Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression of infertile women: A meta-analysis

Objective:To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression in infertile women.Methods:This study was performed in 2019 by searching Google Scholar,Scopus,PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane library,EMBASE,Proquest,ISI Web of Science,MagIran,SID and IranMedex.Eligible studies were selected by two reviewers and outcomes of interest were extracted.The meta-analysis was performed using the random effect models.Ⅰ-square statistic test was used for heterogeneity analysis.Presence of publication bias was also checked.Results:Eleven studies were included in this review.Between-group differences(cognitive behavioral therapy and control groups)in risk ratio for infertile women's depression was d=-1.36;95%CI=-1.81,-0.90;P<0.001.For infertile women's anxiety,between-group differences in risk ratio wasd=-0.83;95%CI=-1.18,-0.47;P<0.001.Conclusions:Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in the reduction of depression and anxiety in patients with or withoutin vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment.However,the lack of high-quality studies makes it challenging to make a solid and precise conclusion.Well-designed studies should be undertaken in the future to confirm these results.

Illness Perception, Treatment Adherence and Coping in Persons with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Angioplasty

Background and Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of sudden death. In this article, we compared patients’ illness perception (IP), treatment adherence and coping mechanisms of patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods: In this descriptive, prospective observational study IP, treatment adherence and coping of 140 patients were evaluated pre-PTCA, at the time of hospital discharge and 1 to 3 months post-PTCA by Illness Perception Questionnaire, Morisky Treatment Adherence and Carver’s brief COPE questionnaires. Results: 1 - 3 months post-PTCA, all dimensions of IP changed significantly except personal and treatment control. Adherence scores decreased simultaneously. With respect to coping mechanisms, all increased except behavioral disengagement, emotional support, instrumental support and religion which decreased significantly post-PTCA. Conclusions: In Overall, an improved IP and increased use of controllable causal attributions led to an increase in medication adherence and adaptive coping strategies. Post-treatment health behaviors are predictable by assessing patients’ illness-related beliefs beforehand.

Effect of gluten free diet on gastrointestinal and behavioral indices for children with autism spectrum disorders:a randomized clinical trial

Background:Genetic and environmental factors are both responsible for the etiology of autism spectrum disorders(ASD).Although epidemiological studies have been conducted to clarify the association between restriction diets and ASD,the conclusion remains unclear.This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of gluten free diet(GFD)on gastrointestinal symptoms and behavioral indices in children with ASD.Methods:In this randomized clinical trial,80 children diagnosed with ASD by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised(ADI-R)were assigned into GFD(n=40)and regular diet(RD)(n=40)groups for 6 weeks.At the beginning and end of the intervention,the ROMEШquestionnaire for evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms and Gilliam Autism Rating Scale 2 questionnaire(GARS-2)for assessing psychometric properties were completed.Results:Of the 80 children,53.9%had gastrointestinal abnormalities.In the GFD group,the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms decreased significantly(P<0.05)after intake of GFD(40.57%vs.17.10%)but increased insignificantly in the RD group(42.45%vs.44.05%).GFD intervention resulted in a significant decrease in behavioral disorders(80.03±14.07 vs.75.82±15.37,P<0.05)but an insignificant increase in the RD group(79.92±15.49 vs.80.92±16.24).Conclusion:This study suggested that GFD may be effective in controlling gastrointestinal symptoms and ASD behaviors.