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Residual alkali-evoked cross-linked polymer layer for anti-air-sensitivity LiNi_(0.89)Co_(0.06)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)cathode 被引量:1
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作者 Chao Zhao Xuebao Li +7 位作者 Yun Zhao Jingjing He Yuanpeng Cao Wei Luo Ding Wang Jianguo Duan Xianshu Wang Baohua Li 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期450-458,共9页
High-energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with layered high-nickel oxide cathodes(LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2),x≥0.8)show great promise in consumer electronics and vehicular applications.However,LiNi_(x)Co_(y)M... High-energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with layered high-nickel oxide cathodes(LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2),x≥0.8)show great promise in consumer electronics and vehicular applications.However,LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)faces challenges related to capacity decay caused by residual alkalis owing to high sensitivity to air.To address this issue,we propose a hazardous substances upcycling method that fundamentally mitigates alkali content and concurrently induces the emergence of an anti-air-sensitive layer on the cathode surface.Through the neutralization of polyacrylic acid(PAA)with residual alkalis and then coupling it with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane(KH550),a stable and ion-conductive cross-linked polymer layer is in situ integrated into the LiNi_(0.89)Co_(0.06)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM)cathode.Our characterization and measurements demonstrate its effectiveness.The NCM material exhibits impressive cycling performance,retaining 88.4%of its capacity after 200 cycles at 5 C and achieving an extraordinary specific capacity of 170.0 mA h g^(-1) at 10 C.Importantly,this layer on the NCM efficiently suppresses unfavorable phase transitions,severe electrolyte degradation,and CO_(2)gas evolution,while maintaining commendable resistance to air exposure.This surface modification strategy shows widespread potential for creating air-stable LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)cathodes,thereby advancing high-performance LIBs. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium-ion batteries Nickel-rich layered cathode Residual alkalis Cross-linked polyme rmodification Airsensitivity
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Infestation Study of Sclerophrys camerunensis and Sclerophrys regularis (Anura: Bufonidae) by Ascaris sp in Mfilou and Ngamboulou Rivers in Brazzaville (Congo)
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作者 Louis Régis Dossou-Yovo Marcellin Mikia +3 位作者 Anthelme Tsoumou Durelle Brith Caëlle Olabi Obath Oubri Bassa Gbati Isabelle Mady-Goma Dirat 《Open Journal of Animal Sciences》 2024年第4期336-345,共10页
A study of toad infestation was carried out from July to December 2022, in the vicinity of the Mfilou and Ngamboulou Rivers, with the aim of determining the prevalence rate of parasitic carriage in these toads. After ... A study of toad infestation was carried out from July to December 2022, in the vicinity of the Mfilou and Ngamboulou Rivers, with the aim of determining the prevalence rate of parasitic carriage in these toads. After collecting 289 specimens, all belonging to the Anuran order and Bufonidae family, three species were identified: Sclerophrys camerunensis (Parker, 1936), Sclerophrys regularis (Reuss, 1834) and Sclerophrys sp. The most abundant species were Sclerophrys camerunensis, followed by Sclerophrys regularis. With regard to parasitological aspects, of the 289 specimens collected, 195 were parasitized, i.e. a percentage of 67.47%. The only parasitic species identified was Ascaris sp., which is preferentially located in the intestine. 展开更多
关键词 Sclerophrys camerunensis Sclerophrys regularis Nematode Mfilou River Gamboulou River
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Sensitive Information Security Based on Elliptic Curves
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作者 Nadine Nibigira Vincent Havyarimana Zhu Xiao 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2024年第2期274-285,共12页
The elliptic curve cryptography algorithm represents a major advancement in the field of computer security. This innovative algorithm uses elliptic curves to encrypt and secure data, providing an exceptional level of ... The elliptic curve cryptography algorithm represents a major advancement in the field of computer security. This innovative algorithm uses elliptic curves to encrypt and secure data, providing an exceptional level of security while optimizing the efficiency of computer resources. This study focuses on how elliptic curves cryptography helps to protect sensitive data. Text is encrypted using the elliptic curve technique because it provides great security with a smaller key on devices with limited resources, such as mobile phones. The elliptic curves cryptography of this study is better than using a 256-bit RSA key. To achieve equivalent protection by using the elliptic curves cryptography, several Python libraries such as cryptography, pycryptodome, pyQt5, secp256k1, etc. were used. These technologies are used to develop a software based on elliptic curves. If built, the software helps to encrypt and decrypt data such as a text messages and it offers the authentication for the communication. 展开更多
