以牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆为发酵原料,研究多原料混合发酵产甲烷的最佳配比,并利用冈珀茨模型(Gompertz model)分析不同原料配比混合发酵产甲烷的动力学特性。结果显示牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆三者混合的产甲烷效果优于牛粪或猪粪与玉米秸秆...以牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆为发酵原料,研究多原料混合发酵产甲烷的最佳配比,并利用冈珀茨模型(Gompertz model)分析不同原料配比混合发酵产甲烷的动力学特性。结果显示牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆三者混合的产甲烷效果优于牛粪或猪粪与玉米秸秆两者混合的发酵效果,且在牛粪、猪粪、玉米秸秆干物质的质量配比为1.5∶1.5∶1时,混合发酵的产甲烷量和产甲烷速率最高,分别为10114.71 m L和536.14 m L/d。展开更多
糖蜜酒精废水中高浓度的硫酸盐会抑制生化处理产甲烷性能。该文采用活性炭、Ba Cl2·2H2O、Ca(OH)2及铁碳微电池法对糖蜜酒精废水中的硫酸盐进行预处理,并分析了预处理前后硫酸根及化学需氧量COD的变化,同时,也分析评价了几种方法...糖蜜酒精废水中高浓度的硫酸盐会抑制生化处理产甲烷性能。该文采用活性炭、Ba Cl2·2H2O、Ca(OH)2及铁碳微电池法对糖蜜酒精废水中的硫酸盐进行预处理,并分析了预处理前后硫酸根及化学需氧量COD的变化,同时,也分析评价了几种方法对产气性能的影响。结果表明:在500.0 g糖蜜酒精废水中加入8.0 g活性炭,硫酸根去除率达80.0%以上,且产气性能相对最好,累计产气率可达437.3 m L/g。在500.0 g糖蜜酒精废水中,根据S元素含量和Ba SO4的分子组成比例,添加70%的化学试剂Ba Cl2·2H2O,能全部去除硫酸根,累计产气率可达483.2 m L/g,产气效果相对最好,同等条件下,添加70%的Ca(OH)2,硫酸根也能全部去除,累计产气率可达436.6 m L/g。铁碳微电池处理的糖蜜酒精废水,能有效抑制硫酸根的影响,并且可以提高废水的可生化性,累计产气率为451.0 m L/g,是对照处理293.1 m L/g的1.5倍。各处理效果的产气性能排序为70%Ba Cl2·2H2O>铁碳微电池>8.0 g活性炭吸附>70%Ca(OH)2>对照组。展开更多
NiSAPO-34 and NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5 were prepared and evaluated for the performance of dimethyl ether （DME） conversion to light olefins （DTO）. The processes of two-stage light olefin production, DME synthesis and the f...NiSAPO-34 and NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5 were prepared and evaluated for the performance of dimethyl ether （DME） conversion to light olefins （DTO）. The processes of two-stage light olefin production, DME synthesis and the following DTO, were also investigated using biosyngas as feed gas over Cu/Zn/A1/HZSM-5 and the optimized 2%NiSAPO-34/HZSM- 5. The results indicated that adding 2%Ni to SAPO-34 did not change its topology structure, but resulted in the forming of the moderately strong acidity with decreasing acid amounts, which slightly enhanced DME conversion activity and C2=-C3= selectiw ity. Mechanically mixing 2%NiSAPO-34 with HZSM-5 at the weight ratio of 3.0 further prolonged DME conversion activity to be more than 3 h, which was due to the stable acid sites from HZSM-5. The highest selectivity to light olefins of 90.8% was achieved at 2 h time on stream. The application of the optimized 2%NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5 in the second-stage reactor for DTO reaction showed that the catalytic activity was steady for more than 5 h and light olefin yield was as high as 84.6 g/m3syngas when the biosyngas （H2/CO/CO2/N2/CH4=41.5/26.9/14.2/14.6/2.89, vol%） with low H/C ratio of 1.0 was used as feed gas.展开更多
The rules on regulating aromatic compounds production was investigated by aqueous cat- alytic reforming of sorbitol. It was found that aromatics, ketones, furans, organic acids were main compounds in organic phase. Th...The rules on regulating aromatic compounds production was investigated by aqueous cat- alytic reforming of sorbitol. It was found that aromatics, ketones, furans, organic acids were main compounds in organic phase. The obvious effect of metal content showed that the highest carbon selectivity of aromatics was 34.36% when 3wt% Ni content was loaded on HZSM-5 zeolite modified by MCM-41. However, it was decreased only to 4.82% when Ni content was improved to 20wt%. Meanwhile, different reaction parameters also displayed important impacts on carbon selectivity. It was improved with the increase of temperature, while it was decreased as liquid hourly space velocity and hydrogen pressure was increased. The results showed that appropriate higher temperature, longer contact time and lower hy- drogen pressure were in favor of aromatics information, which suggested a feasible process to solve energy crisis.展开更多
