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Importance of overstorey attributes for understorey litter production and nutrient cycling in European forests 被引量:3
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作者 Dries Landuyt Evy Ampoorter +6 位作者 Cristina CBastias Raquel Benavides Sandra Müller Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Fernando Valladares Safaa Wasof Kris Verheyen 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第4期591-601,共11页
Background:In contrast with the negligible contribution of the forest understorey to the total aboveground phytobiomass of a forest,its share in annual litter production and nutrient cycling may be more important.Whet... Background:In contrast with the negligible contribution of the forest understorey to the total aboveground phytobiomass of a forest,its share in annual litter production and nutrient cycling may be more important.Whether and how this functional role of the understorey differs across forest types and depends upon overstorey characteristics remains to be investigated.Methods:We sampled 209 plots of the FunDivEUROPE Exploratory Platform,a network of study plots covering local gradients of tree diversity spread over six contrasting forest types in Europe.To estimate the relative contribution of the understorey to carbon and nutrient cycling,we sampled non-lignified aboveground understorey biomass and overstorey leaf litterfall in all plots.Understorey samples were analysed for C,N and P concentrations,overstorey leaf litterfall for C and N concentrations.We additionally quantified a set of overstorey attributes,including species richness,proportion of evergreen species,light availability(representing crown density)and litter quality,and investigated whether they drive the understorey’s contribution to carbon and nutrient cycling.Results and conclusions:Overstorey litter production and nutrient stocks in litterfall clearly exceeded the contribution of the understorey for all forest types,and the share of the understorey was higher in forests at the extremes of the climatic gradient.In most of the investigated forest types,it was mainly light availability that determined the contribution of the understorey to yearly carbon and nutrient cycling.Overstorey species richness did not affect the contribution of the understorey to carbon and nutrient cycling in any of the investigated forest types. 展开更多
关键词 FunDivEUROPE Nutrient cycling Litter production UNDERSTOREY Overstorey Tree species richness Light availability Litter quality Proportion evergreen tree species
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Seedling response of three agroforestry tree species to phosphorous fertilizer application in Bangladesh: growth and nodulation capabilities 被引量:2
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作者 Mohammad Belal Uddin Sharif Ahmed Mukull +1 位作者 Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan Mohammed Kamal Hossain 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第1期45-48,共4页
Triple Super Phosphate, TSP fertilizer, was applied @ 80 kg·ha^-1 as the source of phosphorous on six months old polybag seed- lings of Albizia chinensis, Albizia saman and Pongamia pinnta in nursery beds in Bang... Triple Super Phosphate, TSP fertilizer, was applied @ 80 kg·ha^-1 as the source of phosphorous on six months old polybag seed- lings of Albizia chinensis, Albizia saman and Pongamia pinnta in nursery beds in Bangladesh. The effects of P-fertilizer on seedling growth and nodulation were comparcd to that of seedlings grown in unfertilized soil or in control at different harvesting intervals. The study revealed that, seedling growth was enhanced significantly with the application of P-fertilizer. The growth was found more pronounced in cases of A. saman and P. pinnata, whereas it was not noticeable and showed depressed growth in case of A. chinensis. The study also suggests that nodulation in terms of nodule number and size was also increased significantly with P-fertilization except in case ofP. pinnata, where higher harvesting intervals lowered the nodulation performance of that species 展开更多
关键词 Albizia chinensis AIbizia saman Pongamiapinnta growth parameters nodulation performance TSP fertilizer
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Effects of inorganic fertilizers on biological nitrogen fixation and seedling growth of some agroforestry trees in Bangladesh 被引量:1
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作者 Mohammad Belal Uddin Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan +1 位作者 Sharif Ahmed Mukul Mohammed Kamal Hossain 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2008年第4期303-306,共4页
The effects of different inorganic fertilizers (Urea and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP)) on seedling growth and nodulation capabilities of four agroforestry tree species (Albizia chinensis, A. saman, Acacia nilotic... The effects of different inorganic fertilizers (Urea and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP)) on seedling growth and nodulation capabilities of four agroforestry tree species (Albizia chinensis, A. saman, Acacia nilotica and Sesbania sesban) were compared. The nodulation of these seedlings were treated with different fertilizer treatments (at the rate of urea 40 kg·hm^-2, urea 80 kg·hm^-2 TSP 40 kg·hm^-2, TSP 80 kg·hm^-2, (urea+TSP) 40 kghm 2 and (urea+TSP) 80 kg·hm^-2) after one month of seed germination. The results revealed that the seedling growth was enhanced significantly with moderate fertilizer treatment. In some cases, the higher levels of fertilizers reduced the seedling growth. The study also revealed that the nodulation in nodule number and size was significantly inhibited by the application of N fertilizer (Urea), while it was increased significantly with the application of P fertilizer (TSP). This study improved our understanding and provided insights that would be useful to the farmers in their efforts to amend the soil with inorganic fertilizers in order to enhance plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation. 展开更多
