trained Biathletes

Purpose The purpose was to investigate whether an increased amount of training while carrying the rifle affects skiing in well-trained biathletes at submaximal and maximal workloads during a pre-season period lasting a minimum of 12 weeks.Methods Seventeen well-trained biathletes(9 females,8 males)were assigned to an intervention(IG,n=10)or control(CG,n=7)group.Before(T1)and after(T2)the training intervention all participants performed,using treadmill roller-skiing,a submaximal test without the rifle on one day and two submaximal workloads and a maximal time trial(TT)with the rifle on a subsequent day.Between T1 and T2 all participants performed a minimum of 12 weeks of normal training,the only difference between groups being that IG performed more of their training sessions carrying the rifle.Results IG performed more training compared to CG(15.4±1.1 vs.11.2±2.6 h/week,P<0.05),including a higher amount of training with the rifle(3.1±0.6 vs.1.1±0.3 h/week,P<0.001).Speed at 4 mmol/L of blood lactate increased significantly for CG from T1 to T2(P=0.028),while only tended to increase for IG(P=0.058).Performance during the TT,VO2max and the aerobic metabolic rate increased significantly from T1 to T2,although the differences disappeared when including the speed at baseline as a covariate.Conclusion According to the present results,increasing training while carrying the rifle by 2 h/week does not appear to improve skiing performance in well-trained biathletes.In addition,physiological markers at submaximal and maximal intensities while carrying the rifle were not affected after the training intervention.

Numerical magnitude processing in abacus-trained children with superior mathematical ability: an EEG study

Distance effect has been regarded as the best established marker of basic numerical magnitude processes and is related to individual mathematical abilities. A larger behavioral distance effect is suggested to be concomitant with lower mathematical achievement in children. However, the relationship between distance effect and superior mathematical abilities is unclear. One could get superior mathematical abilities by acquiring the skill of abacus-based mental calculation （AMC）, which can be used to solve calculation problems with exceptional speed and high accuracy. In the current study, we explore the relationship between distance effect and superior mathematical abilities by examining whether and how the AMC training modifies numerical magnitude processing. Thus, mathematical competencies were tested in 18 abacus-trained children （who accepted the AMC training） and 18 non-trained children. Electroencephalography （EEG） waveforms were recorded when these children executed numerical comparison tasks in both Arabic digit and dot array forms. We found that： （a） the abacus-trained group had superior mathematical abilities than their peers; （b） distance effects were found both in behavioral results and on EEG wave- forms; （c） the distance effect size of the average amplitude on the late negative-going component was different between groups in the digit task, with a larger effect size for abacus-trained children; （d） both the behavioral and EEG distance effects were modulated by the notation. These results revealed that the neural substrates of magnitude processing were modified by AMC training, and suggested that the mechanism of the representation of numerical magnitude for children with superior mathematical abilities was different from their peers. In addition, the results provide evidence for a view of non-abstract numerical representation.

The Effects of Offset Loading Versus Traditional Loading in the Bench Press Exercise on Muscle Thickness and Strength in Trained Males

Purpose This study compared the effects of offset loading(OSL)versus traditional loading(TDL)in the bench press exercise on pectoral muscle thickness and bench press strength over a 4-week mesocycle.Methods:Twenty male participants aged 18-45 years with at least 5 years of bench press experience and a bench press one-repetition maximum equal to or greater than their body mass were randomly assigned to OSL and TDL groups.Before and after the 4-week mesocycle,pectoral muscle thickness was assessed via ultrasonography and muscle strength was assessed by bench press one-repetition maximum.Effects were explored with two-way mixed ANOVA and non-clinical magnitude-based inferences.Results:No group-by-time interaction was detected for any variable(P>0.05).When compared to small magnitudes,the pectoralis major muscle thickness changes were likely greater in OSL compared to TDL for the dominant(ES=0.70;87%likely greater)and nondominant pectoralis(ES=0.77;91%likely greater)as well as the sum of both pectorals(ES=0.80;92%likely greater).Similarly,a likely greater effect for absolute(ES=0.57;82%likely)and relative(ES=0.67;85%likely)bench press strength was seen with OSL.Conclusion:Magnitude-based inferences interpreted here support the notion that OSL may be an advantageous training modality to enhance pectoral muscle thickness and bench press strength.

The Effect of an Acute Farmers Walk Exercise Bout on Muscle Damage and Recovery in Recreationally Trained Adults

Purpose The Farmer’s Walk(FW)may supplement resistance training through functional tasks like lifting and carrying weight over various distances.Minimal information exists concerning the intramuscular responses resulting from FW per-formance,possibly impacting its application in exercise prescription.Therefore,the purpose of the study was to investigate Creatine Kinase(CK)and myoglobin(Mb)responses following the Farmers Walk Condition(FWC)compared to a control protocol(NWC).Methods Fifteen participants(Mean±SEM;age:21.6±0.5 years;height:172.5±2.4 cm;body weight:81.8±4.0 kg)completed an initial session to measure body composition,lower body power,and strength.Participants then completed two counter-balanced exercise protocols consisting of a 20-m walk performed within 5 sets of 2 repetitions while either carrying weight(FWC;average wt:85.15±25.55 kg)or not(NWC)with collection of Visually Perceived Muscle Soreness(VPMS),Ratings of Perceived Exertion(RPE),and blood samples.VPMS,blood samples,and Countermovement Jump(CMJ)height were also collected during recovery from each exercise protocol with significance of P<0.05.Results Significant differences were observed between exercise protocols performed including participant RPE(P<0.01),CK(P=0.01),and overall,upper body,and lower body VPMS(P<0.05)post-FWC.No significant differences were noted for Mb or CMJ height.Conclusion Training variables implemented during the FWC may have indirectly minimized muscle damage and neuro-muscular inhibitions in performance.Although participants reported mild soreness,the negligible physiological damage suggests the FWC is a safe and appropriate functional movement exercise.

Disturbance rejection tube model predictive levitation control of maglev trains

Magnetic levitation control technology plays a significant role in maglev trains.Designing a controller for the levitation system is challenging due to the strong nonlinearity,open-loop instability,and the need for fast response and security.In this paper,we propose a Disturbance-Observe-based Tube Model Predictive Levitation Control(DO-TMPLC)scheme combined with a feedback linearization strategy for the levitation system.The proposed strategy incorporates state constraints and control input constraints,i.e.,the air gap,the vertical velocity,and the current applied to the coil.A feedback linearization strategy is used to cancel the nonlinearity of the tracking error system.Then,a disturbance observer is implemented to actively compensate for disturbances while a TMPLC controller is employed to alleviate the remaining disturbances.Furthermore,we analyze the recursive feasibility and input-to-state stability of the closed-loop system.The simulation results indicate the efficacy of the proposed control strategy.

Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells:A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode,volume,and intensity

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased survival.Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and hormones.However,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology.To date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer cells.Nevertheless,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode.Insights for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.