Intelligent Smart Grid Stability Predictive Model for Cyber-Physical Energy Systems

A cyber physical energy system(CPES)involves a combination of pro-cessing,network,and physical processes.The smart grid plays a vital role in the CPES model where information technology(IT)can be related to the physical system.At the same time,the machine learning(ML)modelsfind useful for the smart grids integrated into the CPES for effective decision making.Also,the smart grids using ML and deep learning(DL)models are anticipated to lessen the requirement of placing many power plants for electricity utilization.In this aspect,this study designs optimal multi-head attention based bidirectional long short term memory(OMHA-MBLSTM)technique for smart grid stability predic-tion in CPES.The proposed OMHA-MBLSTM technique involves three subpro-cesses such as pre-processing,prediction,and hyperparameter optimization.The OMHA-MBLSTM technique employs min-max normalization as a pre-proces-sing step.Besides,the MBLSTM model is applied for the prediction of stability level of the smart grids in CPES.At the same time,the moth swarm algorithm(MHA)is utilized for optimally modifying the hyperparameters involved in the MBLSTM model.To ensure the enhanced outcomes of the OMHA-MBLSTM technique,a series of simulations were carried out and the results are inspected under several aspects.The experimental results pointed out the better outcomes of the OMHA-MBLSTM technique over the recent models.

Optimal Sparse Autoencoder Based Sleep Stage Classification Using Biomedical Signals

The recently developed machine learning(ML)models have the ability to obtain high detection rate using biomedical signals.Therefore,this article develops an Optimal Sparse Autoencoder based Sleep Stage Classification Model on Electroencephalography(EEG)Biomedical Signals,named OSAE-SSCEEG technique.The major intention of the OSAE-SSCEEG technique is tofind the sleep stage disorders using the EEG biomedical signals.The OSAE-SSCEEG technique primarily undergoes preprocessing using min-max data normalization approach.Moreover,the classification of sleep stages takes place using the Sparse Autoencoder with Smoothed Regularization(SAE-SR)with softmax(SM)approach.Finally,the parameter optimization of the SAE-SR technique is carried out by the use of Coyote Optimization Algorithm(COA)and it leads to boosted classification efficiency.In order to ensure the enhanced performance of the OSAE-SSCEEG technique,a wide ranging simulation analysis is performed and the obtained results demonstrate the betterment of the OSAE-SSCEEG tech-nique over the recent methods.

Colliding Bodies Optimization with Machine Learning Based Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the primary vital degenerative diseases that affect the Central Nervous System among elderly patients.It affect their quality of life drastically and millions of seniors are diagnosed with PD every year worldwide.Several models have been presented earlier to detect the PD using various types of measurement data like speech,gait patterns,etc.Early identification of PD is important owing to the fact that the patient can offer important details which helps in slowing down the progress of PD.The recently-emerging Deep Learning(DL)models can leverage the past data to detect and classify PD.With this motivation,the current study develops a novel Colliding Bodies Optimization Algorithm with Optimal Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(CBO-OKELM)for diagnosis and classification of PD.The goal of the proposed CBO-OKELM technique is to identify whether PD exists or not.CBO-OKELM technique involves the design of Colliding Bodies Optimization-based Feature Selection(CBO-FS)technique for optimal subset of features.In addition,Water Strider Algorithm(WSA)with Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(KELM)model is also developed for the classification of PD.CBO algorithm is used to elect the optimal set of fea-tures whereas WSA is utilized for parameter tuning of KELM model which alto-gether helps in accomplishing the maximum PD diagnostic performance.The experimental analysis was conducted for CBO-OKELM technique against four benchmark datasets and the model portrayed better performance such as 95.68%,96.34%,92.49%,and 92.36%on Speech PD,Voice PD,Hand PD Mean-der,and Hand PD Spiral datasets respectively.

Intelligent Student Mental Health Assessment Model on Learning Management System

A learning management system(LMS)is a software or web based application,commonly utilized for planning,designing,and assessing a particular learning procedure.Generally,the LMS offers a method of creating and delivering content to the instructor,monitoring students’involvement,and validating their outcomes.Since mental health issues become common among studies in higher education globally,it is needed to properly determine it to improve mental stabi-lity.This article develops a new seven spot lady bird feature selection with opti-mal sparse autoencoder(SSLBFS-OSAE)model to assess students’mental health on LMS.The major aim of the SSLBFS-OSAE model is to determine the proper health status of the students with respect to depression,anxiety,and stress(DAS).The SSLBFS-OSAE model involves a new SSLBFS model to elect a useful set of features.In addition,OSAE model is applied for the classification of mental health conditions and the performance can be improved by the use of cuckoo search optimization(CSO)based parameter tuning process.The design of CSO algorithm for optimally tuning the SAE parameters results in enhanced classifica-tion outcomes.For examining the improved classifier results of the SSLBFS-OSAE model,a comprehensive results analysis is done and the obtained values highlighted the supremacy of the SSLBFS model over its recent methods interms of different measures.