关键词 CRYPTOGRAPHY Elliptic Curves Digital Security Data Sensitive Data IMPLEMENTATION
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Feeding Practices and Use of Lysine and Methionine in Pigrationing on Intensified Pig Breeding in the West Center and Hauts Bassins Regions of Burkina Faso
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作者 Isidor Zangbéwindin Ouedraogo Timbilfou Kiendrebeogo +1 位作者 Aboubacar Toguyeni Chantal Yvette Kabore-Zoungrana 《Open Journal of Animal Sciences》 2024年第1期23-38,共16页
The aim of the study was to assess feeding practices and the use of lysine and methionine in pig rationing on intensified and semi-intensive pig breeding in the Koudougou and Bobo-Dioulasso areas. To this end, a cross... The aim of the study was to assess feeding practices and the use of lysine and methionine in pig rationing on intensified and semi-intensive pig breeding in the Koudougou and Bobo-Dioulasso areas. To this end, a cross-sectional survey was carried out on 87 breeding in these towns. A Discriminant Factorial Analysis (DFA) confirming a k-means classification of the data collected was used to retain 71 breeding divided into three breeding classes: Class A (32.4% of breeding), Class B (14.08%) and Class C (53.52%). The results show that the majority of pig breeders were men between the ages of 36 and 59. Average herd sizes were 35 ± 28;79 ± 42 and 89 ± 21 pigs for Classes A, B and C respectively. The main breeds of pig found on the breeding were crossbred, Large white, local, Landrace and Duroc. Class A (26.1%), B (30%) and C (15.8%) breeders were familiar with both lysine and methionine. Class A breeders distributed feed staggered (65.2%) and in rations (34.8%). Lysine (13%) and methionine (8.7%) were purchased at 5250 FCFA/kg. Those in class B distributed feed staggered (50%) and in the form of rations (50%), in which they incorporated lysine (30%) and methionine (30%) purchased at a cost of 2500 FCFA/kg and 3000 FCFA/kg respectively. Rationing and staggered feeding were practiced by 23.7% and 76.3% of Class C breeders respectively. Only lysine purchased at 3400 FCFA/kg was incorporated into rations by 10.5% of breeders. The high cost of lysine and methionine was incriminated by Class A (100%), B (33.3%) and C (50%) breeders. In conclusion, intensive pig breeding, the practice of rationing and the incorporation of the amino acids lysine and methionine are of ascending importance from classes C, A to B. The high cost of feedstuffs, particularly lysine and methionine, compromises their use in rations, which could have a negative impact on expected breeding performance. The screening and use of feeds rich in and/or enriched with these amino acids, through the development or adaptation of technologies, could improve the efficiency of rations and the productivity of intensive pig breeding in Burkina Faso. 展开更多
关键词 Feeding Practices LYSINE METHIONINE Intensive Pig Breeding Burkina Faso
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Grasslands Response to Livestock Grazing Intensity in the Austral Pampas(Argentina):Testing the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis
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作者 Ana Elena de Villalobos María Andrea Long 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第8期2037-2050,共14页
Livestock grazing has a significant impact on natural grasslands,with approximately one-third of the world’s land area dedicated to this industry.Around 20%of global grasslands are highly degraded due to overgrazing,... Livestock grazing has a significant impact on natural grasslands,with approximately one-third of the world’s land area dedicated to this industry.Around 20%of global grasslands are highly degraded due to overgrazing,affecting their productivity and conservation capacity.Best practices are required to ensure sustainable livestock production that supports biodiversity.The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis(IDH)suggests that environments with moderate levels of disturbance exhibit a higher species diversity.Moderate grazing can reduce the dominance of certain species,thereby enhancing plant diversity.However,concerns arise regarding the increase of exotic and unpalatable species under moderate grazing levels,complicating grassland conservation efforts.The impact of livestock grazing on the functional structure of grasslands depends on factors such as grazing intensity,livestock species,and environmental conditions.Variations in grazing intensity may increase specific and functional diversity under moderate grazing,potentially masking the presence of invasive exotic species.In the Austral Pampas(Pampean phytogeographic province,Buenos Aires,Argentina),grasslands face various pressures from domestic livestock grazing that endanger their integrity if not properly managed.Therefore,our study aims to investigate potential differences in species richness and diversity,functional diversity,exotic plant abundance,and the number and distribution of plant functional groups across varying grazing intensities.The IDH is utilized as a tool to regulate livestock pressure for grassland conservation.Species and functional diversity indices were used to assess the impact of grazing on grassland diversity.Moderate grazing increased species and functional diversity,while intensively grazed or ungrazed areas showed reduced diversity.Livestock presence influenced the balance between native and exotic plants,with ungrazed areas having higher native plant abundance and grazed areas exhibiting higher exotic plant abundance.Grazing also influenced the composition of functional groups,with grazing-avoiding species being more prevalent in heavily grazed areas.Principal Component Analysis revealed a clear association between vegetation composition and livestock grazing intensity.These findings offer valuable insights into effectively managing grazing intensity for biodiversity conservation purposes. 展开更多
