Effect of ionic strength and mixing ratio on complex coacervation of soy protein isolate/Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide

Soy protein isolate(SPI)is a commercial protein with balanced amino acids,while the poor solubility impedes its use in traditional foods.To overcome the problem,the complex coacervation of SPI/Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide(FVP)were investigated.Initial results revealed that the suitable amounts of FVP contributed to reducing the turbidity of SPI solution.Under electrostatic interaction,the formation of SPI/FVP coacervates were spontaneous and went through a nucleation and growth process.Low salt concentration(C_(NaCl)=10,50 mmol/L)led to an increase in the critical pH values(pHc,pHφ1)while the critical pH values decreased when C_(NaCl)≥100 mmol/L.The concentration of NaCl ions increased the content ofα-helix.With the increase of FVP,the critical pH values decreased and the content ofβ-sheet increased through electrostatic interaction.At SPI/FVP ratio of 10:1 and 15:1,the complex coacervation of SPI/FVP were saturated,and the coacervates had the same storage modulus value.SPI/FVP coacervates exhibited solid-like properties and presented the strongest storage modulus at C_(NaCl)=50 mmol/L.The optimal pH,SPI/FVP ratio and NaCl concentration of complex coacervation were collected,and the coacervates demonstrated a valuable application potential to protect and deliver bioactives and food ingredients.

Auricularia polytricha noodles prevent hyperlipemia and modulate gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed mice

Auricularia polytricha possesses hypolipidemic effects and decreases lipid accumulation,leading to potential food additives for functional food processing.In this research,we explored the potential effects of A.polytricha noodles on hyperlipidemia and gut microbiota dysbiosis,and elucidated their possible regulatory mechanisms on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet(HFD)mice.A.polytricha n oodles treatment signifi cantly(P<0.05)reduced body weight gain,hyperlipidemia and liver fat accumulation.Meanwhile,A.polytricha noodles decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),total triglyceride(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)compared with the HFD group.Furthermore,A.polytricha noodles could enrich the diversity of gut microbiota by decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes as well as the relative abundance of Deferribacteres and increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia,which might contribute to the prevention of hyperlipidemia.This study indicated that A.polytricha noodles could modulate the gut microbiota and prevent hyperlipidemia and liver fat accumulation induced by HFD.

Fe²⁺Coupled with Vitamin c (Vc) Can Enhance Glucose Metabolism and Decrease Blood Glucose Levels of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice

That FeSO4 not FeCl3 can reduce the blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetes mice has been reported in previous research. This study explained the cause of difference in activity of two different iron ions on diabetic mice based on glucose consumption (GC). FeSO4, FeCl3, Vitamine c (Vc), FeSO4 + Vc, metformin were administrated to the alloxan induced-diabetic mice, respectively. After administrated, serum glucose, fructosaminr, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total iron and Fe2+ levels and GC of liver in vivo were analyzed, respectively. In vitro, effect of different iron ions coupled with Vc or streptozotocin on GC of liver of diabetic mice of model group were analyzed. The body weights and serum insulin levels of Fe2+ and Fe2+ + Vc treated diabetic mice notably increased. The serum glucose, fructosamine, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased, whereas serum total iron and Fe2+ levels and GC in liver were increased in the Fe2+, Vc and Fe2+ + Vc groups compared with in the model groups. In addition, hardly change of serum insulin level was caused by Fe2+, Vc and Fe2+ + Vc treatment. However, the similar resultst did not obtain a Fe3+ treated. Further, liver’s GC of untreated-diabetic mice was lower than of normal mice and significantly increased after Fe2+ not Fe3+ added to the reaction resolution in vitro, and further increased when Fe2+ and vitamin c (Vc) synchronously added to the reaction system, however, decreased when Fe2+ and Streptozotocin were added synchronously to the reaction resolution. It is suggested that iron coupled with reducer can enhance the glucose metabolism to eventually achieve to controlling blood glucose levels.