Objective:We investigated changes in cortico–subcortical spatiotemporal dynamics to explore the treatment mechanisms oftranscranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)in patientswith Parkinson’s disease(PD).Method...Objective:We investigated changes in cortico–subcortical spatiotemporal dynamics to explore the treatment mechanisms oftranscranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)in patientswith Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data were collected from 20 patients with PD and 20 normal controls(NC).Each patient with PD received successivemultidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment and tACStreatment over a one-year interval.Individual functional brain network mapping and co-activation pattern(CAP)analysis were performed to characterize cortico–subcortical dynamics.Results:The same tACS electrode placement stimulated different proportions of functional brain networks across the participants.CAP analysis revealed that the visual network,attentional network,and default mode network co-activated with the thalamus,accumbens,and amygdala,respectively.The pattern characterized by thede-activation of the visual network and the activation of the thalamus showed a significantly low amplitude in the patients with PD than inNCs,and this amplitude increased after tACS treatment.Furthermore,the co-occurrence of cortico–subcortical CAPs was significantly higherin patients with PD than in NCs and decreased after tACS treatment.Conclusions:This study investigated cortico–subcortical spatiotemporaldynamics in patients with PD and further revealed the tACS treatmentmechanism.These findings contribute to understanding cortico–subcortical dynamics and exploring noninvasive neuromodulationtargets of cortico–subcortical circuits in brain diseases,such as PD,Alzheimer’s disease,and depression.展开更多
Background:Transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)offers a new approach for adult patients with major depressive disorder(MDD).The study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tACS treating MDD.Methods:T...Background:Transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)offers a new approach for adult patients with major depressive disorder(MDD).The study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tACS treating MDD.Methods:This is an 8-week,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled study.Ninety-two drug-naive patients with MDD aged 18 to 65 years will receive 20 daily 40-min,77.5-Hz,15-mA sessions of active or sham tACS targeting the forehead and both mastoid areas on weekdays for 4 consecutive weeks(week 4),following a 4-week observation period(week 8).The primary outcome is the remission rate defined as the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale(HDRS-17)score≤7 at week 8.Secondary outcomes are the rates of response at weeks 4 and 8 and rate of remission at week 4 based on HDRS-17,the proportion of participants having improvement in the clinical global impression-improvement,the change in HDRS-17 score(range,0-52,with higher scores indicating more depression)over the study,and variations of brain imaging and neurocognition from baseline to week 4.Safety will be assessed by vital signs at weeks 4 and 8,and adverse events will be collected during the entire study.Discussion:The tACS applied in this trial may have treatment effects on MDD with minimal side effects.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR1800016479;http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=22048.展开更多
Non-invasive brain current stimulation（NIBS） is a promising and versatile tool for inducing neuroplasticity,protection and functional rehabilitation of damaged neuronal systems.It is technically simple,requires no s...Non-invasive brain current stimulation（NIBS） is a promising and versatile tool for inducing neuroplasticity,protection and functional rehabilitation of damaged neuronal systems.It is technically simple,requires no surgery,and has significant beneficial effects.However,there are various technical approaches for NIBS which influence neuronal networks in significantly different ways.Transcranial direct current stimulation（t DCS）,alternating current stimulation（ACS） and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（r TMS） all have been applied to modulate brain activity in animal experiments under normal and pathological conditions.Also clinical trials have shown that t DCS,r TMS and ACS induce significant behavioural effects and can – depending on the parameters chosen – enhance or decrease brain excitability and influence performance and learning as well as rehabilitation and protective mechanisms.The diverse phaenomena and partially opposing effects of NIBS are not yet fully understood and mechanisms of action need to be explored further in order to select appropriate parameters for a given task,such as current type and strength,timing,distribution of current densities and electrode position.In this review,we will discuss the various parameters which need to be considered when designing a NIBS protocol and will put them into context with the envisaged applications in experimental neurobiology and medicine such as vision restoration,motor rehabilitation and cognitive enhancement.展开更多