文摘以牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆为发酵原料,研究多原料混合发酵产甲烷的最佳配比,并利用冈珀茨模型(Gompertz model)分析不同原料配比混合发酵产甲烷的动力学特性。结果显示牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆三者混合的产甲烷效果优于牛粪或猪粪与玉米秸秆两者混合的发酵效果,且在牛粪、猪粪、玉米秸秆干物质的质量配比为1.5∶1.5∶1时,混合发酵的产甲烷量和产甲烷速率最高,分别为10114.71 m L和536.14 m L/d。
文摘糖蜜酒精废水中高浓度的硫酸盐会抑制生化处理产甲烷性能。该文采用活性炭、Ba Cl2·2H2O、Ca(OH)2及铁碳微电池法对糖蜜酒精废水中的硫酸盐进行预处理,并分析了预处理前后硫酸根及化学需氧量COD的变化,同时,也分析评价了几种方法对产气性能的影响。结果表明:在500.0 g糖蜜酒精废水中加入8.0 g活性炭,硫酸根去除率达80.0%以上,且产气性能相对最好,累计产气率可达437.3 m L/g。在500.0 g糖蜜酒精废水中,根据S元素含量和Ba SO4的分子组成比例,添加70%的化学试剂Ba Cl2·2H2O,能全部去除硫酸根,累计产气率可达483.2 m L/g,产气效果相对最好,同等条件下,添加70%的Ca(OH)2,硫酸根也能全部去除,累计产气率可达436.6 m L/g。铁碳微电池处理的糖蜜酒精废水,能有效抑制硫酸根的影响,并且可以提高废水的可生化性,累计产气率为451.0 m L/g,是对照处理293.1 m L/g的1.5倍。各处理效果的产气性能排序为70%Ba Cl2·2H2O>铁碳微电池>8.0 g活性炭吸附>70%Ca(OH)2>对照组。
基金ACKNOWLEDGM ENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51006110, No.51276183, and No.51036006）, the National Natural Research Foundation of China/Japan Science and Technology Agency （No.51161140331）, and National Key Basic Research Program 973 Project Founded by MOST of China （No.2013CB228105）.
文摘NiSAPO-34 and NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5 were prepared and evaluated for the performance of dimethyl ether （DME） conversion to light olefins （DTO）. The processes of two-stage light olefin production, DME synthesis and the following DTO, were also investigated using biosyngas as feed gas over Cu/Zn/A1/HZSM-5 and the optimized 2%NiSAPO-34/HZSM- 5. The results indicated that adding 2%Ni to SAPO-34 did not change its topology structure, but resulted in the forming of the moderately strong acidity with decreasing acid amounts, which slightly enhanced DME conversion activity and C2=-C3= selectiw ity. Mechanically mixing 2%NiSAPO-34 with HZSM-5 at the weight ratio of 3.0 further prolonged DME conversion activity to be more than 3 h, which was due to the stable acid sites from HZSM-5. The highest selectivity to light olefins of 90.8% was achieved at 2 h time on stream. The application of the optimized 2%NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5 in the second-stage reactor for DTO reaction showed that the catalytic activity was steady for more than 5 h and light olefin yield was as high as 84.6 g/m3syngas when the biosyngas （H2/CO/CO2/N2/CH4=41.5/26.9/14.2/14.6/2.89, vol%） with low H/C ratio of 1.0 was used as feed gas.
文摘The rules on regulating aromatic compounds production was investigated by aqueous cat- alytic reforming of sorbitol. It was found that aromatics, ketones, furans, organic acids were main compounds in organic phase. The obvious effect of metal content showed that the highest carbon selectivity of aromatics was 34.36% when 3wt% Ni content was loaded on HZSM-5 zeolite modified by MCM-41. However, it was decreased only to 4.82% when Ni content was improved to 20wt%. Meanwhile, different reaction parameters also displayed important impacts on carbon selectivity. It was improved with the increase of temperature, while it was decreased as liquid hourly space velocity and hydrogen pressure was increased. The results showed that appropriate higher temperature, longer contact time and lower hy- drogen pressure were in favor of aromatics information, which suggested a feasible process to solve energy crisis.
