UAV marine monitoring plays an essential role in marine environmental protection because of its flexibility and convenience,low cost and convenient maintenance.In marine environmental monitoring,the similarity between...UAV marine monitoring plays an essential role in marine environmental protection because of its flexibility and convenience,low cost and convenient maintenance.In marine environmental monitoring,the similarity between objects such as oil spill and sea surface,Spartina alterniflora and algae is high,and the effect of the general segmentation algorithm is poor,which brings new challenges to the segmentation of UAV marine images.Panoramic segmentation can do object detection and semantic segmentation at the same time,which can well solve the polymorphism problem of objects in UAV ocean images.Currently,there are few studies on UAV marine image recognition with panoptic segmentation.In addition,there are no publicly available panoptic segmentation datasets for UAV images.In this work,we collect and annotate UAV images to form a panoptic segmentation UAV dataset named UAV-OUC-SEG and propose a panoptic segmentation method named PanopticUAV.First,to deal with the large intraclass variability in scale,deformable convolution and CBAM attention mechanism are employed in the backbone to obtain more accurate features.Second,due to the complexity and diversity of marine images,boundary masks by the Laplacian operator equation from the ground truth are merged into feature maps to improve boundary segmentation precision.Experiments demonstrate the advantages of PanopticUAV beyond the most other advanced approaches on the UAV-OUC-SEG dataset.展开更多
The glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m asl.The retracti...The glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m asl.The retraction of the glacier has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high frequency of freeze-thaw cycles of great intensity;the resulting geomorphological processes are represented by the fragmentation of the bedrock that occupies the upper parts of the mountain.There is a notable lack of studies regarding the fragmentation and erosion occurring in tropical high mountains,and the associated geomorphological risks;for this reason,as a first stage of future continuous research,this study analyzes the freezing and thawing cycles that occur above 4000 m asl,through continuous monitoring of surface ground temperature.The results allow us to identify and characterize four zones:glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial.It was found that the paraglacial zone presents an intense drop of temperature,of up to~9℃ in only sixty minutes.The rock fatigue and intense freeze-thaw cycles that occur in this area are responsible for the high rate of rock disintegration and represent the main factor of the constant slope dynamics that occur at the site.This activity decreases,both in frequency and intensity,according to the distance to the glacier,which is where the temperature presents a certain degree of stability,until reaching the proglacial zone,where cycles are almost non-existent,and therefore there is no gelifraction activity.The geomorphological processes have resulted in significant alterations to the mountain slopes,which can have severe consequences in terms of risk and water.展开更多
A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and India...A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)predictions.Compared with the origin nudging scheme of NMEFC,the new scheme adds a nudge assimilation for wind components,and increases the nudging weight at the subsurface.Increasing the nudging weight at the subsurface directly improved the simulation performance of the ocean component,while assimilating low-level wind components not only affected the atmospheric component but also benefited the oceanic simulation.Hindcast experiments showed that the new scheme remarkably improved both ENSO and IOD prediction skills.The skillful prediction lead time of ENSO was up to 11 months,1 month longer than a hindcast using the original nudging scheme.Skillful prediction of IOD could be made 4–5 months ahead by the new scheme,with a 0.2 higher correlation at a 3-month lead time.These prediction skills approach the level of some of the best state-of-the-art coupled general circulation models.Improved ENSO and IOD predictions occurred across all seasons,but mainly for target months in the boreal spring for the ENSO and the boreal spring and summer for the IOD.展开更多
基金This work was partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018AAA0100400the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grants Nos.ZR2020MF131 and ZR2021ZD19the Science and Technology Program of Qingdao under Grant No.21-1-4-ny-19-nsh.
文摘UAV marine monitoring plays an essential role in marine environmental protection because of its flexibility and convenience,low cost and convenient maintenance.In marine environmental monitoring,the similarity between objects such as oil spill and sea surface,Spartina alterniflora and algae is high,and the effect of the general segmentation algorithm is poor,which brings new challenges to the segmentation of UAV marine images.Panoramic segmentation can do object detection and semantic segmentation at the same time,which can well solve the polymorphism problem of objects in UAV ocean images.Currently,there are few studies on UAV marine image recognition with panoptic segmentation.In addition,there are no publicly available panoptic segmentation datasets for UAV images.In this work,we collect and annotate UAV images to form a panoptic segmentation UAV dataset named UAV-OUC-SEG and propose a panoptic segmentation method named PanopticUAV.First,to deal with the large intraclass variability in scale,deformable convolution and CBAM attention mechanism are employed in the backbone to obtain more accurate features.Second,due to the complexity and diversity of marine images,boundary masks by the Laplacian operator equation from the ground truth are merged into feature maps to improve boundary segmentation precision.Experiments demonstrate the advantages of PanopticUAV beyond the most other advanced approaches on the UAV-OUC-SEG dataset.
基金support from the Programa de Apoyos para la Superación del Personal Académico (DGAPA)the support by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundationpart of the SIREI project num 531062023178 developed at CCT-UV
文摘The glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m asl.The retraction of the glacier has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high frequency of freeze-thaw cycles of great intensity;the resulting geomorphological processes are represented by the fragmentation of the bedrock that occupies the upper parts of the mountain.There is a notable lack of studies regarding the fragmentation and erosion occurring in tropical high mountains,and the associated geomorphological risks;for this reason,as a first stage of future continuous research,this study analyzes the freezing and thawing cycles that occur above 4000 m asl,through continuous monitoring of surface ground temperature.The results allow us to identify and characterize four zones:glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial.It was found that the paraglacial zone presents an intense drop of temperature,of up to~9℃ in only sixty minutes.The rock fatigue and intense freeze-thaw cycles that occur in this area are responsible for the high rate of rock disintegration and represent the main factor of the constant slope dynamics that occur at the site.This activity decreases,both in frequency and intensity,according to the distance to the glacier,which is where the temperature presents a certain degree of stability,until reaching the proglacial zone,where cycles are almost non-existent,and therefore there is no gelifraction activity.The geomorphological processes have resulted in significant alterations to the mountain slopes,which can have severe consequences in terms of risk and water.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41690124the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources under contract No.JG2007+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42006034,41690120 and 41530961the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)under contract No.311021009.
文摘A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)predictions.Compared with the origin nudging scheme of NMEFC,the new scheme adds a nudge assimilation for wind components,and increases the nudging weight at the subsurface.Increasing the nudging weight at the subsurface directly improved the simulation performance of the ocean component,while assimilating low-level wind components not only affected the atmospheric component but also benefited the oceanic simulation.Hindcast experiments showed that the new scheme remarkably improved both ENSO and IOD prediction skills.The skillful prediction lead time of ENSO was up to 11 months,1 month longer than a hindcast using the original nudging scheme.Skillful prediction of IOD could be made 4–5 months ahead by the new scheme,with a 0.2 higher correlation at a 3-month lead time.These prediction skills approach the level of some of the best state-of-the-art coupled general circulation models.Improved ENSO and IOD predictions occurred across all seasons,but mainly for target months in the boreal spring for the ENSO and the boreal spring and summer for the IOD.