Neurological disorders with symptoms such as chronic pain,depression,and insomnia are widespread.Very weak electric fields applied through the skull can enhance or diminish neural activity and modulate brain waves in ...Neurological disorders with symptoms such as chronic pain,depression,and insomnia are widespread.Very weak electric fields applied through the skull can enhance or diminish neural activity and modulate brain waves in order to treat many of these common medical problems.This approach is to be contrasted with well-established pharmacological methods or more recent invasive electrical Deep Brain Stimulation(DBS)techniques that require surgery to insert electrodes deep into the brain.We claim that Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation(NIBS)will provide new treatment methods with much greater simplicity,lower cost,improved safety and in some cases,possibly greater effectiveness.This emerging use of NIBS is a branch of a new multidisciplinary field that we coined Neuro-systems Engineering[1].This field involves neuroscientists,psychologists,and electrical engineers.This emerging field relies on existing standards for the safe implementation of these novel treatment modalities[2].Methods of stimulating the brain are based on emerging electro-technologies such as transcranial Direct Current/Alternating Current(DC/AC)electric fields and pulsed magnetic fields.Application of functional and time-dependent brain imaging methods can be used to locate relevant brain regions and determine the most appropriate stimulation method.Application of tailored and individualized control can be combined with other therapy methods to effectively treat neurological disorders while minimizing or even eliminating the use of pharmaceuticals.In this paper,we are presenting our embodiment for a closed loop,feedback controlled,non-invasive application of electrical stimulation of the brain to enhance individual/group performance or to treat neurological disorders.展开更多
认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺...认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺等神经递质的释放、增强脑网络局部与远端的同步,达到改善认知功能的效果。特定频率的tACS可以改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)、精神分裂症、抑郁障碍引起的认知功能损害,其中以gamma和theta频率tACS对认知功能的影响最为显著。tACS安全性高,操作难度小,对改善神经精神疾病患者的认知功能具有巨大潜力。展开更多
目的:探究额顶叶θ-经颅交流电刺激(theta-transcranial alternating current stimulation,θ-tACS)对健康成年人不同姿势条件下(坐位和站立位)工作记忆表现的影响。方法:本研究为随机、交叉、双盲设计。选取16名健康成年人,以随机顺序...目的:探究额顶叶θ-经颅交流电刺激(theta-transcranial alternating current stimulation,θ-tACS)对健康成年人不同姿势条件下(坐位和站立位)工作记忆表现的影响。方法:本研究为随机、交叉、双盲设计。选取16名健康成年人,以随机顺序进行tACS真刺激和假刺激,两次刺激之间至少间隔72h。tACS方案使用7个电极放置于左侧额顶叶振荡关键脑区,频率选择为6Hz,持续21min。假刺激方案使用与tACS真刺激方案相同的刺激靶区、频率,但只进行1min的刺激(刺激开始和结束各30s)。在刺激前和刺激后即刻评估坐位及站立位n-back工作记忆表现,包括正确率、反应时和逆效率得分。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验观察刺激方式对工作记忆影响的组间及组内差异。结果:15名受试者完成试验,两种刺激条件均未出现明显副作用和不良反应。额顶叶θ-tACS后,坐位工作记忆的反应时、逆效率得分与站立位的反应时改善显著(P<0.05),站立位逆效率得分具有改善趋势(P=0.057);与刺激前相比,假刺激后坐位及站位工作记忆均无显著性差异(均P>0.05)。结论:额顶叶θ-tACS可以改善坐位和站立位不同姿势下的工作记忆表现,有助于健康成年人应对现实生活中的多任务认知活动,具有重要的实践应用价值。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U20A20191,82071912,12104049,82202291)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2021CX11011)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC2007305).
文摘Objective:We investigated changes in cortico–subcortical spatiotemporal dynamics to explore the treatment mechanisms oftranscranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)in patientswith Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data were collected from 20 patients with PD and 20 normal controls(NC).Each patient with PD received successivemultidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment and tACStreatment over a one-year interval.Individual functional brain network mapping and co-activation pattern(CAP)analysis were performed to characterize cortico–subcortical dynamics.Results:The same tACS electrode placement stimulated different proportions of functional brain networks across the participants.CAP analysis revealed that the visual network,attentional network,and default mode network co-activated with the thalamus,accumbens,and amygdala,respectively.The pattern characterized by thede-activation of the visual network and the activation of the thalamus showed a significantly low amplitude in the patients with PD than inNCs,and this amplitude increased after tACS treatment.Furthermore,the co-occurrence of cortico–subcortical CAPs was significantly higherin patients with PD than in NCs and decreased after tACS treatment.Conclusions:This study investigated cortico–subcortical spatiotemporaldynamics in patients with PD and further revealed the tACS treatmentmechanism.These findings contribute to understanding cortico–subcortical dynamics and exploring noninvasive neuromodulationtargets of cortico–subcortical circuits in brain diseases,such as PD,Alzheimer’s disease,and depression.
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1310001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771862)+2 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(No.Z171100000117016)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.KZ201710025017)the Beijing Hundred,Thousand,and Ten Thousand Talents Project(No.2017-CXYF-09).
