The atmospheric residue from Kalamayi Refinery was hydrocracked in a batch autocalve in the presence of an oil-soluble catalyst. The reaction products was separated into IBP～180?℃,180?℃～360?℃,360?℃～500?℃ and &...The atmospheric residue from Kalamayi Refinery was hydrocracked in a batch autocalve in the presence of an oil-soluble catalyst. The reaction products was separated into IBP～180?℃,180?℃～360?℃,360?℃～500?℃ and >500?℃. The total nitrogen was determined by boat-inlet chemiluminescence. The basic nitrogen in each fraction was determined by non-aqueous potentiometric titration. The effects of catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time on nitrogen distribution in products of slurry-bed hydrocracking of the the residue were studied. It shown that, the basic nitrogen and total nitrogen in the products were mainly concentrated into >500?℃ residue. Only about 10% of the basic nitrogen and total nitrogen were in gasoline and diesel oil. On the other hand, the ratio of the basic nitrogen to the total nitrogen in the fraction depended on the boiling point of the fraction and decreased from about 50% in gasoline to about 30% in cracked residue.展开更多
Using steady isotope labeled tetralin and naphthalene, the mechanism of thermal cracking, hydro cracking and catalytic hydro cracking reaction of hydrogen donors and n eicosane is studied It is found that the effe...Using steady isotope labeled tetralin and naphthalene, the mechanism of thermal cracking, hydro cracking and catalytic hydro cracking reaction of hydrogen donors and n eicosane is studied It is found that the effect of hydrogen donor is inhibition of cracking reaction and the dehydrogenation of tetralin is stepwise and the α hydrogen of naphthenic ring is easier to dehydrogenated than the β hydrogen The ratio of dehydrogenation selectivity of α hydrogen and β hydrogen exhibits in this order: thermal cracking>hydro cracking >catalytic hydrocracking The reaction in the binary system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene shows that there is no tetralin in the thermal cracking system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene and there is a little tetralin in the hydro cracking system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene, however, there are remarkable tetralin in the catalytic hydro cracking reaction of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene The MS analysis of recovered nC 20 in catalytic hydrocracking system, which is different from the MS analysis in thermal cracking and hydro cracking system, demonstrates that the inhibition cracking of n eicosane by tetralin is ascribed to the dehydrogenation of tetralin for scavenging the展开更多
Many specifications of paving asphalts are closely related to their colloidal stability, which is, however, determined by their exact chemical compositions. The Yumen vacuum residue (YVR), the bottoms of a paraffinic...Many specifications of paving asphalts are closely related to their colloidal stability, which is, however, determined by their exact chemical compositions. The Yumen vacuum residue (YVR), the bottoms of a paraffinic crude oil is unfit for the production of highway paving asphalts directly, Neither are the de-oiled asphalts of the YVR. In this research a blending method and an optimal process of solvent de-asphalts are adopted to investigate the feasibility of formulating highway-paving asphalts from YVR. Results show that highway paving asphalts are formulated by blending solvent de-oiled asphalts with one or more of the materials including YVR, decanted oil from FCC process, and furfural extracts from lubricating base stocks. Further investigations indicate that adding oil decanted from FCC process to the solvent de-asphalting process can increase the de-asphalted oil production, improve the de-oiled asphalts quality, and thus optimize the refinery processes. The methodology of this research can be extended even to refineries processing non-paraffinic crude oils.展开更多
文摘The atmospheric residue from Kalamayi Refinery was hydrocracked in a batch autocalve in the presence of an oil-soluble catalyst. The reaction products was separated into IBP～180?℃,180?℃～360?℃,360?℃～500?℃ and >500?℃. The total nitrogen was determined by boat-inlet chemiluminescence. The basic nitrogen in each fraction was determined by non-aqueous potentiometric titration. The effects of catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time on nitrogen distribution in products of slurry-bed hydrocracking of the the residue were studied. It shown that, the basic nitrogen and total nitrogen in the products were mainly concentrated into >500?℃ residue. Only about 10% of the basic nitrogen and total nitrogen were in gasoline and diesel oil. On the other hand, the ratio of the basic nitrogen to the total nitrogen in the fraction depended on the boiling point of the fraction and decreased from about 50% in gasoline to about 30% in cracked residue.
文摘Using steady isotope labeled tetralin and naphthalene, the mechanism of thermal cracking, hydro cracking and catalytic hydro cracking reaction of hydrogen donors and n eicosane is studied It is found that the effect of hydrogen donor is inhibition of cracking reaction and the dehydrogenation of tetralin is stepwise and the α hydrogen of naphthenic ring is easier to dehydrogenated than the β hydrogen The ratio of dehydrogenation selectivity of α hydrogen and β hydrogen exhibits in this order: thermal cracking>hydro cracking >catalytic hydrocracking The reaction in the binary system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene shows that there is no tetralin in the thermal cracking system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene and there is a little tetralin in the hydro cracking system of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene, however, there are remarkable tetralin in the catalytic hydro cracking reaction of n eicosane and dueterated naphthalene The MS analysis of recovered nC 20 in catalytic hydrocracking system, which is different from the MS analysis in thermal cracking and hydro cracking system, demonstrates that the inhibition cracking of n eicosane by tetralin is ascribed to the dehydrogenation of tetralin for scavenging the
文摘Many specifications of paving asphalts are closely related to their colloidal stability, which is, however, determined by their exact chemical compositions. The Yumen vacuum residue (YVR), the bottoms of a paraffinic crude oil is unfit for the production of highway paving asphalts directly, Neither are the de-oiled asphalts of the YVR. In this research a blending method and an optimal process of solvent de-asphalts are adopted to investigate the feasibility of formulating highway-paving asphalts from YVR. Results show that highway paving asphalts are formulated by blending solvent de-oiled asphalts with one or more of the materials including YVR, decanted oil from FCC process, and furfural extracts from lubricating base stocks. Further investigations indicate that adding oil decanted from FCC process to the solvent de-asphalting process can increase the de-asphalted oil production, improve the de-oiled asphalts quality, and thus optimize the refinery processes. The methodology of this research can be extended even to refineries processing non-paraffinic crude oils.
