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Differences and identification on multi-time hydrocarbon generation of carboniferous-permian coaly source rocks in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin
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作者 Jin-Jun Xu Xian-Gang Cheng +5 位作者 Shu-Nan Peng Jun-Cai Jiang Qi-Long Wu Da Lou Fu-Qi Cheng La-Mei Lin 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期765-776,共12页
Coal is a solid combustible mineral,and coal-bearing strata have important hydrocarbon generation potential and contribute to more than 12%of the global hydrocarbon resources.However,the deposition and hydrocarbon evo... Coal is a solid combustible mineral,and coal-bearing strata have important hydrocarbon generation potential and contribute to more than 12%of the global hydrocarbon resources.However,the deposition and hydrocarbon evolution process of ancient coal-bearing strata is characterized by multiple geological times,leading to obvious distinctions in their hydrocarbon generation potential,geological processes,and production,which affect the evaluation and exploration of hydrocarbon resources derived from coaly source rocks worldwide.This study aimed to identify the differences on oil-generated parent macerals and the production of oil generated from different coaly source rocks and through different oil generation processes.Integrating with the analysis of previous tectonic burial history and hydrocarbon generation history,high-temperature and high-pressure thermal simulation experiments,organic geochemistry,and organic petrology were performed on the Carboniferous-Permian(C-P)coaly source rocks in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin.The oil-generated parent macerals of coal's secondary oil generation process(SOGP)were mainly hydrogen-rich collotelinite,collodetrinite,sporinite,and cutinite,while the oil-generated parent macerals of tertiary oil generation process(TOGP)were the remaining small amount of hydrogen-rich collotelinite,sporinite,and cutinite,as well as dispersed soluble organic matter and unexhausted residual hydrocarbons.Compared with coal,the oil-generated parent macerals of coaly shale SOGP were mostly sporinite and cutinite.And part of hydrogen-poor vitrinite,lacking hydrocarbon-rich macerals,and macerals of the TOGP,in addition to some remaining cutinite and a small amount of crude oil and bitumen from SOGP contributed to the oil yield.The results indicated that the changes in oil yield had a good junction between SOGP and TOGP,both coal and coaly shale had higher SOGP aborted oil yield than TOGP starting yield,and coaly shale TOGP peak oil yield was lower than SOGP peak oil yield.There were significant differences in saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic parameters in coal and coaly shale.Coal SOGP was characterized by a lower Ts/Tm and C31-homohopane22S/(22S+22R)and a higher Pr/n C17compared to coal TOGP,while the aromatic parameter methyl dibenzothiophene ratio(MDR)exhibited coaly shale TOGP was higher than coaly shale SOGP than coaly TOGP than coaly SOGP,and coal trimethylnaphthalene ratio(TNR)was lower than coaly shale TNR.Thus,we established oil generation processes and discriminative plates.In this way,we distinguished the differences between oil generation parent maceral,oil generation time,and oil production of coaly source rocks,and therefore,we provided important support for the evaluation,prediction,and exploration of oil resources from global ancient coaly source rocks. 展开更多
关键词 Thermal simulation Multi-time oil generation processes Coaly source rock CARBONIFEROUS-PERMIAN Huanghua Depression
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“Component flow”conditions and its effects on enhancing production of continental medium-to-high maturity shale oil
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作者 ZHAO Wenzhi BIAN Congsheng +8 位作者 LI Yongxin LIU Wei QIN Bing PU Xiugang JIANG Jianlin LIU Shiju GUAN Ming DONG Jin SHEN Yutan 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2024年第4期826-838,共13页
Based on the production curves,changes in hydrocarbon composition and quantities over time,and production systems from key trial production wells in lacustrine shale oil areas in China,fine fraction cutting experiment... Based on the production curves,changes in hydrocarbon composition and quantities over time,and production systems from key trial production wells in lacustrine shale oil areas in China,fine fraction cutting experiments and molecular dynamics numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of changes in shale oil composition on macroscopic fluidity.The concept of“component flow”for shale oil was proposed,and the formation mechanism and conditions of component flow were discussed.The research reveals findings in four aspects.First,a miscible state of light,medium and heavy hydrocarbons form within micropores/nanopores of underground shale according to similarity and intermiscibility principles,which make components with poor fluidity suspended as molecular aggregates in light and medium hydrocarbon solvents,such as heavy hydrocarbons,thereby decreasing shale oil viscosity and enhancing fluidity and outflows.Second,small-molecule aromatic hydrocarbons act as