构建教育元宇宙医学资源生态:创建“元解剖”实践

强调以系统为基础的岗位胜任力培养教育改革模式,以及与实际医疗实践紧密结合的课程设置,是第三代世界医学教育改革核心内涵[1]。其特点是培养医学生的综合胜任力,不仅具备临床技能,还包括疾病预防、健康促进、沟通能力等多方面能力。

Leech Poecilobdella manillensis protein extract ameliorated hyperuricemia by restoring gut microbiota dysregulation and affecting serum metabolites

BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a public health concern that needs to be solved urgently.The lyophilized powder of Poecilobdella manillensis has been shown to significantly alleviate HUA;however,its underlying metabolic regulation remains unclear.AIM To explore the underlying mechanisms of Poecilobdella manillensis in HUA based on modulation of the gut microbiota and host metabolism.METHODS A mouse model of rapid HUA was established using a high-purine diet and potassium oxonate injections.The mice received oral drugs or saline.Additionally,16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics were performed to identify changes in the microbiome and host metabolome,respectively.The levels of uric acid transporters and epithelial tight junction proteins in the renal and intestinal tissues were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The protein extract of Poecilobdella manillensis lyophilized powder(49 mg/kg)showed an enhanced anti-trioxypurine ability than that of allopurinol(5 mg/kg)(P<0.05).A total of nine bacterial genera were identified to be closely related to the anti-trioxypurine activity of Poecilobdella manillensis powder,which included the genera of Prevotella,Delftia,Dialister,Akkermansia,Lactococcus,Escherichia_Shigella,Enterococcus,and Bacteroides.Furthermore,22 metabolites in the serum were found to be closely related to the anti-trioxypurine activity of Poecilobdella manillensis powder,which correlated to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways of cysteine and methionine metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,galactose metabolism,and phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis.Correlation analysis found that changes in the gut microbiota were significantly related to these metabolites.CONCLUSION The proteins in Poecilobdella manillensis powder were effective for HUA.Mechanistically,they are associated with improvements in gut microbiota dysbiosis and the regulation of sphingolipid and galactose metabolism.

Influence of Sanitization Process on Maintaining Sweet Potato Quality for Export

The whole cold-chain for exporting sweet potato(native variety“Abees”),to foreign market included immediate curing operation directly after harvest helped in healing skin texture,however,in order to reduce postharvest soft rot(Rhizopus stolonifer)incidence following trimming,and washing,ultraviolet light(UV-C)treatment was used as a main sanitizer for eliminating the soft rot.Exposure of the roots to UV-C(254 nm)was applied in a UV-C room on freshly harvested and cured sweet potato while rolling up on a movable line at 20 cm distance for 1,2,and 3 hr.As combining UV-C treatment with chlorine(200 ppm)on roots,marked and significant reduction of the total microbial load and Rhizopus potential was achieved on root surfaces respectively compared with chlorine alone.It also reduced soft rot percentage to almost 0%infection.After 3 months of cold-storage,quality assessment of sweet potato showed that root characteristics were markedly maintained.The ability of UV-C light to induce phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)enzyme activity in root tissue and maintain the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase,however with slight increase,was detected.UV-C caused an increase of phenol content in sweet potato tissue that made an activation of defense reaction against the rot causal pathogen.As the exposure time to UV-C light increased,a higher content of phenols occurred.Moreover,UV-C application caused decrease in sugar content of root tissue that is flavored by soft rot-causal pathogen.

Reshaping the concept of bonded magnets——recent progress in the industrialization of anisotropic rare earth-ferro nitrides(SmFeN,NdFeN)

The chemical formula for rare earth-ferro nitrides is R_(x)Fe_(y)N_(z),where R represents a rare earth element.Anisotropic rare earth-ferro nitrides include two types of materials with different chemical compositions and crystal structures:(1) Nd(Fe,M)_(12)N_(x) or Pr(Fe,M)_(12)N_(x),where M=Ti,V,Mo,etc.,having a ThMn_(12)-type tetragonal crystal structure,commonly referred to as Neodymium-Ferro-Nitrogen (NdFeN);(2) Sm_(2)Fe_(17)N_(x), having a Th_(2)Zn_(17)-type rhombohedral crystal structure,abbreviated as Samarium-Ferro-Nitrogen (SmFeN).The academic community refers to these two types of materials collectively as rare earth-ferro nitrides.