Fuzzy with Metaheuristics Based Routing for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network(WSN)plays a vital part in real time tracking and data collection applications.WSN incorporates a set of numerous sensor nodes(SNs)commonly utilized to observe the target region.The SNs operate using an inbuilt battery and it is not easier to replace or charge it.Therefore,proper utilization of available energy in the SNs is essential to prolong the lifetime of the WSN.In this study,an effective Type-II Fuzzy Logic with Butterfly Optimization Based Route Selection(TFL-BOARS)has been developed for clustered WSN.The TFL-BOARS technique intends to optimally select the cluster heads(CHs)and routes in the clustered WSN.Besides,the TFL-BOARS technique incorporates Type-II Fuzzy Logic(T2FL)technique with distinct input parameters namely residual energy(RE),link quality(LKQ),trust level(TRL),inter-cluster distance(ICD)and node degree(NDE)to select CHs and construct clusters.Also,the butterfly optimization algorithm based route selection(BOARS)technique is derived to select optimal set of routes in the WSN.In addition,the BOARS technique has computed afitness function using three parameters such as communication cost,distance and delay.In order to demonstrate the improved energy effectiveness and prolonged lifetime of the WSN,a wide-ranging simulation analysis was implemented and the experimental results reported the supremacy of the TFL-BOARS technique.

Cat Swarm with Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Automated Soil Classification

Accurate soil prediction is a vital parameter involved to decide appro-priate crop,which is commonly carried out by the farmers.Designing an auto-mated soil prediction tool helps to considerably improve the efficacy of the farmers.At the same time,fuzzy logic(FL)approaches can be used for the design of predictive models,particularly,Fuzzy Cognitive Maps(FCMs)have involved the concept of uncertainty representation and cognitive mapping.In other words,the FCM is an integration of the recurrent neural network(RNN)and FL involved in the knowledge engineering phase.In this aspect,this paper introduces effective fuzzy cognitive maps with cat swarm optimization for automated soil classifica-tion(FCMCSO-ASC)technique.The goal of the FCMCSO-ASC technique is to identify and categorize seven different types of soil.To accomplish this,the FCMCSO-ASC technique incorporates local diagonal extrema pattern(LDEP)as a feature extractor for producing a collection of feature vectors.In addition,the FCMCSO model is applied for soil classification and the weight values of the FCM model are optimally adjusted by the use of CSO algorithm.For exam-ining the enhanced soil classification outcomes of the FCMCSO-ASC technique,a series of simulations were carried out on benchmark dataset and the experimen-tal outcomes reported the enhanced performance of the FCMCSO-ASC technique over the recent techniques with maximum accuracy of 96.84%.

Optimal Machine Learning Enabled Performance Monitoring for Learning Management Systems

Learning Management System(LMS)is an application software that is used in automation,delivery,administration,tracking,and reporting of courses and programs in educational sector.The LMS which exploits machine learning(ML)has the ability of accessing user data and exploit it for improving the learning experience.The recently developed artificial intelligence(AI)and ML models helps to accomplish effective performance monitoring for LMS.Among the different processes involved in ML based LMS,feature selection and classification processesfind beneficial.In this motivation,this study introduces Glowworm-based Feature Selection with Machine Learning Enabled Performance Monitoring(GSO-MFWELM)technique for LMS.The key objective of the proposed GSO-MFWELM technique is to effectually monitor the performance in LMS.The pro-posed GSO-MFWELM technique involves GSO-based feature selection techni-que to select the optimal features.Besides,Weighted Extreme Learning Machine(WELM)model is applied for classification process whereas the parameters involved in WELM model are optimallyfine-tuned with the help of May-fly Optimization(MFO)algorithm.The design of GSO and MFO techniques result in reduced computation complexity and improved classification performance.The presented GSO-MFWELM technique was validated for its performance against benchmark dataset and the results were inspected under several aspects.The simulation results established the supremacy of GSO-MFWELM technique over recent approaches with the maximum classification accuracy of 0.9589.