carriers for component flow,and the higher the content of gaseous and light hydrocarbons,the more conducive it is to inhibit the formation of larger aggregates of heavy components such as resin and asphalt,thus increasing their plastic deformation ability and bringing about better component flow efficiency.Third,higher formation temperatures reduce the viscosity of heavy hydrocarbon components,such as wax,thereby improving their fluidity.Fourth,preservation conditions,formation energy,and production system play important roles in controlling the content of light hydrocarbon components,outflow rate,and forming stable“component flow”,which are crucial factors for the optimal compatibility and maximum flow rate of multi-component hydrocarbons in shale oil.The component flow of underground shale oil is significant for improving single-well production and the cumulative ultimate recovery of shale oil. 展开更多
关键词 continental facies pure shale type shale oil medium-to-high maturity shale oil micro-nanopores multi-component hydrocarbons component flow similarity and intermiscibility molecular aggregate
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A Novel Method for Determining the Void Fraction in Gas-Liquid Multi-Phase Systems Using a Dynamic Conductivity Probe
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作者 Xiaochu Luo Xiaobing Qi +3 位作者 Zhao Luo Zhonghao Li Ruiquan Liao Xingkai Zhang 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第6期1233-1249,共17页
Conventional conductivity methods for measuring the void fraction in gas-liquid multiphase systems are typically affected by accuracy problems due to the presence of fluid flow and salinity.This study presents a novel... Conventional conductivity methods for measuring the void fraction in gas-liquid multiphase systems are typically affected by accuracy problems due to the presence of fluid flow and salinity.This study presents a novel approach for determining the void fraction based on a reciprocating dynamic conductivity probe used to measure the liquid film thickness under forced annular-flow conditions.The measurement system comprises a cyclone,a conductivity probe,a probe reciprocating device,and a data acquisition and processing system.This method ensures that the flow pattern is adjusted to a forced annular flow,thereby minimizing the influence of complex and variable gas-liquid flow patterns on the measurement results;Moreover,it determines the liquid film thickness solely according to circuit connectivity rather than specific conductivity values,thereby mitigating the impact of salinity.The reliability of the measurement system is demonstrated through laboratory experiments.The experimental results indicate that,in a range of gas phase superficial velocities 5–20 m/s and liquid phase superficial velocities 0.079–0.48 m/s,the maximum measurement deviation for the void fraction is 4.23%. 展开更多
关键词 Forced annular flow dynamic conductivity probe void fraction gas-liquid flow liquid film thickness
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Research on the solid particle erosion wear of pipe steel for hydraulic fracturing based on experiments and numerical simulations
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作者 Si-Qi Yang Jian-Chun Fan +7 位作者 Ming-Tao Liu De-Ning Li Jun-Liang Li Li-Hong Han Jian-Jun Wang Shang-Yu Yang Si-Wei Dai Lai-Bin Zhang 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2779-2792,共14页
Erosion wear is a common failure mode in the oil and gas industry.In the hydraulic fracturing,the fracturing pipes are not only in high-pressure working environment,but also suffer from the impact of the high-speed so... Erosion wear is a common failure mode in the oil and gas industry.In the hydraulic fracturing,the fracturing pipes are not only in high-pressure working environment,but also suffer from the impact of the high-speed solid particles in the fracturing fluid.Beneath such complex conditions,the vulnerable components of the pipe system are prone to perforation or even burst accidents,which has become one of the most serious risks at the fracturing site.Unfortunately,it is not yet fully understood the erosion mechanism of pipe steel for hydraulic fracturing.Therefore,this article provides a detailed analysis of the erosion behavior of fracturing pipes under complex working conditions based on experiments and numerical simulations.Firstly,we conducted erosion experiments on AISI 4135 steel for fracturing pipes to investigate the erosion characteristics of the material.The effects of impact angle,flow velocity and applied stress on erosion wear were comprehensively considered.Then a particle impact dynamic model of erosion wear was developed based on the experimental parameters,and the evolution process of particle erosion under different impact angles,impact velocities and applied stress was analyzed.By combining the erosion characteristics,the micro-structure of the eroded area,and the micro-mechanics of erosion damage,the erosion mechanism of pipe steel under fracturing conditions was studied in detail for the first time.Under high-pressure operating conditions,it was demonstrated through experiments and numerical simulations that the size of the micro-defects in the eroded area increased as the applied stress increased,resulting in more severe erosion wear of fracturing pipes. 展开更多