Establishing an integrated gastroenterology service between a medical center and the community

AIM:To combine community and hospital services inorder to enable improvements in patient management,an integrated gastroenterology service(IGS)was established.METHODS:Referral patterns to specialist clinics were optimized;open access route for endoscopic procedures(including esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy,sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy)was established;family physicians’knowledge and confidence were enhanced;direct communication lines between experts and primary care physicians were opened.Continuing education,guidelines and agreed instructions for referral were promoted by the IGS.Six quality indicators were developed by the Delphi method,rigorously designed and regularly monitored.Improvement was assessed by comparing 2010,2011 and 2012 indicators.RESULTS:An integrated delivery system in a specific medical field may provide a solution to a fragmented healthcare system impaired by a lack of coordination.In this paper we describe a new integrated gastroenterology service established in April 2010.Waiting time for procedures decreased:3 mo in April 30th 2010 to 3 wk in April 30th 2011and stayed between 1-3 wk till December 30th 2012.Average cost for patient’s visit decreased from 691 to638 NIS(a decrease of 7.6%).Six health indicators were improved significantly comparing 2010 to 2012,2.5%to 67.5%:Bone densitometry for patients with inflammatory bowel disease,preventive medications for high risk patients on aspirin/NSAIDs,colonoscopy following positive fecal occult blood test,gastroscopy in Barrett’s esophagus,documentation of family history of colorectal cancer,and colonoscopy in patients with a family history of colorectal cancer.CONCLUSION:Establishment of an IGS was found to effectively improve quality of care,while being costeffective.

水库大坝地震后特别检查(英文)

地震可以不同方式对水库大坝造成破坏:①强烈的地振动;②坝基沿断层或其他间断面的位移;③水库内断层活动引起波浪使大坝失去超高;④岩体向水库运动形成冲击波。大地震影响的范围较广,可能影响的水库大坝数量也较多,如2001年发生的印度Bhuj地震,有240多座水库大坝(主要为小型的土石坝)因遭受破坏而需要除险加固。另外,2008年5月12日发生在四川汶川的8级地震,有1580多座水库大坝遭受到不同程度的破坏。2008年6月14日日本Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku7.2级地震发生后,对其涉及的134座水库大坝进行了地震后特别检查。通常,负责大坝安全的部门需要通过调查对震损水库的安全状况进行评估,进行调查时最好使用检查表。2008年国际大坝委员会对使用了20a的地震后水坝检查导则进行了全面修订,其中包括土石坝及混凝土坝的震后检查表。介绍了导则修改后的特点,并希望提供的检查表不仅应用于水库大坝的震后检查,也可应用于水库大坝一般检查。

Comparison of the performance of MS enteroscope series and Japanese double-and single-balloon enteroscopes

BACKGROUND Small intestine disease endangers human health and is not easy to locate and diagnose.AIM To observe the effect of the MS series of small intestine endoscopes on the gastrointestinal tract,the changes in serum gastrin levels and intestinal tissue,and the time required for the examination.METHODS In vivo experiments in 20 Living pigs were conducted,Bowel preparation was routinely performed,Intravenous anesthesia with propofol and ketamine was applied,the condition of the small intestine was observed and the detection time of the MS series of small intestine endoscopes were recorded,The changes in intestinal tissue using the MS series of small intestine endoscopes observed and compared before and after the examination,Venous blood(3-5 mL)from pigs was collected before and after the experiment;changes in intestinal tissue after use of the MS series of small intestine endoscopes observed after examination.After completion of each type of small intestine endoscope experiment,the pigs were allowed to rest and the next type of small intestine endoscope experiment was performed after 15 days of normal feeding.The detection time data of the single-balloon small intestine endoscope and doubleballoon small intestine endoscope were collected from four hospitals.RESULTS One case of Ascarislumbricoides,one of suspected Crohn’s disease,one small intestinal diverticulum and one anesthesia accident were observed in pigs.The small intestine showed no differences in the MS series of small intestine endoscopes and there were no differences in serum gastrin between the groups(P>0.05).The time required for inspection was recorded,and the overall detection time for the Japanese small intestine endoscopes was approximately 1.68±0.16 h.CONCLUSION Intestinal ascariasis is a common disease in pigs.Some pigs have abnormal intestinal variation.After continuous upgrade and improvement,the MS-3 and MS-4 small intestine endoscope appear superior in terms of detection time.

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Island and Tunnel Project

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao （HZM） Bridge is located at the Pearl River estuary and has a total length of 55 km. The HZM Bridge＇s main navigational crossing is by way of two 100 000 m2 artificial islands and a 6.7 km long undersea tunnel, which are the link＇s most critical parts.

