Synthesis and Crystal Structure of t he Complex of Antimony Trichloride and Dioxane

New solid complex of the antimony trichloride and dioxane was obtained th rough a reaction of the dioxane and the absolute methanol solution of the antimony trichloride.The formula of the complex is[SbCl_(3)·{(CH_(2))_(4)O_(2)}_(1.5)].The crystal structure of the comple x belongs to cubic system,space group I-43d,a=17.1417(5)?,Z=16.The trivalent antimony ion not only bonds directly to three chlorine anions,but also is co ordinated by three oxygen atoms of th e dioxane molecules.Two oxygen atoms in a dioxane molecule wi ll coordinate to different antimony ions,respectively.

Gallium trichloride-catalyzed conjugate addition of indole and pyrrole to α,β-unsaturated ketones in aqueous media

Michael addition of indole and pyrrole to a variety of α, β-unsaturated ketones was efficiently promoted by a catalytic amount of GaCl3 in aqueous media to afford the corresponding products in good to excellent yields.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COMPLEXES OF β－ALKOXYCARBONYLETHYLTIN TRICHLORIDES WITHDBSO AND HMPA

A convenient approach on transesterification to preparing the complexee of β-alkoycarbonylethyltin trichlorides with dibenzylsulfoxide (DBSO) andhexametkylphosphoramide (HMPA) was reported. The structures of complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1HNMR and X-ray single crystal diffraction.The possible mechanism for the transesterification of complexes of β-onylethyltin trichloride with an alcohol was suggested

Iron trichloride as oxidizer in acid slurry for chemical mechanical polishing of Ge_2Sb_2Te_5

The effect of iron trichloride （FeC13） on chemical mechanical polishing （CMP） of Ge2Sb2Te5 （GST） film is inves- tigated in this paper. The polishing rate of GST increases from 38 nm/min to 144 nm/min when the FeC13 concentration changes from 0.01 wt% to 0.15 wt%, which is much faster than 20 nm/min for the 1 wt% H2O2-based slurry. This polish- ing rate trends are inversely correlated with the contact angle data of FeCl3-based slurry on the GST film surface. Thus, it is hypothesized that the hydrophilicity of the GST film surface is associated with the polishing rate during CMP. Atomic force microscope （AFM） and optical microscope （OM） are used to characterize the surface quality after CMP. The chemical mechanism is studied by potentiodynamic measurements such as Ecorr and Icorr to analyze chemical reaction between FeCl3 and GST surface. Finally, it is verified that slurry with FeCl3 has no influence on the electrical property of the post-CMP GST film by the resistivity-temperature （RT） tests.

Synthesis, Structure and Transesterification of the Derivatives of β-Alkoxycarbonylethyltin Trichlorides with Diethyldithiocarbamate

The derivatives of β-alkoxycarbonylethyltin trichlorides with diethyldithiocarbamate,ROCOCH2CH2Sn(S2CNEt2)Cl2, were synthesized and characterized by the means of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The structural features of the compounds were described, and the possible mechanism of transesterification for compound 2a was suggested.

THE SOLUBILITY OF FERROALLOYED NEODYMIUM IN MOLTEN SALT CONTAINING NEODYMIUM TRICHLORIDE

The solubility of ferroalloyed neodymium in molten salt containing neodymium trichloride and the de- pendence of solubility on temperature and composition of the melt are determined by means of electrochemical method.The data obtained are in good agreement with result of chemical analysis of the quenched molten salt samples.

ACYLATIVE CLEAVAGE OF CYCLIC ETHERS CATALYZED BY SAMARIUM TRICHLORIDE

Oxiranes as well as four and five membered rings of cyclic ethers were cleaved with acyl chloride in the presence of samarium trichloride or Eu(hfe)_3 as Lewis-acid catalyst under mild conditions,the oorresponding chloroesters were obtained readily and smoothly in excellent yields.

Effects of Aluminum Trichloride on Structure and Function of Kidney in Chickens

To investigate the effects of aluminum trichloride （AlCl3） on renal structure and function in chickens, the chickens were injected continuously with different gradient AlCl3 for 60 days to establish sub-chronic aluminum （Al） intoxication model. The AI concentration in serum and kidney, contents of creatinine （Cr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） in serum were detected, and the renal structure was also observed by optical microscope. The results showed that the A1 concentration in serum and kidney, the contents of Cr and BUN in serum were significantly higher in Al-treated chickens than those in the control group （P〈0.05; P〈0.01） and there was an AlCl3 dose-depended manner. Histopathologically, in the low dose group, acinus renis swelled mildly and there were no apparent pathological changes in nephric tubule and proximal convoluted tubule. In the middle and high dose group, acinus renis swelled, glomerular cells increased, nephric tubule cloudy swelled, and epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubule swelled. The results indicated that sub-chronic Al exposure impaired the renal structure and function in chickens.

Synthesis and Structure of the Complexes of 2-Alkoxycarbonylalkyltin Trichlorides with 2-Salicylideneaminophenol

The complexes of 2-Alkoxycarbonylalkyltin Trichlorides with 2-Salicylideneamino-phenol have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, lR, 1H-NMR andX-ray single crystal diffraction. The structural features of the complexes are described.

Knoevenagel Condensation of Acetylacetone with AldehydesCatalyzed by a New Catalyst Indium Trichloride

The Knoevenagel condensation of acetylacetone with aldehydes catalyzed by indium trichloride was carried out at room temperature in acetonitrile to give aryl- or alkylideneacetylacetones in moderate to good yields.

