AB097.Barriers and facilitators related to the use of optical low vision aids,a scoping review

Background:In recent decades,several studies have been performed in the field of(non-)use of assistive technology devices(ATs)and have found that many variables are likely to be involved in the decision-making process of whether a person with a disability uses or abandons their aids.In low vision rehabilitation,high variability rates and a variety of reasons for non-use of low vision aids has been reported.Determinants of non-use of ATs have previously been categorized into personal factors,ATs factors,environmental factors of the user,and intervention factors.It is probable that some of these factors are also associated with the use of optical low vision aids(OLVAs).Thus,using a framework about adherence with medical interventions,the aim of this scoping review was to explore barriers and facilitators related to OLVAs(non-)use.Methods:Existing guidelines of the scoping review Methods were used to examine and summarize the extent,range,and nature of findings regarding factor categories associated to OLVAs usage.Searches were conducted using the following online databases:Embase,MedLine,and ERIC without limitation on publication dates.A combination of key words and MeSH terms was used based upon the identified core concepts of the research question:(I)low vision;(II)assistive technology;and(III)adherence.A charting form,a flow chart of the study selection process,and a combination of a descriptive numerical analysis and a thematic analysis of 24 studies were performed.Results:The results of this review indicate high variability rates(range:13-50%,M=24%,SD=10%)of people possessing OLVAs but not using them.Most authors do not use a precise definition of“non-use”,and when a definition is provided,the terminology is inconsistent.As expected,the four categories of variables identified are likely to be involved in OLVAs’(non-)use:(I)the largest number of concerns were personal factors.Several aspects regarding personal characteristics were identified,such as demographic,physical,psychological,social-emotional,and occupational factors.Some variables,such as age,diagnosis and visual acuity were reported as contradictorily influencing the OLVAs’usage;(II)ATs factors were associated with quality,appearance,practical aspects of use and the very type of OLVAs;(III)environmental factors referred to social support,physical barriers,expectations of the social environment,presence of a helper,and stigmatization;(IV)finally,intervention factors consisted of taking into account user’s opinions,positive health care experiences,instruction and training,provision processes,delivery periods,and follow-up services.Conclusions:This scoping review provides the preliminary evidence that factors related to OLVAs non-use could be classified into the same four typical categories described in the theory of non-adherence.These results suggest that strategies intended to enhance adherence might be for OLVAs should focus on these four aspects of device use.

Ophthalmic findings in two cases of methanol optic neuropathy with relapsed vision disturbance

【正】Dear Sir,We hereby report two cases of methanol optic neuropathy with relapsed vision disturbance.Methanol intoxication appears after accidental or suicidal oral ingestion of industrial solvents or cleaning and antifreeze liquids or occasionally is due to fraudulent adulteration of wine or other alcoholic beverages.Its ingestion can cause severe visual disturbances and the outcomes of visual disturbances vary diffusively.Some completely or partially recovered,and some suffered

Semi-physical simulation of AUV pipeline tracking

Before the task of autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) was implemented actually,its semi-physical simulation system of pipeline tracking had been designed.This semi-physical simulation system was used to test the software logic,hardware architecture,data interface and reliability of the control system.To implement this system,the whole system plan,including interface computer and the methods of pipeline tracking,was described.Compared to numerical simulation,the semi-physical simulation was used to test the real software and hardware more veritably.In the semi-physical simulation system,tracking experiments of both straight lines and polygonal lines were carried out,considering the influence of ocean current and the situation of buried pipeline.The experimental results indicate that the AUV can do pipeline tracking task,when angles of pipeline are 15°,30°,45° and 60°.In the ocean current of 2 knots,AUV could track buried pipeline.

Human eye ocular component analysis for refractive state and refractive surgery

AIM： To analyze the clinical factors influencing the human vision corrections via the changing of ocular components of human eye in various applications; and to analyze refractive state via a new effective axial length.METHODS： An effective eye model was introduced by the ocular components of human eye including refractive indexes, surface radius（r1, r2, R1, R2） and thickness（t, T） of the cornea and lens, the anterior chamber depth（S1） and the vitreous length（S2）. Gaussian optics was used to calculate the change rate of refractive error per unit amount of ocular components of a human eye（the rate function M）. A new criterion of myopia was presented via an effective axial length.RESULTS： For typical corneal and lens power of 42 and 21.9 diopters, the rate function Mj（j=1 to 6） were calculated for a 1% change of r1, r2, R1, R2, t, T（in diopters） M1=＋0.485, M2=-0.063, M3=＋0.053, M4=＋0.091, M5=＋0.012, and M6=-0.021 diopters. For 1.0 mm increase of S1 and S2, the rate functions were M7=＋1.35, and M8=-2.67 diopter/mm, respectively. These rate functions were used to analyze the clinical outcomes in various applications including laser in situ keratomileusis surgery, corneal cross linking procedure, femtosecond laser surgery and scleral ablation for accommodation.CONCLUSION： Using Gaussian optics, analytic formulas are presented for the change of refractive power due to various ocular parameter changes. These formulas provide useful clinical guidance in refractive surgery and other related procedures.

Three-dimensional catadioptric vision sensor using omnidirectional dot matrix projection

In order to solve the problem of low measurement accuracy caused by uneven imaging resolutions,we develop a three-dimensional catadioptric vision sensor using 20 to 100 lasers arranged in a circular array called omnidirectional dot maxtric projection（ODMP）.Based on the imaging characteristic of the sensor,the ODMP can image the area with a high image resolution.The proposed sensor with ODMP can minimize the loss of the detail information by adjusting the projection density.In evaluating the performance of the sensor,real experiments show the designed sensor has high efficiency and high precision for the measurement of the inner surfaces of pipelines.