关键词 Natural grasslands grazing effects DISTURBANCE specific and functional diversity
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Enhancing layered perovskite ferrites with ultra-high-density nanoparticles via cobalt doping for ceramic fuel cell anode
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作者 Shuo Zhai Rubao Zhao +9 位作者 Hailong Liao Ling Fu Senran Hao Junyu Cai Yifan Wu Jian Wang Yunhong Jiang Jie Xiao Tao Liu Heping Xie 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期39-48,共10页
Nanoparticles anchored on the perovskite surface have gained considerable attention for their wide-ranging applications in heterogeneous catalysis and energy conversion due to their robust and integrated structural co... Nanoparticles anchored on the perovskite surface have gained considerable attention for their wide-ranging applications in heterogeneous catalysis and energy conversion due to their robust and integrated structural configuration.Herein,we employ controlled Co doping to effectively enhance the nanoparticle exsolution process in layered perovskite ferrites materials.CoFe alloy nanoparticles with ultra-high-density are exsolved on the(PrBa)_(0.95)(Fe_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Nb_(0.1))2O_(5+δ)(PBFCN_(0.1))surface under reducing atmosphere,providing significant amounts of reaction sites and good durability for hydrocarbon catalysis.Under a reducing atmosphere,cobalt facilitates the reduction of iron cations within PBFCN_(0.1),leading to the formation of CoFe alloy nanoparticles.This formation is accompanied by a cation exchange process,wherein,with the increase in temperature,partial cobalt ions are substituted by iron.Meanwhile,Co doping significantly enhance the electrical conductivity due to the stronger covalency of the Cosingle bondO bond compared with Fesingle bondO bond.A single cell with the configuration of PBFCN_(0.1)-Sm_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_(1.9)(SDC)|SDC|Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3−δ)(BSCF)-SDC achieves an extremely low polarization resistance of 0.0163Ωcm^(2)and a high peak power density of 740 mW cm^(−2)at 800℃.The cell also shows stable operation for 120 h in H_(2)with a constant current density of 285 mA cm^(−2).Furthermore,employing wet C_(2)H_(6)as fuel,the cell demonstrates remarkable performance,achieving peak power densities of 455 mW cm^(−2)at 800℃and 320 mW cm^(−2)at 750℃,marking improvements of 36%and 70%over the cell with(PrBa)_(0.95)(Fe_(0.9)Nb_(0.1))_(2)O_(5+δ)(PBFN)-SDC at these respective temperatures.This discovery emphasizes how temperature influences alloy nanoparticles exsolution within doped layered perovskite ferrites materials,paving the way for the development of high-performance ceramic fuel cell anodes. 展开更多
关键词 Solid oxide fuel cell ANODE Ethane fuel NANOPARTICLE EXSOLUTION Layered perovskite Ferrites
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Exploring multifaceted factors in chronic kidney disease risk: A comprehensive analysis of biochemistry, lifestyle, and inflammation in elderly Chinese individuals
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作者 Fernando Cardona 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第5期1033-1035,共3页
This letter praises a recent article in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(Roles of biochemistry data,lifestyle,and inflammation in identifying abnormal renal function in old Chinese),examining factors affecting abno... This letter praises a recent article in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(Roles of biochemistry data,lifestyle,and inflammation in identifying abnormal renal function in old Chinese),examining factors affecting abnormal renal function in elderly Chinese using advanced machine learning.It highlights the importance of uric acid,age,hemoglobin,body mass index,sport hours,and systolic blood pressure.The study's holistic approach,integrating lifestyle and inflammation,offers a nuanced understanding of chronic kidney disease risk factors.The letter suggests exploring mechanistic pathways of hyperuricemia,the link between anemia and renal function,and the connection between body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate.It advocates investigating physical activity's impact on renal health and the independent effects of blood pressure.The study significantly contributes to chronic kidney disease understanding,proposing avenues for further exploration and interventions.Commendations are extended to the authors and the journal. 展开更多
关键词 Biochemistry data LIFESTYLE Machine learning Renal function
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Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Insulin Sensitivity and Islet β-Cell Secretory Function in Diabetic Patients from South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study