关键词 Erosion wear Applied stress Particle impact dynamics Erosion mechanism
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Recent advances in switchable surfactants for heavy oil production:A review
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作者 Qi Li Lingfei Liu +1 位作者 Dejun Sun Zhenghe Xu 《Energy Geoscience》 EI 2024年第4期75-88,共14页
Surfactants are extensively employed in the cold production of heavy oil.However,producing heavy oil emulsions using conventional surfactants poses a challenge to spontaneous demulsification,necessitating the addition... Surfactants are extensively employed in the cold production of heavy oil.However,producing heavy oil emulsions using conventional surfactants poses a challenge to spontaneous demulsification,necessitating the addition of demulsifiers for oil-water separation.This inevitably increases the exploitation cost and environmental pollution risk.Switchable surfactants have garnered much attention due to their dual capabilities of underground heavy oil emulsification and surface demulsification.This study focuses on the fundamental working principles and classification of novel switchable surfactants for oil displacement developed in recent years.It offers a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the applications of switchable surfactants in the fields of enhanced oil recovery(EOR),oil sand washing,and oil-water separation.Furthermore,it highlights the existing challenges and future development directions of switchable surfactants for heavy oil recovery. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy oil Switchable surfactant Cold production EMULSIFICATION DEMULSIFICATION
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Magmatic hydrothermal fluid genesis of zeolite in the Paleogene Kongdian Formation of Zaoyuan oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin,China 被引量:1
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作者 HAN Guomeng WANG Li +7 位作者 XIAO Dunqing LOU Da XU Muyue ZHAO Yonggang PEI Yanlu GUO Xiaowen TENG Jiancheng' HAN Yuanjia 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 CSCD 2021年第5期1101-1112,共12页
Electronic probe,fluid inclusion homogenization temperature,Raman spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were utilized to identify the hydrothermal fluid-rock interactions in the ... Electronic probe,fluid inclusion homogenization temperature,Raman spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were utilized to identify the hydrothermal fluid-rock interactions in the second member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation of Zaoyuan oilfield in Bohai Bay Basin(Kong 2 Member for short)of Well Z56 to find out the relationship between zeolite and hydrothermal fluid.The experimental results show that:(1)Pyrobitumen coexists with hydrothermal fluid characteristic minerals such as chlorite,barite,chalcopyrite,pyrite,natrolite and analcime in mudstone fractures.(2)The temperatures calculated from laser Raman spectrum of pyrobitumen,from the chlorite geothermometer and from measured homogenization temperature of natrolite inclusions are 324-354℃,124-166℃ and 89-196℃,respectively;although vary widely,all the temperatures are obviously higher than the normal geothermal temperature.(3)The positive Eu anomaly of chlorite and barite,and the similar distribution pattern in rare earth elements between natrolite and basalt indicate they are from magmatic hydrothermal fluid.Moreover,drilling data shows that the Kong 2 Member in Well Z56 has several sets of basalt interlayers,suggesting there was geologic base of magmatic hydrothermal fluid activity.The magmatic hydrothermal fluid-rock interaction may be one of the reasons for the abnormal enrichment of zeolite in Kong 2 Member of the Cangdong Sag. 展开更多
关键词 Paleogene Kongdian Formation magmatic hydrothermal fluid ZEOLITE Zaoyuan oilfield Cangdong Sag Huanghua Depression Bohai Bay Basin
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Decipher hydrocarbon generation and accumulation based on fluid inclusion and chronology:A case study from the Upper Paleozoic buried-hills in Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin 被引量:1
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作者 Li-Hong Zhou Yong Li +5 位作者 Feng-Ming Jin Jin-Feng Xie Xiu-Gang Pu Li-Xin Fu Da Lou Yang Tian 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期1998-2008,共11页
Deciphering hydrocarbon generation and accumulation stage is of significance to understand oil and gas evolution and seek exploration targets.Taking the Upper Paleozoic buried-hills in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Ba... Deciphering hydrocarbon generation and accumulation stage is of significance to understand oil and gas evolution and seek exploration targets.Taking the Upper Paleozoic buried-hills in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,as a case study,hydrocarbon generation environment and detailed accumulation process are revealed by fluid inclusions observations,Laser Raman spectroscopy,Fourier Infrared spectroscopy,and K-Ar isotope measurements.The results show that both oil and gas inclusion were captured in the quartz overgrowth,dissolved feldspar and calcite microfractures,showing blue to dark brown fluoresce.The grains containing oil inclusions index(GOI)of oil,oil&gas and gas being 25%,65%,and 10%and the inclusions with abundant methyl groups and short chains,both indicate high thermal maturity.One series of fluids inclusion is generally observed,evidenced by the concentrated homogenization temperature of 135-145℃ and salinity of 3%-15 w.t.