帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)是严重影响老年人健康的神经系统变性疾病。吞咽障碍是PD常见的非运动障碍,在临床上具有隐蔽性、进行性发展等特点,是吸入性肺炎致死的重要原因。PD吞咽功能障碍可以通过相关量表、纤维内窥镜吞咽检查(FE...帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)是严重影响老年人健康的神经系统变性疾病。吞咽障碍是PD常见的非运动障碍,在临床上具有隐蔽性、进行性发展等特点,是吸入性肺炎致死的重要原因。PD吞咽功能障碍可以通过相关量表、纤维内窥镜吞咽检查(FEES)和电视透视吞咽检查(VFSS)等进行评估。目前尚无证据证实药物治疗能够完全改善患者的吞咽功能。近年来,康复治疗作为针对PD患者吞咽障碍的治疗手段备受关注。故本文围绕PD患者吞咽困难的评估及康复治疗进展予以综述。Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that seriously affects the health of the elderly. Dysphagia is a common non-motor disorder in PD. It has the characteristics of concealment and progressive development in clinical practice, and is an important cause of death in aspiration pneumonia PD swallowing dysfunction can be related to scale, fiber endoscope (feeds) and TV fluoroscopy swallow check (VFSS) and so on. At present, there is no evidence that drug treatment can completely improve the swallowing function of patients. In recent years, rehabilitation therapy as a treatment for PD patients with swallowing difficulties. Therefore, this article around the assessment of the PD patients with dysphagia and rehabilitation progress were reviewed.展开更多
病毒性脑炎是中枢神经系统常见的感染性疾病。目前主要通过患者的临床表现、脑电图、脑脊液检查,同时结合影像学和病原学检查结果确诊。部分患者治疗后遗留有精神症状、癫痫等的神经系统后遗症,严重影响患者的预后。因此,早期诊断并优...病毒性脑炎是中枢神经系统常见的感染性疾病。目前主要通过患者的临床表现、脑电图、脑脊液检查,同时结合影像学和病原学检查结果确诊。部分患者治疗后遗留有精神症状、癫痫等的神经系统后遗症,严重影响患者的预后。因此,早期诊断并优化治疗方案是降低疾病不良预后的关键。本文就病毒性脑炎诊断技术的最新进展做一综述。Viral encephalitis is a prevalent infectious disorder of the central nervous system. Recently, the diagnosis was confirmed by clinical manifestations, EEG, cerebrospinal fluid examination, combined with imaging and etiological examination results. Some patients have neurological sequelae such as residual mental symptoms and epilepsy after treatment, which seriously affect the prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and optimal treatment are key to reducing the adverse prognosis of the disease. This article reviews the latest progress in the diagnosis of viral encephalitis.展开更多
目的探讨同型半胱氨酸硫内酯(HTL)对缺氧神经母细胞瘤系细胞内质网应激途径相关因子表达的影响。方法选取人神经母细胞瘤株SHSY5Y细胞采用氯化钴作用24 h制作缺氧模型后,分为模型组、试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组,每组5例,后4组...目的探讨同型半胱氨酸硫内酯(HTL)对缺氧神经母细胞瘤系细胞内质网应激途径相关因子表达的影响。方法选取人神经母细胞瘤株SHSY5Y细胞采用氯化钴作用24 h制作缺氧模型后,分为模型组、试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组,每组5例,后4组分别加入HTL 50、100、200和400μmol/L同时刺激。另取处于对数生长期的SHSY5Y细胞为对照组(n=5)。检测各组细胞活性,免疫组织化学染色观察模型组和试验D组、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶(Caspase)-12和Caspase-3及TNF-α蛋白表达,ELISA检测各组上述3种蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,模型组细胞活力明显降低(0.922±0.039 vs 1.143±0.076,P=0.000)。试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组细胞活力明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学染色显示,与模型组比较,试验D组TNF-α蛋白表达明显升高(0.34±0.04 vs 0.26±0.01,P=0.014)。模型组、试验A组~D组的Caspase-3、Caspase-12、TNF-α蛋白表达呈上升趋势。与对照组比较,试验C组Caspase-3和试验D组Caspase-3、Caspase-12、TNF-α蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01)。结论HTL可能通过Caspase-12凋亡途径及TNF-α激活,抑制细胞生长,促进细胞炎性反应发生及凋亡,加重缺氧后损伤。展开更多