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作者 Dieudonne Masemo Bihehe Ahadi Birindwa Bwihangane +2 位作者 Jean-Paulin Mukonkole Mbo Michel Hermans Philippe Bianga Katchunga 《Journal of Diabetes Mellitus》 CAS 2024年第2期81-94,共14页
Background: The role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa has not been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevale... Background: The role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa has not been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low vitamin D level and secondary hyperparathyroidism and their association with insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory function among Congolese type 2 diabetics. Methodology: Fasting glycaemia, fasting insulin, 25OH D3 and human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) were measured in one hundred and eighty-four type 2 diabetic patients followed as outpatients in South Kivu. Levels of 25OH D3 65 pg/ml defined low vitamin D and elevated parathyroid hormone levels, respectively. The HOMA model was used to measure insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory function. Results: Medians (IQR) were 25.3 (20.4 - 32.4) ng/ml for 25OH D3 and 53.7 (38.4 - 115.7) pg/ml for hPTH. 58.7% of diabetics had insulin resistance, 126 (68.5%) had low vitamin D and 80 (43.5%) had hyperparathyroidism. In multivariate analysis, hPTH (partial r = −0.28;p = 0.0002) and 25OH D3 (partial r = 0.16;p = 0.03) showed an independent association with insulin sensitivity after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference. Finally, hPTH (partial r = 0.27;p = 0.0002) was the sole determinant of β-cell secretory function. Conclusions: This study confirms the high prevalence of low vitamin D level and secondary hyperparathyroidism and their association with insulin resistance and impaired islet β-cell secretory function among Congolese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation should be envisaged for cases of deficiency in this region. 展开更多
关键词 Vitamin D Parathyroid Hormone Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Resistance South Kivu
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Modeling the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Local Context for a Contextualized Diffusion of Agroecological Intensification Options in Niger
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作者 Nouhou Salifou Jangorzo Maud Loireau +3 位作者 Abou-Soufianou Sadda Ousmane Sami Mari Abdoul-Aziz Saïdou Hassane Bil-Assanou Issoufou 《International Journal of Geosciences》 CAS 2024年第3期270-301,共32页
Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view ... Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development. 展开更多
关键词 NIGER Option by Context Local Condition Complex System Multiscale Conceptual Modeling
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Construction of Parsimonious Event Risk Scores by an Ensemble Method. An Illustration for Short-Term Predictions in Chronic Heart Failure Patients from the GISSI-HF Trial 被引量:1
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作者 Benoî t Lalloué +2 位作者 Jean-Marie Monnez Donata Lucci Eliane Albuisson 《Applied Mathematics》 2021年第7期627-653,共27页
Selecting which explanatory variables to include in a given score is a common difficulty, as a balance must be found between statistical fit and practical application. This article presents a methodology for construct... Selecting which explanatory variables to include in a given score is a common difficulty, as a balance must be found between statistical fit and practical application. This article presents a methodology for constructing parsimonious event risk scores combining a stepwise selection of variables with ensemble scores obtained by aggregation of several scores, using several classifiers, bootstrap samples and various modalities of random selection of variables. Selection methods based on a probabilistic model can be used to achieve a stepwise selection for a given classifier such as logistic regression, but not directly for an ensemble classifier constructed by aggregation of several classifiers. Three selection methods are proposed in this framework, two involving a backward selection of the variables based on their coefficients in an ensemble score and the third involving a forward selection of the variables maximizing the AUC. The stepwise selection allows constructing a succession of scores, with the practitioner able to choose which score best fits his needs. These three methods are compared in an application to construct parsimonious short-term event risk scores in chronic HF patients, using as event the composite endpoint of death or hospitalization for worsening HF within 180 days of a visit. Focusing on the fastest method, four scores are constructed, yielding out-of-bag AUCs ranging from 0.81 (26 variables) to 0.76 (2 variables). 展开更多
关键词 Ensemble Score Ensemble Methods SCORING Variable Selection Heart Failure
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Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of <i>Aeollanthus pubescens</i>on Multidrug Resistant Strains of <i>Salmonella</i>and <i>Escherichia coli</i>Isolated from Laying Hens Farming in Benin
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作者 Aguidissou Oscar Nestor Boko Kadoeito Cyrille +8 位作者 Sessou Philippe Yovo Mahudro Komagbe S.Gwladys Ayihou Yannick Alitonou Guy Alain Avlessi Felicien Farougou Souaï bou Sohounhloue Koko Codjo Dominique 《Advances in Microbiology》 2019年第9期804-823,共20页