慕尼黑公共交通的设计与运营(英文)

Introduction of Public Transport in Munich Underground System The new generation of underground trains travel at a top speed of 80 km/h and are equipped with cutting-edge technology. Current projects rolling stock are equipped with Onboard Fire-Detection and Extinction of fire, viedo-surveillance-system with data communication in parking facilities, on board-TV(passenger information and entertainment)

Micronized Calcite Potential, Production and Principle Characteristics of Nigde (Turkey)

Marble that exploited for micronized calcite production in Nigde area (South Central Turkey) occur in the Upper Cretaceous Gümü ler, A gedi i, and Kaleboynu Formations of the Nigde Massif. Although there are a few marble producing quarries in the area, it is long been known that the marbles of this area are generally highly fractured and don’t yield large blocks or suitable slabs meeting the industrial demands. Thus, most of the production is currently carried out mainly as building stone, crushed stone and micronized calcite. Due mainly to high demand, micronized calcite has been becoming very significant export product to the state’s economy. Because the Nigde marbles are coarse grained with high CaCO3 content, high purity and whiteness, they are considered to be the highest quality micronized calcite quarries in the country. Consequently, the area drew many national and international investors resulting in significant increase in the number and extent of micronized calcite plants in the area. In early 1980’s, the city of Nigde had only one or two plants, it is now well over 5 including foreign investors and joint ventures. Annual production is also considerably increased from 20,000-30,000 tones to almost half a million tones and it is still in increasing trend.

Database Recovery Technique for Mobile Computing:A Game Theory Approach

Contact between mobile hosts and database servers presents many problems in theMobile Database System(MDS).It is harmed by a variety of causes,including handoff,inadequate capacity,frequent transaction updates,and repeated failures,both of which contribute to serious issues with the information system’s consistency.However,error tolerance technicality allows devices to continue performing their functions in the event of a failure.The aim of this paper is to identify the optimal recovery approach from among the available state-of-the-art techniques in MDS by employing game theory.Several of the presented recovery protocols are chosen and evaluated in order to determine the most critical factors affecting the recovery mechanism,such as the number of processes,the time required to deliver messages,and the number of messages logged-in time.Then,using the suggested payout matrix,the game theory strategy is adapted to choose the optimum recovery technique for the specified environmental variables.The NS2 simulatorwas used to carry out the tests and apply the chosen recovery protocols.The experiments validate the proposed model’s usefulness in comparison to other methods.

Baotou Iron and Steel Company

The Baotou Iron and Steel Company(BISCO) is located at Baotou,830 kilometerswest of Beijing,in the Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region.The ore deposit atBaiyun’ebo,on which the company is based,was discovered by geologist DING Daohengin 1927 and was later found to be rich inrare earth elements.An extensive prospecting campaignwas launched after the founding of the

On the Quantum Entanglement Reinterpretation Using the Time as Real Instantaneous Signal Field

In relativistic mechanics the time-like vector characterize the motion in spacetime with speed faster than the speed of light in vacuum c in which the line element ds2=c2dt2-dx2-dx2-dz2 is less than zero (where is infinitesimal change in time, and are infinitesimal change in space), thus the time in relativistic mechanics can instantaneously flow [1], however in quantum mechanics although the time is treated as unobservable parameter (without any Hermitian observable operator have engine-value equivalent to time) any two physical quantity described by two non-commuting observable operatorsand fulfill , the knowledge of one immediately produce the knowledge of the other [2], thus in quantum mechanics if two particles interacted in finite temporal epoch and then separated in space the gaining of knowledge by the local measurement of physical quantity runs on one them (for example the measurement of spin direction of one particle using Stern-Gerlach experiment) immediately produce the knowledge of the complementary physical quantity of the other particle (for example the opposite spin direction of the other particle), this simply called quantum entanglement the concept that so much advanced after publication of the Jon Bell’s 1964 celebrated paper [3] in which he illustrated that we can add parameters to quantum mechanics to determine the results of individual measurements, without changing the statistical predictions, and then he conclude “there must be a mechanism whereby the setting of one measuring device can influence the reading of another instrument, however remote. Moreover, the signal involved must propagate instantaneously so that such a theory could not be Lorentz invariant”. The question now what these signals that can propagate instantaneously? The answer in this paper will be the time signals field which is defined for each constituent matter particle M and at each space point P as the measure of the total length of all occupation and leaving epochs of P by M which is representing a sequence function compactly supported only at the space point occupied by it and indexed by the number of occupation epochs of P by M, thus the flow of this time signal field from the far future to near future through the present to the near past to the far past inferable by the flow of matter particles constituting the system(such as sun, moon earth and clocks hands). Thus the present will represent in this paper a local absolute feature of time signals field defined at each space point as the set of all occupation epochs of it by matter particle, however the past and future will represent relativistic non-local features of the time signal field defined at each space point as a set of all leaving epochs between each two sequential occupation epochs, so the future after one occupation epoch is representing a past of the next one. Thus according to current representation of time, the two Mc-Taggard’s A and B series of time [4] will exist together as temporal set and then the time is real, the A-series in current theory is a set of all occupation and leaving epochs of space point by the matter particle that is consisting of the present, past and future epochs, and the B-series is the set of all leaving epochs of space points between each two sequential occupation epochs which are taking position before or after the discrete occupation epochs between them and then before or after each other.