关键词 inorganic fertilizer UREA Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) AGROFORESTRY Albizia chinensis A. saman Acacia nilotica Sesbania sesban
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Remote sensing of bark beetle damage in Norway spruce individual tree canopies using thermal infrared and airborne laser scanning data fusion
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作者 Agata Zakrzewska Dominik Kopec 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第5期710-723,共14页
Background:Increasing threat to Central Europe’s forests from the growing population of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) calls for developing highly effective methods of detection of the infestati... Background:Increasing threat to Central Europe’s forests from the growing population of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) calls for developing highly effective methods of detection of the infestation spots. The main goal of this study was to establish an automatic workflow for detection of dead trees and trees in poor condition of Picea abies using Middle Wave Infrared spectral range obtained from the aircraft.Methods:The studies were conducted in Wigry National Park (Poland) in 2020. A fusion of aircraft thermal data and laser scanning was used. Synchronous with thermal data acquisition ground reference data were obtained for P. abies in different health conditions. Determination of the range of canopy temperatures characteristic of the three condition states (‘healthy’,‘poor condition’,‘dead’) was performed using K-mean clustering. The accuracy of the method was evaluated on two validation sets:(1) individual tree canopies determined by photointerpretation, and (2) automatic segmentation of laser scanning data.Results:The results showed that the average temperature of ‘healthy’trees was 27.70℃, trees in ‘poor condition’28.57℃, and ‘dead’trees 30.17℃. High temperature differences between ‘healthy’and ‘dead’P. abies made it possible to distinguish these two condition classes with high accuracy. Lower accuracies were obtained for the class of ‘poor condition’, which was found to be confusing with both ‘healthy’and ‘dead’trees. According to results from the first validation set, a high overall accuracy of 0.60 was obtained. For the second validation set, the overall accuracy was reduced by 11%.Conclusions:This study indicates that canopy temperature recorded from the airborne level is a variable that differentiates ‘healthy’spruces from those in ‘poor condition’and the ‘dead’trees. The results confirmed that thermal and airborne laser scanning data fusion allows for creating a quick and simple workflow, which can successfully separate individual tree canopies and identify P. abies attacked by I. typographus. Further research is needed to identify trees in the early stages of invasion. 展开更多
关键词 Infrared thermography Picea abies Ips typographus Middle wave infrared Forest invasion Forest health K-mean clustering
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Composition of forests and vegetation in the Kailash Sacred Landscape,Nepal
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作者 Ripu Mardhan Kunwar Maria Fadiman +4 位作者 Tobin Hindle Madan Krishna Suwal Yagya Prasad Adhikari Kedar Baral Rainer Bussmann 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第5期1625-1635,共11页
A total of 141 quadrats were sampled using stratified random sampling to study forest,environment and human interactions along an elevation gradient 1800 to 3665 m at the remote Kailash Sacred Landscape,Nepal.Eight fo... A total of 141 quadrats were sampled using stratified random sampling to study forest,environment and human interactions along an elevation gradient 1800 to 3665 m at the remote Kailash Sacred Landscape,Nepal.Eight forest types were identified,including Laurel-Oak to Rhododendron to Blue pine,comprising 191 species including 60 useful from 166 genera and 87 families.The environmental variables elevation,slope,and temperature were significant(p<0.001)in determining the composition and distribution of forest types.Records of large numbers of useful plants along with diverse forest and vegetation types suggest a strong association between the culture of local villages and nature conservation.Due to changes in climate,socio-culture and land-use,forest degradation is expected to accelerate,thus forcing government and indigenous community forest management measures to acknowledge human,cultural and environmental variables for sustainable forest management. 展开更多
关键词 Phyto-sociological assessment Environmental factors Forest types Culture Kailash Sacred Landscape Nepal
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Introduction, Establishment, and Invasion of Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in the Savannas of Venezuela and Colombia
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作者 Jorge Ari Noriega Oona Delgado +2 位作者 Joffre Isnar Blanco Jorge Gámez José Clavijo 《Natural Resources》 2017年第5期370-381,共12页
