Given its population of CCR5-expressing, immunologically activated CD4 +T cells, the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. Recent studies have shown th...Given its population of CCR5-expressing, immunologically activated CD4 +T cells, the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. Recent studies have shown that, as in macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), intestinal CD4 +T cells are selectively and rapidly depleted in the intestine of HIV-infected patients. Depletion of intestinal CD4 +T cells occurred at all stages of infection regardless of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Here we discuss the important implications of the recent findings for our understanding of HIV pathogenesis, treatment, and vaccine design. The major significance is that it supports a simple hypothesis to explain the pathogenesis of HIV infection, that most HIV replication occurs in the intestine and that disease progression may correlate with turnover of specific cell subsets in mucosal tissues.展开更多
The mammal evolved large numbers of antiviral genes during the long-term choice of the virus infections. In recent years, some proper non-cytolytic anti-HIV-1 factors, for examples, the CAF, APOBEC and Trim5α were di...The mammal evolved large numbers of antiviral genes during the long-term choice of the virus infections. In recent years, some proper non-cytolytic anti-HIV-1 factors, for examples, the CAF, APOBEC and Trim5α were discovered continuously in different primate species. These findings bring the bright prospect to further understand the interaction mechanism between HIV-1 and its host, and new therapeutic prophylactic strategies to fight HIV-1 infections were developed. Particularly for exciting is, these researches all give a new path for a kind of latently, making use of proper composition to cure HIV-1 infections. Accordingly, this paper will review these researches.展开更多
文摘Given its population of CCR5-expressing, immunologically activated CD4 +T cells, the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. Recent studies have shown that, as in macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), intestinal CD4 +T cells are selectively and rapidly depleted in the intestine of HIV-infected patients. Depletion of intestinal CD4 +T cells occurred at all stages of infection regardless of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Here we discuss the important implications of the recent findings for our understanding of HIV pathogenesis, treatment, and vaccine design. The major significance is that it supports a simple hypothesis to explain the pathogenesis of HIV infection, that most HIV replication occurs in the intestine and that disease progression may correlate with turnover of specific cell subsets in mucosal tissues.
文摘The mammal evolved large numbers of antiviral genes during the long-term choice of the virus infections. In recent years, some proper non-cytolytic anti-HIV-1 factors, for examples, the CAF, APOBEC and Trim5α were discovered continuously in different primate species. These findings bring the bright prospect to further understand the interaction mechanism between HIV-1 and its host, and new therapeutic prophylactic strategies to fight HIV-1 infections were developed. Particularly for exciting is, these researches all give a new path for a kind of latently, making use of proper composition to cure HIV-1 infections. Accordingly, this paper will review these researches.