数字化医学影像系统协助 玫瑰乳癌医疗中心对抗乳癌

玫瑰乳癌医疗中心是一个非营利的乳癌医疗中心，成立于1986年，致力于为休斯敦地区的妇女提供一流的服务，让弱势贫穷的妇女也可以受到很好的医疗照护，并与高等医疗院所合作，如圣路克主教医院与MD安德森治癌尽力去救治更多的生命，让更多以接受到乳房筛检的服务。玫瑰疗中心致力协助妇女对抗乳癌的备受各界肯定，

To Protect the Environment—the Bounden Duty of CNPC

Environmental Protection takes precedence during the production and operation The idea of 'humanistic, safety first and

Music Brings Colors to Life

MUSIC and art are not exclusive to professional artists or musicians;they can be appreciated by all who love life.

OUTLOOK OF CHINA’S PETROLEUM EXPLORATION POTENTIAL

Oil and gas resource situation of China Overall discovered maturity of oil and gas resources not high According to all previous nationwide estimates of oilgas resources, the total resources is relatively abundant in China. The latest resource assessment results, performed by China＇s three national oil companies （CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC）, also indicate that petroleum exploration still has a solid resource base. According to the latest nationwide petroleum resource assessment results and the proved oil and gas geologic reserves at the end of 2004, the average discovery maturity of recoverable oil reserves is 20% in China, with 40% in east China, 14% in westcentral China and 14.5% in offshore China, reflecting that petroleum exploration is still in middle stage with considerable exploration potential.

China Petroleum Materials & Equipment Corporation Strives to Be First-Class Internationally

As the aircraft carries of material equipment of China＇s petroleum industry, China Petroleum Material ＆ Equipment Corporation（CPMEC） has actively dealt with the economic system transformation, fierce competition after China＇s entry into WTO, and reorganization of petroleum and petrochemical industry in China. It has boosted reform and accelerated development, with its annual economic benefits hitting the best record in the history.

Testing the hypothesis of subtypes of nonadherence in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder:A prospective study

BACKGROUND Nonadherence is a major problem in the treatment of psychotic disorders.It has been hypothesized that nonadherent patients with schizophrenia are not a homogeneous population and subtypes of nonadherence might exist,but this hypothesis has not been specifically tested.AIM To test the hypothesis of subtypes of nonadherence in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.METHODS This prospective study included 110 consecutively admitted patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.Assessments were performed at baseline and at 6 mo follow-up after discharge.Sociodemographic,clinical,psychopathological and treatment-related variables were evaluated.Adherence was defined as the concurrence of adherence to antipsychotic treatment and outpatient follow-up during the six-month period.Adherence to antipsychotic treatment was defined as the concurrence of objective and subjective adherence.Sixty-four patients(58%)fulfilled nonadherence criteria at the end of the followup period and were categorized according to their subtype of nonadherence.RESULTS In nonadherent patients(n=64),32(50%)fulfilled criteria of intentional nonadherence,and 32(50%)of unintentional nonadherence(UNA).Unintentional nonadherent patients,as compared to intentional nonadherent patients,are characterized by older age,lower educational level,worse cognitive and negative symptoms,greater severity,worse knowledge of their treatment regimen,greater prevalence of supervision of the treatment,lower number of prior hospitalizations and greater use of nonpsychiatric treatment,anticholinergics and hypnotics.Low educational level(OR=26.1;95%CI:2.819-241),worse treatment knowledge at six months(OR per unit=0.904;95%CI:0.853-0.957)and nonpsychiatric treatment at six months(OR=15.8;95%CI:1.790-139)were independently associated to UNA.CONCLUSION Differentiated subtypes of nonadherence according to intentionality seem to exist in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.Our findings suggest the need for differentiated approach,both in future research and in clinical practice.