Optimal Deep Belief Network Enabled Cybersecurity Phishing Email Classification

Recently,developments of Internet and cloud technologies have resulted in a considerable rise in utilization of online media for day to day lives.It results in illegal access to users’private data and compromises it.Phishing is a popular attack which tricked the user into accessing malicious data and gaining the data.Proper identification of phishing emails can be treated as an essential process in the domain of cybersecurity.This article focuses on the design of bio-geography based optimization with deep learning for Phishing Email detection and classification(BBODL-PEDC)model.The major intention of the BBODL-PEDC model is to distinguish emails between legitimate and phishing.The BBODL-PEDC model initially performs data pre-processing in three levels namely email cleaning,tokenization,and stop word elimination.Besides,TF-IDF model is applied for the extraction of useful feature vectors.Moreover,optimal deep belief network(DBN)model is used for the email classification and its efficacy can be boosted by the BBO based hyperparameter tuning process.The performance validation of the BBODL-PEDC model can be performed using benchmark dataset and the results are assessed under several dimensions.Extensive comparative studies reported the superior outcomes of the BBODL-PEDC model over the recent approaches.

Ensemble Deep Learning with Chimp Optimization Based Medical Data Classification

Eye state classification acts as a vital part of the biomedical sector,for instance,smart home device control,drowsy driving recognition,and so on.The modifications in the cognitive levels can be reflected via transforming the electro-encephalogram(EEG)signals.The deep learning(DL)models automated extract the features and often showcased improved outcomes over the conventional clas-sification model in the recognition processes.This paper presents an Ensemble Deep Learning with Chimp Optimization Algorithm for EEG Eye State Classifi-cation(EDLCOA-ESC).The proposed EDLCOA-ESC technique involves min-max normalization approach as a pre-processing step.Besides,wavelet packet decomposition(WPD)technique is employed for the extraction of useful features from the EEG signals.In addition,an ensemble of deep sparse autoencoder(DSAE)and kernel ridge regression(KRR)models are employed for EEG Eye State classification.Finally,hyperparameters tuning of the DSAE model takes place using COA and thereby boost the classification results to a maximum extent.An extensive range of simulation analysis on the benchmark dataset is car-ried out and the results reported the promising performance of the EDLCOA-ESC technique over the recent approaches with maximum accuracy of 98.50%.

Deep Learning with Backtracking Search Optimization Based Skin Lesion Diagnosis Model

Nowadays,quality improvement and increased accessibility to patient data,at a reasonable cost,are highly challenging tasks in healthcare sector.Internet of Things(IoT)and Cloud Computing(CC)architectures are utilized in the development of smart healthcare systems.These entities can support real-time applications by exploiting massive volumes of data,produced by wearable sensor devices.The advent of evolutionary computation algorithms andDeep Learning(DL)models has gained significant attention in healthcare diagnosis,especially in decision making process.Skin cancer is the deadliest disease which affects people across the globe.Automatic skin lesion classification model has a highly important application due to its fine-grained variability in the presence of skin lesions.The current research article presents a new skin lesion diagnosis model i.e.,Deep Learning with Evolutionary Algorithm based Image Segmentation(DL-EAIS)for IoT and cloud-based smart healthcare environments.Primarily,the dermoscopic images are captured using IoT devices,which are then transmitted to cloud servers for further diagnosis.Besides,Backtracking Search optimization Algorithm(BSA)with Entropy-Based Thresholding(EBT)i.e.,BSA-EBT technique is applied in image segmentation.Followed by,Shallow Convolutional Neural Network(SCNN)model is utilized as a feature extractor.In addition,Deep-Kernel Extreme LearningMachine(D-KELM)model is employed as a classification model to determine the class labels of dermoscopic images.An extensive set of simulations was conducted to validate the performance of the presented method using benchmark dataset.The experimental outcome infers that the proposed model demonstrated optimal performance over the compared techniques under diverse measures.

Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based Decision Support System for Weed Management

Recently,autonomous systems become a hot research topic among industrialists and academicians due to their applicability in different domains such as healthcare,agriculture,industrial automation,etc.Among the interesting applications of autonomous systems,their applicability in agricultural sector becomes significant.Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can be used for suitable site-specific weed management(SSWM)to improve crop productivity.In spite of substantial advancements in UAV based data collection systems,automated weed detection still remains a tedious task owing to the high resemblance of weeds to the crops.The recently developed deep learning(DL)models have exhibited effective performance in several data classification problems.In this aspect,this paper focuses on the design of autonomous UAVs with decision support system for weed management(AUAV-DSSWM)technique.The proposed AUAV-DSSWM technique intends to identify the weeds by the use of UAV images acquired from the target area.Besides,the AUAV-DSSWM technique primarily performs image acquisition and image pre-processing stages.Moreover,the Adam optimizer with You Only Look Once Object Detector-(YOLOv3)model is applied for the detection of weeds.For the effective classification of weeds and crops,the poor and rich optimization(PRO)algorithm with softmax layer is applied.The design of Adam optimizer and PRO algorithm for the parameter tuning process results in enhanced weed detection performance.A wide range of simulations take place on UAV images and the experimental results exhibit the promising performance of the AUAV-DSSWM technique over the other recent techniques with the accy of 99.23%.