The invasion process involves overcoming certain barriers with negative effects on the biodiversity and ecosystem function. This is the case of the African dung beetle Digitonthophagus gazella, which was introduced in... The invasion process involves overcoming certain barriers with negative effects on the biodiversity and ecosystem function. This is the case of the African dung beetle Digitonthophagus gazella, which was introduced in the United States and other countries in Central and South America to help in dung removal activity. The distribution of D. gazella has been documented in the Americas, but in Venezuela there is little information. Trying to understand the process of invasion of the Colombian-Venezuelan savannas and measure their potential impact, the information stored in collections and literature was collected. Five new state records were reported for Venezuela, as well as four scenarios of the process of introduction and establishment of this species in the region. Although the amount of records has increased, the number of individuals sampled is still incipient. The possible areas of invasion and the potential negative effects that the presence of this species exerts in these regions are also discussed. In addition, potential areas of invasion and negative effects of this species are discussed. Results emphasize the importance of generating models of the invasive process in order to design programs that monitor the effects incurred by the presence of D. gazella on native species and propose control and mitigation mechanisms. 展开更多
关键词 Anthropic INTRODUCTION Biodiversity DUNG Beetles Invasive Species SCARABAEIDAE
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Diversity of Symplocos(Symplocaceae,Ericales)at low latitudes in Asia during late Oligocene and Miocene
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作者 Sheng-Lan Xu Tatiana Kodrul +8 位作者 Mikhail S.Romanov Alexey V.F.Ch.Bobrov Natalia Maslova Shu-Feng Li Qiong-Yao Fu Wei-Ye Huang Cheng Quan Jian-Hua Jin Lu-Liang Huang 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS 2024年第6期812-816,共5页
The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Amer... The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Americas.The family accommodates two genera,Cordyloblaste Hensch.ex Moritzi and Symplocos Jacq.,which comprises two subgenera,subg. 展开更多
关键词 accommodate eastern latitude
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Tree sapling vitality and recovery following the unprecedented 2018 drought in central Europe
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作者 Mirela Beloiu Schwenke Valeska Schönlau Carl Beierkuhnlein 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第5期597-606,共10页
Background:Ongoing climate change is anticipated to increase the frequency and intensity of drought events,thereby affecting forest recovery dynamics and elevating tree mortality.The drought of 2018,with its exception... Background:Ongoing climate change is anticipated to increase the frequency and intensity of drought events,thereby affecting forest recovery dynamics and elevating tree mortality.The drought of 2018,with its exceptional intensity and duration,had a significant adverse impact on tree species throughout Central Europe.However,our understanding of the resistance to and recovery of young trees from drought stress remains limited.Here,we examined the recovery patterns of native deciduous tree sapling species following the 2018 drought,and explored the impact of soil depth,understory vegetation,and litter cover on this recovery.Methods:A total of 1,149 saplings of seven deciduous tree species were monitored in the understory of old-growth forests in Northern Bavaria,Central Germany.The vitality of the saplings was recorded from 2018 to 2021 on 170 plots.Results:Fagus sylvatica was the most drought-resistant species,followed by Betula pendula,Acer pseudoplatanus,Quercus spp.,Corylus avellana,Carpinus betulus,and Sorbus aucuparia.Although the drought conditions persisted one year later,all species recovered significantly from the 2018 drought,albeit with a slight decrease in vitality by 2021.In 2018,the drought exhibited a more pronounced adverse effect on saplings in deciduous forests compared to mixed and coniferous forests.Conversely,sapling recovery in coniferous and mixed forests exceeded that observed in deciduous forests in 2019.The pivotal factors influencing sapling resilience to drought were forest types,soil depth,and understory vegetation,whereas litter and forest canopy cover had a negative impact.Conclusion:Long-term responses of tree species to drought can be best discerned through continuous health monitoring.These findings demonstrate the natural regeneration potential of deciduous species in the context of climate change.Selective tree species planting,soil management practices,and promoting understory diversity should be considered when implementing adaptive management strategies to enhance forest resilience to drought events. 展开更多
关键词 Drought stress Temperate forest Deciduous trees Climate change Extreme events Soil depth
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Tree species diversity in relation to environmental variables and disturbance gradients in a northeastern forest in Bangladesh
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作者 Md Anwar Hossain Muha Abdullah Al Pavel +3 位作者 Kazuhiro Harada Carl Beierkuhnlein Anke Jentsch Mohammad Belal Uddin 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第6期2143-2150,共8页