文摘帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)是严重影响老年人健康的神经系统变性疾病。吞咽障碍是PD常见的非运动障碍,在临床上具有隐蔽性、进行性发展等特点,是吸入性肺炎致死的重要原因。PD吞咽功能障碍可以通过相关量表、纤维内窥镜吞咽检查(FEES)和电视透视吞咽检查(VFSS)等进行评估。目前尚无证据证实药物治疗能够完全改善患者的吞咽功能。近年来,康复治疗作为针对PD患者吞咽障碍的治疗手段备受关注。故本文围绕PD患者吞咽困难的评估及康复治疗进展予以综述。Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that seriously affects the health of the elderly. Dysphagia is a common non-motor disorder in PD. It has the characteristics of concealment and progressive development in clinical practice, and is an important cause of death in aspiration pneumonia PD swallowing dysfunction can be related to scale, fiber endoscope (feeds) and TV fluoroscopy swallow check (VFSS) and so on. At present, there is no evidence that drug treatment can completely improve the swallowing function of patients. In recent years, rehabilitation therapy as a treatment for PD patients with swallowing difficulties. Therefore, this article around the assessment of the PD patients with dysphagia and rehabilitation progress were reviewed.
文摘病毒性脑炎是中枢神经系统常见的感染性疾病。目前主要通过患者的临床表现、脑电图、脑脊液检查,同时结合影像学和病原学检查结果确诊。部分患者治疗后遗留有精神症状、癫痫等的神经系统后遗症,严重影响患者的预后。因此,早期诊断并优化治疗方案是降低疾病不良预后的关键。本文就病毒性脑炎诊断技术的最新进展做一综述。Viral encephalitis is a prevalent infectious disorder of the central nervous system. Recently, the diagnosis was confirmed by clinical manifestations, EEG, cerebrospinal fluid examination, combined with imaging and etiological examination results. Some patients have neurological sequelae such as residual mental symptoms and epilepsy after treatment, which seriously affect the prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and optimal treatment are key to reducing the adverse prognosis of the disease. This article reviews the latest progress in the diagnosis of viral encephalitis.
文摘目的探讨同型半胱氨酸硫内酯(HTL)对缺氧神经母细胞瘤系细胞内质网应激途径相关因子表达的影响。方法选取人神经母细胞瘤株SHSY5Y细胞采用氯化钴作用24 h制作缺氧模型后,分为模型组、试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组,每组5例,后4组分别加入HTL 50、100、200和400μmol/L同时刺激。另取处于对数生长期的SHSY5Y细胞为对照组(n=5)。检测各组细胞活性,免疫组织化学染色观察模型组和试验D组、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶(Caspase)-12和Caspase-3及TNF-α蛋白表达,ELISA检测各组上述3种蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,模型组细胞活力明显降低(0.922±0.039 vs 1.143±0.076,P=0.000)。试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组细胞活力明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学染色显示,与模型组比较,试验D组TNF-α蛋白表达明显升高(0.34±0.04 vs 0.26±0.01,P=0.014)。模型组、试验A组~D组的Caspase-3、Caspase-12、TNF-α蛋白表达呈上升趋势。与对照组比较,试验C组Caspase-3和试验D组Caspase-3、Caspase-12、TNF-α蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01)。结论HTL可能通过Caspase-12凋亡途径及TNF-α激活,抑制细胞生长,促进细胞炎性反应发生及凋亡,加重缺氧后损伤。