Infections due to Escherichia coli and Salmonella are of the major constraints for the laying hen’s industry as they cause mortality and serious economic losses. The use of conventional antibiotics to control bacteri... Infections due to Escherichia coli and Salmonella are of the major constraints for the laying hen’s industry as they cause mortality and serious economic losses. The use of conventional antibiotics to control bacterial has shown limits because it allows multidrug-resistance. The main objective of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of essential oil from Aeollanthus pubescens on multidrug resistant strains of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens faming in the department of Atlantique in Benin. Altogether, 11 strains of Salmonella and 16 strains of Escherichia coli have been isolated from 101 samples of different organs including liver, spleen, lung, feces and yolk according to standardized methods and their biochemical profile using API 20E gallery. Test of sensitivity was carried out on 11 antibiotics of six different families on identified strains in order to determine their resistance profile. A sensitivity test was carried out on multi-drug resistant strains with Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil to determine their sensitivity with regard to this essential oil. The results showed that the majority of Salmonella strains presented resistance to Tetracyclines (72.7%) and Sulfonamides (63.6%) and all Escherichia coli strains are resistant to Sulfonamides (100%) followed by Tetracycline (93.75%) and Ampicillin (75%). Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil was active on all the multi-drug resistant strains investigated with Minimal inhibitory concentration varying from 0.41 ± 0 mg/ml to 0.83 ± 0 mg/ml for Salmonella and from 0.41 ± 0 mg/ml to 1.66 ± 0 mg/ml for Escherichia coli (P Salmonella and the multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli investigated. Those results provide alternatives to control poultry bacterial pathologies in Republic of Benin. However, disease due to Escherichia coli and Salmonella must be taken more seriously and study on their resistance to antibiotic must be deepened as well. 展开更多
关键词 Laying HENS ESCHERICHIA coli SALMONELLA Antibiore-sistance Aeollanthus pubescens
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Optical Fiber Torsion Sensor with Mechanically Induced Long Period Fiber Gratings in Rare-Earth Doped Fibers
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作者 Maria Pulido-Navarro José álvarez-Chávez +1 位作者 Daniel Ceballos-Herrera Ponciano Escamilla-Ambrosio 《Optics and Photonics Journal》 2014年第6期129-135,共7页
In this work wavelength sensitivity in mechanically induced long period fiber gratings (MLPFG) is analyzed. This analysis is first carried out both in standard single-mode fiber SMF-28 and in Er-doped fibers. The mech... In this work wavelength sensitivity in mechanically induced long period fiber gratings (MLPFG) is analyzed. This analysis is first carried out both in standard single-mode fiber SMF-28 and in Er-doped fibers. The mechanical analysis for both types of fibers under different torsion conditions is presented. In order to apply the torsion one of the fiber ends is fixed while torsion is applied on the other end. A MLPFG whose period is 503 μm is used to press the fiber after torsion is applied. This allows for micro curvatures to be formed on the fiber, which in turn generates a periodical index perturbation on it. Here, it was noted that the sensitive wavelength shift of the rejection bands is bigger for Er-doped fibers. For a torsion of 6 turns applied to 10 cm of doped fiber the wavelength peaks can be moved up to 25 nm, which is longer to what was detected on standard fibers. Therefore, by using Er-doped fibers to monitor torsion on structures will give more sensitive and accurate results than using standard fibers. These results can be employed for sensing applications, especially for small to medium size structures, which can be mechanical, civil or aeronautics. 展开更多
关键词 Optical FIBER SENSORS FIBER BRAGG Gratingsensors TORSION SENSORS RARE-EARTH Doped Fibers
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Essential Oils as an Alternative to Antibiotics to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Short Review
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作者 Makenly E. Coles Brittany D. Graham +8 位作者 Juan D. Latorre Victor M. Petrone-Garcia Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Inkar Castellanos-Huerta Xiaolun Sun Billy M. Hargis Saeed El-Ashram Awad A. Shehata Guillermo Tellez-Isaias 《Food and Nutrition Sciences》 CAS 2023年第3期233-257,共25页
Due to the removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) and consumer pressure for antibiotic-free (ABF) or no antibiotics ever (NAE) poultry production, there is a need for sustainable alternatives to prevent disease... Due to the removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) and consumer pressure for antibiotic-free (ABF) or no antibiotics ever (NAE) poultry production, there is a need for sustainable alternatives to prevent disease in commercial poultry operations. Without AGPs, there has been a rise in diseases that were traditionally controlled by subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics in the diet. This has impacted the health of commercial poultry and has been a significant cost to poultry producers. To mitigate this, the industry has started to investigate