Biodiversity has become an issue of global attention because of growing awareness of its importance and its rapid depletion worldwide.Diversity of tree species in relation to environmental and disturbance gradients wa... Biodiversity has become an issue of global attention because of growing awareness of its importance and its rapid depletion worldwide.Diversity of tree species in relation to environmental and disturbance gradients was examined in three managed forests.Trees were randomly sampled in a survey of 75 circular plots(radius=13 m)with 5 subplots(radius=1 m).Generalized linear model analysis was used with a Poisson distribution log link function to understand the effects of variables(organic matter,organic carbon,nitrogen,potassium,pH,elevation and disturbance)on tree species richness.Canonical correspondence analysis was used to explore ecological relationships among plots.Our result found that the stand characteristics was an important influencing factor in the three forests.Our result showed that the variables had a highly positive influence on tree species richness in the three forests.In ordination,the selected variables governed the richness of tree species.Our study can help identify the most important factors that drive tree species richness in the three managed forests in Bangladesh and in similar ecosystems and inform forest management decisions for conservation according to ecological importance. 展开更多
关键词 Richness DISTURBANCE FOREST conservation Lawachara National PARK RESERVE FOREST
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No treeline shift despite climate change over the last 70 years
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作者 Mirela Beloiu Dimitris Poursanidis +6 位作者 Antonis Tsakirakis Nektarios Chrysoulakis Samuel Hoffmann Petros Lymberakis Antonis Barnias David Kienle Carl Beierkuhnlein 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第1期13-22,共10页
Background:The recent rise in temperature and shifting precipitation regimes threaten ecosystems around the globe to different degrees.Treelines are expected to respond to climate warming by shifting to higher elevati... Background:The recent rise in temperature and shifting precipitation regimes threaten ecosystems around the globe to different degrees.Treelines are expected to respond to climate warming by shifting to higher elevations,but it is unclear whether they can track temperature changes.Here,we integrated high-resolution aerial imagery with local climatic and topographic characteristics to study the treeline dynamic from 1945 to 2015 on the semiarid Mediterranean island of Crete,Greece.Results:During the study period,the mean annual temperature at the treeline increased by 0.81℃,while the average precipitation decreased by 170 mm.The treeline is characterized by a diffuse form,with trees growing on steep limestone slopes(>50°)and shallow soils.Moreover,the treeline elevation decreases with increasing distance from the coast and with aspect(south>north).Yet,we found no shift in the treeline over the past 70 years,despite an increase in temperature in all four study sites.However,the treeline elevation correlated strongly with topographic exposure to wind(R^(2)=0.74,p<0.001).Therefore,the temporal lag in treeline response to warming could be explained by a combination of topographic and microclimatic factors,such as the absence of a shelter effect and a decrease in moisture.Conclusion:Although there was no treeline shift over the last 70 years,climate change has already started shifting the treeline altitudinal optimum.Consequently,the lack of climate-mediated migration at the treeline should raise concerns about the threats posed by warming,such as drought damages,and wildfire,especially in the Mediterranean region.Therefore,conservation management should discuss options and needs to support adaptive management. 展开更多
关键词 Aerial imagery Protected area Continental island Mediterranean region High mountains Temperature Precipitation Climate change Forest dynamics
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Words apart:Standardizing forestry terms and definitions across European biodiversity studies
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作者 Giovanni Trentanovi Thomas Campagnaro +36 位作者 Tommaso Sitzia Francesco Chianucci Giorgio Vacchiano Christian Ammer MichałCiach Thomas ANagel Miren del Río Yoan Paillet Silvana Munzi Kris Vandekerkhove Andrés Bravo-Oviedo Andrea Cutini Ettore D'Andrea Pallieter De Smedt Inken Doerfler Dimitris Fotakis Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Jeňýk Hofmeister Jan Hošek Philippe Janssen Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas Nathalie Korboulewsky Bence Kovács Daniel Kozák Thibault Lachat Anders Mårell Radim Matula Martin Mikoláš Björn Nordén PéterÓdor x Marko Perović Elisabeth Pötzelsberger Peter Schall Miroslav Svoboda Flóra Tinya Mariana Ujházyová Sabina Burrascano 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第4期459-471,共13页
