Finite-Time Thermodynamic Simulation of Circulating Direct Condensation Heat Recovery on Chillers

A time series model is used in this paper to describe the progress of circulating direct condensation heat recovery of the compound condensing process (CCP) which is made of two water cooling condensing processes in series for a centrifugal chiller in the paper. A finite-time thermodynamics method is used to set up the time series simulation model. As a result, an upper bound of recoverable condensation heat for the compound condensing process is obtained which is in good agreement with experimental result. And the result is valuable and useful to optimization design of condensing heat recovery.

自然工质CO2在风冷热泵复合冷凝系统中换热特性的时间序列分析

为研究自然工质CO2在风冷热泵复合冷凝系统中的热力学特性,引入有限时间热力学与■分析方法,采用MATLAB/SIMULINK进行仿真,建立了自然工质CO2在风冷热泵复合冷凝系统的时间序列模型,模拟和测试了自然工质CO2在风冷热泵复合冷凝系统中的热力学特性,并与自然工质CO2单制冷系统及原风冷热泵复合冷凝系统的性能做了对比。结果表明:制热水模式下,两个风冷热泵复合冷凝系统的■效率都随用户要求的卫生热水水温温度升高而降低;达到用户需要水温53℃时,自然工质CO2风冷热泵复合冷凝系统卫生热水机组运行约需18 min,而R22风冷热泵复合冷凝系统约为30 min。复合冷凝模式下自然工质CO2风冷热泵系统的COP(coefficient of performance)为4.7左右,比R22风冷热泵系统略高。

Thermodynamic Simulation of CCP in Air-Cooled Heat Pump Unit with HFCs and CO₂Trans-Critical

The exergy analysis and finite time thermodynamic methods had been employed to analyze the compound condensation process (CCP). It was based on the air-cooling heat pump unit. The cooling capacity of the chiller unit is about 1 kW, and the work refrigerant is R22/R407C/R410A/CO2. The MATLAB/SIMULINK software was employed to build the simulation model. The thermodynamic simulation model is significant for the optimization of parameters of the unit, such as condensation and evaporation temperature and mass flow of the sanitary hot water and size of hot water storage tank. The COP of the CCP of R410A system is about 3% - 5% higher than the CCP of the R22 system, while CCP of the R407C system is a little lower than the CCP of R22 system. And the CCP of CO2 trans-critical system has advantage in the hot supply mode. The simulation method provided a theoretical reference for developing the production of CCP with substitute refrigerant R407C/R410A/CO2.

水冷多联分离式热管数据机房节能潜力分析

水冷多联分离式热管系统被提出用于冷却数据机房,该系统综合了自然冷却技术和变频技术的优点,能够有效地降低制冷系统的能耗。为了探索水冷多联分离式热管系统相对于传统空调系统的节能潜力:首先,建立了水冷多联分离式热管系统的传热模型并且利用实验进行了验证,得知其相对误差在±10%以内;其次,通过建立的水冷多联分离式热管系统的能耗模型确定了系统的最佳送风温度设定值和供水温度设定值,其值分别是24?C和15?C;最后,对比分析冷却系统#1～#3的全年运行能耗,获得了水冷多联分离式热管系统(#3)相对于是否利用湖水源的传统空调系统(#2与#1)的节能率,其节能率分别为11.3%和68.8%。

空调系统能效的有限时间热力学评价方法及算例

本文引入能反应实际运行状况的有限时间热力学分析方法,针对某典型100 kW风冷精密空调进行分析,并提出以全年为一计算周期,来计算和评价制冷系统的能效。应用SIMULINK仿真软件建立制冷系统的逐时仿真模型,将长沙地区全年的室外气温作为输入参数。结果表明,该方法能提高评价制冷系统的精度,可以为热力系统的分析与能效评价提供参考。

Energy Saving Model and Calculation Example of Three Cooling Schemes for Data Center in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Area

In order to achieve the goal of “carbon peak” in 2030 and “carbon neutralization” in 2060, the task of energy conservation has risen to the national strategic level, and its work is urgent. It focuses on energy saving and energy consumption in data center, 5G network and other fields. The gravity heat pipe double cycle air conditioning is a kind of room air conditioning which uses natural cooling source with high efficiency. According to the outdoor meteorological parameters of ten typical cities in China, the calculation model of unit hybrid refrigeration mode is established by using integral method. A simplified algorithm for statistical summation is proposed. Then it compares with the same type of refrigerant pump air conditioner, water-cooled chiller and natural cooling plate. The results show that the annual operation time of gravity heat pipe double cycle air conditioner is 50.8% longer than that of refrigerant pump air conditioner. Then the calculation model is verified by the annual actual operation data of a data center in Changsha. The results show that the double cycle air conditioner with gravity heat pipe can save about 34% energy compared with the chiller. The accuracy of the calculation model is 17.5%, which meets the engineering accuracy requirements. The application of gravity heat pipe double cycle air conditioning in hot summer and cold winter area is a scheme worthy of popularization and application.

Finite time thermodynamic analysis and optimization of water cooled multi-spilit heat pipe system(MSHPS)

This study focuses on the heat transfer characteristics of the evaporation terminal,the cool distribute unit(CDU)and refrigerant flow distribution of a water cooled multi-spilit heat pipe system(MSHPS)used in data center.The finite time thermodynamic analysis,the exergy method and the software SIMULINK was employed to build the simulation model of the combined system.The results show that the IT servers should concentrate on arranging at the location below 1.3 m.The CDU has a heat transfer of about 74 J in a period of 6 s.And the optimum flow rate of the CDU is 0.82 kg/s.The flow distribution characteristic of a CDU which connect 2 heat pipe evaporator terminals of 6 kW was calculated,and the working fluid is R22.Then the free cooling time,part time free cooling and energy saving potential in major cities of China were analysised.The energy saving potential is from 61%to 25%.The results are of great significance for the operational control and practical application of a MSHPS and other pipe-net systems.