alternatives to antibiotics to treat these forthcoming health issues, such as necrotic enteritis (NE). NE is an enteric disease caused by an over proliferation of toxigenic Clostridium perfringens (CP) in the gastrointestinal tract. Although CP is a commensal in the avian intestinal tract, dysbiosis caused by inflammation and impaired intestinal integrity facilitates uncontrolled replication of CP. Infectious agents, such as Eimeria maxima, appear to be a predominant predisposing factor that promotes NE. However, non-infectious stressors, including dietary changes, have also been associated with NE to some degree. As a result of increased pressure to restrict the use of antibiotics, there is a need for research evaluating the efficacy of alternatives, such as plant-derived essential oils, as potential tools to mitigate NE in commercial poultry flocks. The aim of this study is to review the effects of essential oils as an alternative to antibiotics to reduce the incidence and severity of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. 展开更多
关键词 Necrotic Enteritis Essential Oils CHICKENS Clostridium perfringens Alternatives to Antibiotics
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Management of small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis:Focus on portal hypertension 被引量:20
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作者 Virginia Hernandez-Gea Fanny Turon +1 位作者 Annalisa Berzigotti Augusto Villanueva 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2013年第8期1193-1199,共7页
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is rising worldwide being currently the fifth most common cancer and third cause of cancer-related mortality.Early detection of HCC through surveillance programs have ena... The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is rising worldwide being currently the fifth most common cancer and third cause of cancer-related mortality.Early detection of HCC through surveillance programs have enabled the identification of small nodules with higher frequency,and nowadays account for 10%-15% of patients diagnosed in the West and almost 30% in Japan.Patients with small HCC can be candidates for potential curative treatments:liver transplantation,surgical resection and percutaneous ablation,depending on the presence of portal hypertension and co-morbidities.This review will analyze recent advancements in the clinical management of these individuals,focusing on issues related to the role of portal hypertension,the debate between resection and ablative therapies and the future impact of molecular technologies. 展开更多
关键词 PORTAL HYPERTENSION Hepatic VENOUS pressure gradient Clinically significant PORTAL HYPERTENSION LIVER stiffness LIVER cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Resection RADIOFREQUENCY ablation PERCUTANEOUS ethanol injection
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Evaluation of stress intensity factors for bi-material interface cracks using displacement jump methods 被引量:3
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作者 K. C. Nehar B. E. Hachi +1 位作者 F. Cazes M. Haboussi 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第6期1051-1064,共14页
The aim of the present work is to investigate the numerical modeling of interfacial cracks that may appear at the interface between two isotropic elastic materials. The extended finite element method is employed to an... The aim of the present work is to investigate the numerical modeling of interfacial cracks that may appear at the interface between two isotropic elastic materials. The extended finite element method is employed to analyze brittle and bi-material interfacial fatigue crack growth by computing the mixed mode stress intensity factors(SIF). Three different approaches are introduced to compute the SIFs. In the first one, mixed mode SIF is deduced from the computation of the contour integral as per the classical J-integral method,whereas a displacement method is used to evaluate the SIF by using either one or two displacement jumps located along the crack path in the second and third approaches. The displacement jump method is rather classical for mono-materials,but has to our knowledge not been used up to now for a bimaterial. Hence, use of displacement jump for characterizing bi-material cracks constitutes the main contribution of the present study. Several benchmark tests including parametric studies are performed to show the effectiveness of these computational methodologies for SIF considering static and fatigue problems of bi-material structures. It is found that results based on the displacement jump methods are in a very good agreement with those of exact solutions, such as for the J-integral method, but with a larger domain of applicability and a better numerical efficiency(less time consuming and less spurious boundary effect). 展开更多
关键词 Bi-material interface crack Mixed mode stress intensity factor Displacement jump X-FEM Fatigue crack growth
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Prevalence of sensitive skin and its biophysical response in a Mexican population 被引量:3
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作者 Diana Hernández-Blanco Juan Pablo Castanedo-Cázares +3 位作者 Adriana Ehnis-Pérez Isabel Jasso-ávila Luis Conde-Salazar Bertha Torres-álvarez 《World Journal of Dermatology》 2013年第1期1-7,共7页