Ruthenium Trichloride Catalyzed Highly Efficient Deoximation of Oximes to the Carbonyl Compounds and Nitriles without Acceptors

An acceptor-free catalysis protocol for the deoximation of ketoximes and aldoximes using RuCl3 as the catalyst has been developed. Under the optimized conditions, various oximes were converted to ketones and nitriles with excellent isolated yields.

Bismuth trichloride-catalyzed oxy-Michael addition of water and alcohol to α,β-unsaturated ketones

An efficient method was developed for the conjugate addition of water to various a,β-unsaturated ketones by using bismuth(Ⅲ)chlo ride as a catalyst.The reactions proceeded smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount of BiCl3(20 mol%)in aqueous media to furnish a variety of synthetically usefulβ-hydroxyl ketones in moderate to good yields.Apart from water molecule,various alcohols could also be employed as nucleophiles to react withα,β-unsaturated ketones,leading toβ-alkoxyl ketones in modest to high yields.In addition,the mild reaction conditions also entailed the conjugate addition reactions to proceed with the tolerance to a range of functional groups.

SYNTHESES OF TETRAHYDROFURAN COMPLEXES OF CERIUM(Ⅳ) TETRACHLORIDE AND CYCLOPENTADIENYL CERIUM(Ⅳ) TRICHLORIDE

Most of the organolanthanides are prepared by using their chlorides as starting materials. It is easy to obtain the trichlorides of lanthanides. Cerium tetrachloride has not been prepared owing to its thermal instability. Some of the chloro-complexes of cerium(Ⅳ) with a variety of cations and a few of its complexes with neutral donor ligands have been isolated.

Efficient and convenient preparation of N-tosylimines catalyzed by indium trichloride

A new method for preparation of N-tosylimines by InCl_3-mediated condensation of aldehydes with p-toluenesulfonamide in refluxing benzene is reported.The procedure is lauded by its simplicity,mild reaction conditions,excellent yields and adaptability to electron deficient and electron rich aromatic,andα,β-unsaturated aldehydes.

Investigation of Reaction Mechanism of Amino Acids and Phosphorus Trichloride by 31P NMR and ESI-MS/MS

The reaction of amino acids and phosphorus trichloride in THF was studied by 31P NMR tracing and ESI-MS/MS. A series of hydridophoranes and cyclic dipeptides were obtained. The reaction presented interesting diversity and the reaction mechanism was proposed. The mechanism suggests that phosphorus plays an important role in the synthesis of amino acid hydridophorane and cyclic dipeptides. The results also show that 31P NMR and ESI-MS/MS are useful tools for the investigation of reaction mechanism.

Indium Trichloride-Mediated Facile Synthesis of 3-（Substituted methyithio）-4-phenyl-5-（3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl）- 4H-1,2,4-triazole in Water

An environmentally benign and efficient process for the preparation of 3-（substituted methylthio）-4-phenyl-5- （3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl）-4H-1,2,4-triazole was achieved by the reaction of 4-phenyl-5-（3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl）- 4H- 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with different halides in aqueous media mediated by indium trichloride in high yields.

Approach for the Direct Synthesis of β-Dichlorosubstituted Acetanilides Using Iodine Trichloride （ICI3） as the Oxidant and Catalyst

A reliable method for direct synthesis of β-dichlorosubstituted acetanilides is reported. The key transformation involves the oxidative and catalytic cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond in the presence of iodine trichloride （ICl3）. In this protocol ICl3 is used not only as the catalyst but also as the oxidant which widely broadens the scope of its ap- plication in organic synthetic chemistry.

Boron-Silicon Thin Film Formation Using a Slim Vertical Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor

A boron-silicon film was formed from boron trichloride gas and dichlorosilane gas at about 900℃in ambient hydrogen at atmospheric pressure utilizing a slim vertical cold wall chemical vapor deposition reactor designed for the Minimal Fab system. The gas flow rates were 80, 20 and 0.1 - 20 sccm for the hydrogen, dichlorosilane and boron trichloride gases, respectively. The gas transport condition in the reactor was shown to quickly become stable when evaluated by quartz crystal microbalances at the inlet and outlet. The boron-silicon thin film was formed by achieving the various boron concentrations of 0.16% - 80%, the depth profile of which was flat. By observing the cross-sectional TEM image, the obtained film was dense. The boron trichloride gas is expected to be useful for the quick fabrication of various materials containing boron at significantly low and high concentrations.

CeCl_3·7H_2O as an efficient catalyst for one-pot synthesis of β-amino ketones by three-component Mannich reaction

Cerium trichloride heptahydrate(CeCl_3·7H_2O) was found to be an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the three-component direct Mannich reaction of anilines and benzaldehydes with acetophenone.This protocol has advantages of high yield,no environmental pollution,mild condition,and simple work-up procedure.

Preparation of pure SbCl_3 from lead anode slime bearing high antimony and low silver

A novel treatment process of lead anode slime bearing high antimony and low silver was developed by a potential-controlled chloridization leaching and continuous distillation.The experimental results show a high Sb 3+ concentration,489.2 g/L,in the leaching solution for two-stage countercurrent leaching process,and the leaching rates of Sb,Cu,Bi more than 99% when the potential is controlled at 450 mV.When the leaching solution is distillated and concentrated at 120°C,almost all the silicon compound is evaporated into the concentration distillate and exists as amorphous hydrated silica.By the continuous distillation,high pure SbCl3 could be prepared,and AsCl3 is enriched in the distillate while metals Bi,Cu are enriched in the continuous distillation residue.As a result,the recovery rate of Sb is more than 95%.