Forest biodiversity studies conducted across Europe use a multitude of forestry terms,often inconsistently.This hinders the comparability across studies and makes the assessment of the impacts of forest management on ... Forest biodiversity studies conducted across Europe use a multitude of forestry terms,often inconsistently.This hinders the comparability across studies and makes the assessment of the impacts of forest management on biodiversity highly context-dependent.Recent attempts to standardize forestry and stand description terminology mostly used a top-down approach that did not account for the perspectives and approaches of forest biodiversity experts.This work aims to establish common standards for silvicultural and vegetation definitions,creating a shared conceptual framework for a consistent study on the effects of forest management on biodiversity.We have identified both strengths and weaknesses of the silvicultural and vegetation information provided in forest biodiversity studies.While quantitative data on forest biomass and dominant tree species are frequently included,information on silvicultural activities and vegetation composition is often lacking,shallow,or based on broad and heterogeneous classifications.We discuss the existing classifications and their use in European forest biodiversity studies through a novel bottom-up and top-driven review process,and ultimately propose a common framework.This will enhance the comparability of forest biodiversity studies in Europe,and puts the basis for effective implementation and monitoring of sustainable forest management policies.The standards here proposed are potentially adaptable and applicable to other geographical areas and could be extended to other forest interventions. 展开更多
关键词 Forest management Multi-taxon Terminology SILVICULTURE Data harmonization
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Downed logs improve soil properties in old-growth temperate forests of northern Iran 被引量:3
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作者 Negar MOGHIMIAN Seyed Gholamali JALALI +1 位作者 Yahya KOOCH Ana REY 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第3期378-389,共12页
Dead trees, particularly downed logs, play an important role in the dynamics of forest ecosystem. Contribution of decaying wood to C and nutrient pools of forest soils depends on the tree species and degree of wood de... Dead trees, particularly downed logs, play an important role in the dynamics of forest ecosystem. Contribution of decaying wood to C and nutrient pools of forest soils depends on the tree species and degree of wood decay. However, the extent to which the downed logs affect the soil properties of temperate forests has rarely been evaluated. In this study, a mixed beech forest was selected in Liresar region of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, to investigate if and how the presence of downed logs affected soil quality and function by comparing soils underneath degraded logs and nearby soils of the two dominant tree species(beech and hornbeam). We then explored how these effects occurred as downed logs decomposed by comparing the woods of both tree species at four degrees of decomposition. Degree of decay of downed logs was classified into four classes(DC1–DC4). Eight dead trees of each tree species were selected at the center of each sample plot. Three composite soil samples underneath each decaying log and 100 cm away from a decaying log were collected at two soil depths(0–15 and 15–30 cm) to analyze soil main physicochemical properties and microbial activity. The results revealed that downed logs affected soil physical(5% wetter than control soils), chemical(2% lower pH, 100% increase in organic C and total N in the case of hornbeam, and 2% increase in P), and biological characteristics(soil microbial respiration enhanced by 10%, and microbial biomass C 620 and 351.5 mg kg-1 and microbial biomass N 66.47 and 32.18 mg kg-1, respectively, in the cases of beech and hornbeam), thus resulting in significantly different soil microsites from those without downed logs. Presence of downed logs increased soil microbial activity and soil fertility as wood decayed. Thus, the presence of downed logs is an important factor influencing forest soils and should be taken into consideration in forest management practices. 展开更多
关键词 BEECH course woody debris dead tree decay degree hornbeam soil microbial activity soil physicochemical properties
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Niche overlap in allotopic and syntopic populations of sexually interacting ground-hopper species
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作者 Axel Hochkirch Julia Groning 《Insect Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第3期391-402,共12页
There is accumulating evidence that sexual interactions among species (reproductive interference) could have dramatic effects for species' coexistence. It has been shown that the fitness of individuals can be subst... There is accumulating evidence that sexual interactions among species (reproductive interference) could have dramatic effects for species' coexistence. It has been shown that the fitness of individuals can be substantially reduced as a consequence of reproductive interference. This might subsequently lead to displacement of a species (sexual exclusion). On the other hand, some evolutionary and ecological mechanisms might enable species to coexist, such as the divergence of mate recognition systems (reproductive character displacement), habitat partitioning, clumped dispersion patterns or different colonization capabilities. We have previously shown that the two ground-hopper species Tetrix subulata and Tetrix ceperoi interact sexually in the laboratory as well as in the field. At sites where both species co-occur niche overlap was high, suggesting that coexistence is maintained by different niche breadths rather than by habitat partitioning. To test the hypothesis that habitat partitioning does not contribute to species' coexistence, we examined whether allotopic and syntopic populations of these two species differ in niche overlap (competitive release), Our results show that niche overlap is higher in syntopic than in allotopic populations, suggesting that the site-specific habitat structure (heterogeneity) has a stronger influence on microhabitat utilization than the presence of heterospecifics. Hence, our data do not support the hypothesis that habitat partitioning plays a substantial role for the coexistence of these sexually interacting species. 展开更多