文摘Background:Transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)offers a new approach for adult patients with major depressive disorder(MDD).The study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tACS treating MDD.Methods:This is an 8-week,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled study.Ninety-two drug-naive patients with MDD aged 18 to 65 years will receive 20 daily 40-min,77.5-Hz,15-mA sessions of active or sham tACS targeting the forehead and both mastoid areas on weekdays for 4 consecutive weeks(week 4),following a 4-week observation period(week 8).The primary outcome is the remission rate defined as the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale(HDRS-17)score≤7 at week 8.Secondary outcomes are the rates of response at weeks 4 and 8 and rate of remission at week 4 based on HDRS-17,the proportion of participants having improvement in the clinical global impression-improvement,the change in HDRS-17 score(range,0-52,with higher scores indicating more depression)over the study,and variations of brain imaging and neurocognition from baseline to week 4.Safety will be assessed by vital signs at weeks 4 and 8,and adverse events will be collected during the entire study.Discussion:The tACS applied in this trial may have treatment effects on MDD with minimal side effects.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR1800016479;http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=22048.
文摘Non-invasive brain current stimulation（NIBS） is a promising and versatile tool for inducing neuroplasticity,protection and functional rehabilitation of damaged neuronal systems.It is technically simple,requires no surgery,and has significant beneficial effects.However,there are various technical approaches for NIBS which influence neuronal networks in significantly different ways.Transcranial direct current stimulation（t DCS）,alternating current stimulation（ACS） and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（r TMS） all have been applied to modulate brain activity in animal experiments under normal and pathological conditions.Also clinical trials have shown that t DCS,r TMS and ACS induce significant behavioural effects and can – depending on the parameters chosen – enhance or decrease brain excitability and influence performance and learning as well as rehabilitation and protective mechanisms.The diverse phaenomena and partially opposing effects of NIBS are not yet fully understood and mechanisms of action need to be explored further in order to select appropriate parameters for a given task,such as current type and strength,timing,distribution of current densities and electrode position.In this review,we will discuss the various parameters which need to be considered when designing a NIBS protocol and will put them into context with the envisaged applications in experimental neurobiology and medicine such as vision restoration,motor rehabilitation and cognitive enhancement.
文摘Neurological disorders with symptoms such as chronic pain,depression,and insomnia are widespread.Very weak electric fields applied through the skull can enhance or diminish neural activity and modulate brain waves in order to treat many of these common medical problems.This approach is to be contrasted with well-established pharmacological methods or more recent invasive electrical Deep Brain Stimulation(DBS)techniques that require surgery to insert electrodes deep into the brain.We claim that Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation(NIBS)will provide new treatment methods with much greater simplicity,lower cost,improved safety and in some cases,possibly greater effectiveness.This emerging use of NIBS is a branch of a new multidisciplinary field that we coined Neuro-systems Engineering[1].This field involves neuroscientists,psychologists,and electrical engineers.This emerging field relies on existing standards for the safe implementation of these novel treatment modalities[2].Methods of stimulating the brain are based on emerging electro-technologies such as transcranial Direct Current/Alternating Current(DC/AC)electric fields and pulsed magnetic fields.Application of functional and time-dependent brain imaging methods can be used to locate relevant brain regions and determine the most appropriate stimulation method.Application of tailored and individualized control can be combined with other therapy methods to effectively treat neurological disorders while minimizing or even eliminating the use of pharmaceuticals.In this paper,we are presenting our embodiment for a closed loop,feedback controlled,non-invasive application of electrical stimulation of the brain to enhance individual/group performance or to treat neurological disorders.
文摘认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺等神经递质的释放、增强脑网络局部与远端的同步,达到改善认知功能的效果。特定频率的tACS可以改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)、精神分裂症、抑郁障碍引起的认知功能损害,其中以gamma和theta频率tACS对认知功能的影响最为显著。tACS安全性高,操作难度小,对改善神经精神疾病患者的认知功能具有巨大潜力。
文摘目的:探究额顶叶θ-经颅交流电刺激(theta-transcranial alternating current stimulation,θ-tACS)对健康成年人不同姿势条件下(坐位和站立位)工作记忆表现的影响。方法:本研究为随机、交叉、双盲设计。选取16名健康成年人,以随机顺序进行tACS真刺激和假刺激,两次刺激之间至少间隔72h。tACS方案使用7个电极放置于左侧额顶叶振荡关键脑区,频率选择为6Hz,持续21min。假刺激方案使用与tACS真刺激方案相同的刺激靶区、频率,但只进行1min的刺激(刺激开始和结束各30s)。在刺激前和刺激后即刻评估坐位及站立位n-back工作记忆表现,包括正确率、反应时和逆效率得分。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验观察刺激方式对工作记忆影响的组间及组内差异。结果:15名受试者完成试验,两种刺激条件均未出现明显副作用和不良反应。额顶叶θ-tACS后,坐位工作记忆的反应时、逆效率得分与站立位的反应时改善显著(P<0.05),站立位逆效率得分具有改善趋势(P=0.057);与刺激前相比,假刺激后坐位及站位工作记忆均无显著性差异(均P>0.05)。结论:额顶叶θ-tACS可以改善坐位和站立位不同姿势下的工作记忆表现,有助于健康成年人应对现实生活中的多任务认知活动,具有重要的实践应用价值。