AIM: To describe the frequency and biophysical response of sensitive skin in Mexican subjects, using the lactic acid test.METHODS: The lactic acid stinging test was applied to 250 healthy volunteers, both sexes, 18 ye... AIM: To describe the frequency and biophysical response of sensitive skin in Mexican subjects, using the lactic acid test.METHODS: The lactic acid stinging test was applied to 250 healthy volunteers, both sexes, 18 years of age or older, without any active dermatoses on the test site. Volunteers were university students, workers of public institutions, and general population from San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Participants were not excluded based on socioeconomic status. Demographic data were obtained through a questionnaire. Skin phototype was obtained through colorimetry. Subjects were randomized to receive 10% lactic acid on one nasolabial fold and placebo on the other side. The presence and intensity of adverse sensations, such as itching, burning, or stinging, was evaluated through a 10-point VisualAnalogue Scale(VAS) prior to treatment and at 3, 5, 8 and 10 min after the intervention. Subjects with a VAS of 2 or higher were considered positive for the test. A VAS lower than 2 was considered a normal response to skin manipulation. Simultaneously, biophysical changes and barrier function were assessed by colorimetry, transepidermal water loss(TEWL), and capacitance. To decrease measurement variations by skin manipulation, the nasolabial fold was segmented in four areas of 1 cm2 for each time measurement. Descriptive analyses were made using central tendency measures. Analyses of data were performed using two-tailed c2 test, Fisher's test, t-test, logistic regression, or Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric values between groups. RESULTS: Of the included 246 subjects, 68% were women and the mean age was 32 years. The most frequent skin phototype was Ⅴ(ranges Ⅱ-Ⅴ). Thirty-six percent of the subjects identified themselves as having sensitive skin. Fifty-two percent of the subjects were positive to the lactic acid stinging test, with a mean VAS of 4.5 at 3 min. Subjects with the self-diagnosis of sensitive skin were more likely to be positive for the test(80% vs 36%, P < 0.001). Lighter skin phototypes(types Ⅱ and Ⅲ) showed a higher response to the test compared to darker skin tones(type Ⅴ; OR = 0.88, P < 0.001). There were no statistical differences in baseline biophysical measurements. At 3 min, TEWL was significantly higher in subjects positive to the test(27.5 vs 23.7, P < 0.05). At 5 min, TEWL and capacitance showed statistical differences(26.0 vs 22.4, P < 0.05, and 239 vs 179, P < 0.05, respectively). After 5 min, values tended to return to baseline levels in both groups.CONCLUSION: Sensitive skin is frequent in our population. Darker skin phototypes have a lower prevalence of this syndrome, probably due to inherent differences in skin barrier function. 展开更多
关键词 Sensitive SKIN LACTIC acid test Transepidermal water loss COLORIMETRY CAPACITANCE
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Peak of Electron Density in F2-Layer Parameters Variability at Quiet Days on Solar Minimum 被引量:2
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作者 Emmanuel Nanéma Moustapha Konaté Frédéric Ouattara 《Journal of Modern Physics》 2019年第3期302-309,共8页
This study deals with Peak of electron density in F2-layer sensibility scale during quiet time on solar minimum. Peaks of electron density in F2-layer (NmF2) values at the quietest days are compared to those carried o... This study deals with Peak of electron density in F2-layer sensibility scale during quiet time on solar minimum. Peaks of electron density in F2-layer (NmF2) values at the quietest days are compared to those carried out from the two nearest days (previous and following of quietest day). The study uses International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) for ionosphere modeling. The located station is Ouagadougou, in West Africa. Solar minimum of phase 22 is considered in this study. Using three core principles of ionosphere modeling under IRI running conditions, the study enables to carry out Peak of electron density in F2-layer values during the quietest days of the characteristic months for the four different seasons. These parameters are compared to those of the previous and the following of the quietest days (the day before and following each quietest selected day) at the same hour. The knowledge of NmF2 values at the quietest days and at the two nearest days enables to calculate the relative error that can be made on this parameter. This calculation highlights insignificant relative errors. This means that NmF2 values at the two nearest days of each quietest day on solar minimum can be used for simulating the quietest days’ behavior. NmF2 values obtained by running IRI model have good correlation with those carried out by Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics-General Circulation Model (TIEGCM). 展开更多
关键词 IONOSPHERE PEAK of Electron Density in F2-Layer Solar Cycle QUIET Day International Reference IONOSPHERE Model
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CsPrx25,a class III peroxidase in Citrus sinensis,confers resistance to citrus bacterial canker through the maintenance of ROS homeostasis and cell wall lignification 被引量:7
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作者 Qiang Li Xiujuan Qin +4 位作者 Jingjing Qi Wanfu Dou Christophe Dunand Shanchun Chen Yongrui He 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2020年第1期130-140,共11页