关键词 COEXISTENCE COMPETITION niche breadth niche partitioning reproductive interference
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Foraging, feeding, and physiological stress responses of wild wood mice to increased illumination and common genet cues
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作者 Alvaro NAVARRO-CASTILLA Isabel BARJA Mario DíAZ 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第4期409-417,共9页
In nature, animals are exposed to a broad range of threats imposed by predators, which may strongly influence the ecology of prey species directly or indirectly by affecting their behavior via fear of predation. Here,... In nature, animals are exposed to a broad range of threats imposed by predators, which may strongly influence the ecology of prey species directly or indirectly by affecting their behavior via fear of predation. Here, we studied wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus behavioral and physiological responses to simulated predation risk. Risk avoidance was analyzed by live trapping with control traps and traps treated with feces of common genet Genetta genetta (direct cue of risk) under new moon nights and following by simulated full moon conditions (indirect cue). The time devoted to foraging behavior and capture time were analyzed by video recording mice activity around traps. Food intake was calculated based on the amount of bait remaining in each trap. Fecal cortico- sterone metabolites (FCMs) were measured by enzyme-immunoassay as indicators of physio- logical stress responses. Fewer wood mice were captured during full moon, yet only non-breeding adult males clearly avoided common genet odor. Mice were captured sooner at night during the simulated full moon conditions and later in predator-treated traps. Foraging activity was lower when individuals faced predator's feces, but neither food intake nor FCM levels were affected by predation risk cues. Direct and indirect cues of predation risk selectively affected wood mice behavior, although behavioral responses seem to be modulated by different costs-benefit balances related to the individual's perception of risk. The lack of physiological responses to predation risk cues suggests that wood mice did not perceive them as reliable stressors or the response was too small or transient to be measured by FCM. 展开更多
关键词 common genet fecal predator cues FEEDING FORAGING MOONLIGHT predator avoidance
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Spatial avoidance of patches of polluted chernozem soils by soil invertebrates
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作者 Konstantin B. Gongalsky Svetlana A. Belorustseva +4 位作者 Daria M. Kuznetsova Alexander V. Matyukhin Lyubov A. Pelgunova Fyodor A. Savin Alexander S. Shapovalov 《Insect Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第1期99-105,共7页
Soil invertebrates and heavy metal concentrations are heterogeneously distributed in the soil of steppe plots surrounding an iron mining enterprise in southern Russia. This study assesses whether patches of high soil ... Soil invertebrates and heavy metal concentrations are heterogeneously distributed in the soil of steppe plots surrounding an iron mining enterprise in southern Russia. This study assesses whether patches of high soil invertebrate abundance coincide with patches of low concentrations of pollutants. For this aim, spatial analysis by distance indices (SADIE) was applied. Three valleys in Belogorye Nature Reserve were chosen. One valley faced the tailing pond to the north and the other two faced south-east or south-west. Two sampling plots were chosen in each valley, 60 m apart from each other. On every plot 16 soil cores were collected from a grid of 4 × 4 units with a 5-m distance between each sample unit. Each soil core had an area of 76 cm2 and was 12-15 cm deep. All macroinvertebrates were hand-sorted and identified to family. Abundance of soil invertebrates was not controlled by patches of metal concentration in the soil. Epigaeic groups, like insects and other invertebrates inhabiting the litter layer, were not directly associated with local parameters of the soil. On the contrary, belowground invertebrate abundance (elaterid larvae and earthworms) showed significant dissociation with some heavy metal (Fe, Pb, Zn) concentrations in the soil. The patchiness of soil pollution may act as a leading factor ofbelowground soil invertebrate distribution. The spatial structure of animal populations in industrially transformed soils needs further research. 展开更多
关键词 invertebrates MACROFAUNA SADIE soil pollution spatial distribution
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Predicting the effectiveness of protected areas of Natura 2000 under climate change
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作者 Mst.Umme Salma Nila Carl Beierkuhnlein +2 位作者 Anja Jaeschke Samuel Hoffmann Md Lokman Hossain 《Ecological Processes》 SCIE EI 2019年第1期162-182,共21页
Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to persist.PAs can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of spec... Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to persist.PAs can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of species under climate change.The Natura 2000(N2K)is the largest coordinated conservation tool assigned to maintain the long-term survival of Europe’s most significant species and habitats.In attempting to understand the effectiveness of PAs in the face of climate change scenarios,we tested two hypotheses:(1)PAs in the Alpine and the Boreal biogeographical regions will experience more newly emerged climate conditions(hotter and drier)compared to the climate representation of other biogeographical regions under future climate in Europe and(2)PAs in the Mediterranean and the Continental biogeographical regions will face more consistency in climate conditions due to less area of disappearing and novel climate in future.Methods:Current climate data(1960–1990)and projections for 2050 and 2070 of PAs of N2K were extracted from WorldClim global climate data.Principal components analysis(PCA)was performed to construct climate space for the PAs across the biogeographical regions based on 19 climatic variables assessed at 5-km resolution.ArcMap 10.1 was used to map the location of the novel and disappearing climates.Results:PAs in the Alpine region will experience more novel climate conditions in the future compared to other biogeographical regions.The future projections showed that 17.70%of the PAs in the Alpine region will experience novel climate by 2070.Considerable climate consistency was observed in the PAs in the Continental region compared to the other biogeographical regions.Our results showed that about 176 km2 of the selected PAs in the Continental region will face new emerging climate,while about 110 km2 will disappear under RCP 8.5 scenario.The prediction also revealed that in the Mediterranean region 08 PAs will experience novel climate and 786 km2 areas in these PAs will face disappearing climate by 2070.We found that fewer areas of PAs in the Boreal regions will experience disappearing climate in both the scenarios.Conclusions:The portion of novel climate conditions can be seen as a future opportunity to assign new reserves for the species.Our study highlights the importance of conservation planning to increase the connectivity between PAs,identifying novel conservation zones to maximize representation of habitats during the emerging climatic changes as well as designing strategies,management,and monitoring of the individual PAs. 展开更多
关键词 Biodiversity conservation Biogeographical region Climate change Climate scenarios Natura 2000 Protected areas
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Investigation of environmental and land use impacts in forested permafrost headwaters of the Selenga-Baikal river system,Mongolia-Effects on discharge,water quality and macroinvertebrate diversity
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作者 Martin Pfeiffer Georg Küstner +2 位作者 Erdenetsetseg Erdenesukh Wolf von Tümpling Jürgen Hofmann 《International Soil and Water Conservation Research》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第4期605-619,共15页
Headwater streams play a major role for provision of ecosystem services,e.g.drinking water.We investigated a high-altitude headwater catchment of the Kharaa River(including 411st-order rivers)to understand the impact ... Headwater streams play a major role for provision of ecosystem services,e.g.drinking water.We investigated a high-altitude headwater catchment of the Kharaa River(including 411st-order rivers)to understand the impact of land cover(especially forest cover),environment and human usage on runoff,chemical water quality and macroinvertebrate fauna in a river basin under discontinuous permafrost conditions in an arid,sparsely populated region of Mongolia.To verify our hypotheses that different landuses and environmental impacts in permafrost headwaters influence water quality,we investigated 105 sampling sites,37 of them at intermittent stream sections without water flow.Discharge was positively impacted by land cover types steppe,grassland and forest and negatively by shrubland,forest burnt by wild fires(indicating a reduction of permafrost)and slope.Water quality was affected by altitude,longitude and latitude,shrub growth and water temperature.Shannon diversity of macroinvertebrates was driven by water temperature,iron content of the water,flow velocity,and subbasin size(adjusted R^(2)=0.54).Sample plots clustered in three groups that differed in water chemistry,macroinvertebrate diversity,species composition and bio-indicators.Our study confirms that steppes and grasslands have a higher contribution to runoff than forests,forest cover has a positive impact on water quality,and diversity of macroinvertebrates is higher in sites with less nutrients and pollutants.The excellent ecological status of the upper reaches of the Kharaa is severely threatened by forest fires and human-induced climate change and urgently needs to be conserved. 展开更多
关键词 Ecosystem services Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT)complex GIS-based analysis IWRM-MoMo project Land use land cover(LULC) Natural reference state Runoff Self-purification capacity Stream water chemistry
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Correction to: Predicting the effectiveness of protected areas of Natura 2000 under climate change