Citrus bacterial canker(CBC)results from Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri(Xcc)infection and poses a grave threat to citrus production.Class III peroxidases(CIII Prxs)are key proteins to the environmental adaptation of ci... Citrus bacterial canker(CBC)results from Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri(Xcc)infection and poses a grave threat to citrus production.Class III peroxidases(CIII Prxs)are key proteins to the environmental adaptation of citrus plants to a range of exogenous pathogens,but the role of CIII Prxs during plant resistance to CBC is poorly defined.Herein,we explored the role of CsPrx25 and its contribution to plant defenses in molecular detail.Based on the expression analysis,CsPrx25 was identified as an apoplast-localized protein that is differentially regulated by Xcc infection,salicylic acid,and methyl jasmone acid in the CBC-susceptible variety Wanjincheng(C.sinensis)and the CBC-resistant variety Calamondin(C.madurensis).Transgenic Wanjincheng plants overexpressing CsPrx25 were generated,and these transgenic plants exhibited significantly increased CBC resistance compared with the WT plants.In addition,the CsPrx25-overexpressing plants displayed altered reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis accompanied by enhanced H_(2)O_(2) levels,which led to stronger hypersensitivity responses during Xcc infection.Moreover,the overexpression of CsPrx25 enhanced lignification as an apoplastic barrier for Xcc infection.Taken together,the results highlight how CsPrx25-mediated ROS homeostasis reconstruction and cell wall lignification can enhance the resistance of sweet orange to CBC. 展开更多
关键词 SINENSIS CITRUS CITRUS
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Conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to mTOR inhibitors stabilizes diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy after liver transplant 被引量:6
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作者 José M álamo Claudia Olivares +7 位作者 Lydia Barrera Luis M Marín Gonzalo Suarez Carmen Bernal Juan Serrano Jordi Muntané Francisco J Padillo Miguel A Gómez 《World Journal of Transplantation》 2015年第1期19-25,共7页
AIM: To investigate if conversion to the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors(mTORi) improves renal function in diabetic and/or hypertensive liver transplant patients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus or cyclospori... AIM: To investigate if conversion to the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors(mTORi) improves renal function in diabetic and/or hypertensive liver transplant patients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus or cyclosporine.METHODS: The study included 86 liver graft recipients immunosuppressed with mTORi treatment after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT), including all liver recipients with worsening renal function before conversion to mTORi(n = 55 patients) and recipients with normal renal function who converted to m TORi for other reasons(n = 31 patients). We identified patients with diabetes mellitus(n = 28), arterial hypertension(n = 27), proteinuria(n = 27) and all three factors(n = 8)(some patients have hypertension and diabetes and no proteinuria). The primary endpoint was evolution in renal function defined as the development in plasma creatinine as a function of diabetes mellitus(DM), hypertension(HT) or proteinuria. We required elevated serum creatinine for at least two weeks to define renal dysfunction.RESULTS: Only patients that converted because of renal failure with plasma creatinine levels > 1.5 mg/dL showed an improvement of renal function(2.14 to 1.77 mg/dL)(P = 0.02). Patients with DM showed no improvement of serum creatinine levels(1.31 mg/dL to 1.37 mg/dL) compared with non DM patients(1.31 mg/dL to 1.15 mg/dL)(P = 0.01), HT patients(1.48 mg/dL to 1.5 mg/dL) with non HT patients(1.21mg/d L to 1.08 mg/dL) and patients with proteinuria(1.44 mg/dL to 1.41 mg/dL) and no proteinuria(1.31 mg/dL to 1.11 mg/dL). CONCLUSION: In OLT recipients with diabetes or hypertensive nephropathy, conversion to m TORi does not improve renal function but stabilizes plasma levels of creatinine. Proteinuria is not a contraindication to conversion to m TORi; it also stabilizes renal function. Conversion to m TORi should only be avoided in patients with diabetes, hypertension and proteinuria. 展开更多
关键词 MAMMALIAN target of RAPAMYCIN inhibitors Liver TRANSPLANT RENAL DYSFUNCTION Hypertension Diabetes
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Management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Latin America: A Delphi technique-based consensus 被引量:3
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作者 Antonio Rollan Juan Pablo Arab +16 位作者 M Constanza Camargo Roberto Candia Paul Harris Catterina Ferreccio Charles S Rabkin Juan Cristóbal Gana Pablo Cortés Rolando Herrero Luisa Durán Apolinaria García Claudio Toledo Alberto Espino Nicole Lustig Alberto Sarfatis Catalina Figueroa Javier Torres Arnoldo Riquelme 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第31期10969-10983,共15页
AIM: To optimize diagnosis and treatment guidelines for this geographic region, a panel of gastroenterologists, epidemiologists, and basic scientists carried out a structured evaluation of available literature.
关键词 Helicobacter pylori Consensus development conference Delphi technique Latin America
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