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作者 Mst Umme Salma Nila Carl Beierkuhnlein +2 位作者 Anja Jaeschke Samuel Hoffmann Md Lokman Hossain 《Ecological Processes》 SCIE EI 2019年第1期370-370,共1页
Correction to:Ecol Process https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0168-6 In the original publication of this article(Nila and Hossain 2019),co-authors‘Carl Beierkuhnlein,Anja Jaeschke and Samuel Hoffmann’need to be adde... Correction to:Ecol Process https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0168-6 In the original publication of this article(Nila and Hossain 2019),co-authors‘Carl Beierkuhnlein,Anja Jaeschke and Samuel Hoffmann’need to be added to the author list.Additionally,two parts of the Declarations section below need to be updated。 展开更多
关键词 protected NAT CORRECTION
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Data error propagation in stacked bioclimatic envelope models
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作者 Xueyan LI Babak NAIMI +1 位作者 Peng GONG Miguel B.ARAÚJO 《Integrative Zoology》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期262-276,共15页
Stacking is the process of overlaying inferred species potential distributions for multiple species based on outputs of bioclimatic envelope models(BEMs).The approach can be used to investigate patterns and processes ... Stacking is the process of overlaying inferred species potential distributions for multiple species based on outputs of bioclimatic envelope models(BEMs).The approach can be used to investigate patterns and processes of species richness.If data limitations on individual species distributions are inevitable,but how do they affect inferences of patterns and processes of species richness?We investigate the influence of different data sources on estimated species richness gradients in China.We fitted BEMs using species distributions data for 334 bird species obtained from(1)global range maps,(2)regional checklists,(3)museum records and surveys,and(4)citizen science data using presence-only(Mahalanobis distance),presence-background(MAXENT),and presence–absence(GAM and BRT)BEMs.Individual species predictions were stacked to generate species richness gradients.Here,we show that different data sources and BEMs can generate spatially varying gradients of species richness.The environmental predictors that best explained species distributions also differed between data sources.Models using citizen-based data had the highest accuracy,whereas those using range data had the lowest accuracy.Potential richness patterns estimated by GAM and BRT models were robust to data uncertainty.When multiple data sets exist for the same region and taxa,we advise that explicit treatments of uncertainty,such as sensitivity analyses of the input data,should be conducted during the process of modeling. 展开更多
关键词 richness patterns species distribution stacked bioclimatic envelope models UNCERTAINTY
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Integrating time progression in ecoimmunology studies: beyond immune response intensity 被引量:6
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作者 Francisco Javier ZAMORA-CAMACHO 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第2期205-212,共8页
Habitat alterations in agroecosystems may damage amphibian immune capacity. As agroecosystem extension is increasing worldwide, broader-context knowledge on the effects of agroecosystem stressful conditions on amphibi... Habitat alterations in agroecosystems may damage amphibian immune capacity. As agroecosystem extension is increasing worldwide, broader-context knowledge on the effects of agroecosystem stressful conditions on amphibian immune capacity is crucial for understanding and management of amphibian global declines. However, most studies on ecoimmunology assume synchronal amonggroup immune-response peaks, and focus on immune response after standardized time lapses, neglecting its progress!on. Herein, I compared inflamatory response short-term progression of agro ecosystem and n atural-habitat female and male n atterjack toads Epi da lea calamita, by measuri ng swelling response, once per hour, 6 h following an artificial immune challenge with innocuous antigen phytohemagglutinin. I also compared maximum magnitude of swelling response, irrespective of the moment when it was reached. Habitat differences arose only 3 h after challenge, when naturalhabitat toads showed greater swelling response. Maximum magnitude of swelling response was similar in toads from both habitats. However, agroecosystem toads showed a delayed swelling response as compared with natural-habitat conspecifics, probably as a consequenee of agroecosystem stressful conditions. Such a delay suggests a weaker immune capacity, and consequently impaired anti-pathogen performance. Regarding sex, swelling response magnitude did not differ between males and females. Female swelling response peaked earlier, but that of males was more sustai ned in time, which con tradicts general across-taxa fin dings that males show impaired immune response. Interestingly, results suggest that measuring swelling response only after some standardized period following stimulation may be a simplistic approach and produce unrealistic results. Consequently, studies on ecoimmunology should implement swelling response progression in order to produce unbiased science. 展开更多
关键词 AGROECOSYSTEM AMPHIBIAN IMMUNOCOMPETENCE natural HABITAT immune response progressi on
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