%NaCl equiv,indicating one primary charging stage.The gas and gas&liquid inclusions mainly contain CH_(4),with also peaks indicating CO_(2) and N_(2.)The Carboniferous and Permian biomarkers show reducing environment with brackish water,with organic matter sources both from marine and continental.The relative content ofααα20RC_(27),ααα20RC_(28),andααα20RC_(29) exhibit source contributions both from algae and higher plants,and mainly of II2 to III kerogen.Both coal derived gas and oil associated hydrocarbons are identified from most of the buried-hills.Combining the fluid homogenization temperature and salinity,as well as the thermal evolution history,the hydrocarbon generated from the Upper Paleozoic was concentrated at the end of the Eocene(40 Ma±),while the beginning of charging is 60 Ma±.The Wumaying Buried-hill is of only coal derived gas and has potential for inner coal measure natural gas exploration.The results provide a detailed understanding of hydrocarbon accumulations in the study area,which can also be reference for improving petroleum exploration efficiency in similar basins. 展开更多
关键词 Petroleum accumulation Buried hills K–Ar isotope Fluid inclusions Huanghua depression Bohai Bay Basin
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Cycles of fine-grained sedimentation and their influences on organic matter distribution in the second member of Paleogene Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,East China
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作者 ZHAO Xianzheng PU Xiugang +10 位作者 YAN Jihua JIN Fengming SHI Zhannan CHAI Gongquan HAN Wenzhong LIU Yan JIANG Wenya CHEN Changwei ZHANG Wei FANG Zheng XIE Delu 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2023年第3期534-546,共13页
According to the theory of sequence stratigraphy based on continental transgressive-regressive(T-R)cycles,a 500 m continuous core taken from the second member of Kongdian Formation(Kong 2 Member)of Paleogene in Well G... According to the theory of sequence stratigraphy based on continental transgressive-regressive(T-R)cycles,a 500 m continuous core taken from the second member of Kongdian Formation(Kong 2 Member)of Paleogene in Well G108-8 in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,was tested and analyzed to clarify the high-frequency cycles of deep-water fine-grained sedimentary rocks in lacustrine basins.A logging vectorgraph in red pattern was plotted,and then a sequence stratigraphic framework with five-order high-frequency cycles was formed for the fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the Kong 2 Member.The high-frequency cycles of fine-grained sedimentary rocks were characterized by using different methods and at different scales.It is found that the fifth-order T cycles record a high content of terrigenous clastic minerals,a low paleosalinity,a relatively humid paleoclimate and a high density of laminae,while the fifth-order R cycles display a high content of carbonate minerals,a high paleosalinity,a dry paleoclimate and a low density of laminae.The changes in high-frequency cycles controlled the abundance and type of organic matter.The T cycles exhibit relatively high TOC and abundant endogenous organic matters in water in addition to terrigenous organic matters,implying a high primary productivity of lake for the generation and enrichment of shale oil. 展开更多
关键词 fine-grained sediment high-frequency cycle lamina density organic matter Paleogene Kong 2 Member Cangdong Sag Bohai Bay Basin
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Evolution characteristics and exploration targets of Permian clastic rock reservoirs in Bohai Bay Basin,East China
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作者 CAO Yingchang SUN Peipei +6 位作者 ZHOU Lihong YUAN Guanghui LIU Huimin LOU Da WU Zhiping JIN Qiang JIANG Youlu 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2023年第5期1077-1091,共15页
Based on core observation, thin section examination, fluid inclusions analysis, carbon and oxygen isotopic composition analysis, and other approaches, the structural and burial evolution histories were investigated, a... Based on core observation, thin section examination, fluid inclusions analysis, carbon and oxygen isotopic composition analysis, and other approaches, the structural and burial evolution histories were investigated, and the diagenetic evolution process and genetic/development models were systematically discussed of the Upper Paleozoic Permian clastic rock reservoirs in the Bohai Bay Basin, East China. The Bohai Bay Basin underwent three stages of burial and two stages of uplifting in the Upper Paleozoic. Consequently, three stages of acid dissolution generated by the thermal evolution of kerogen, and two stages of meteoric freshwater leaching occurred. Dissolution in deeply buried, nearly closed diagenetic system was associated with the precipitation of authigenic clay and quartz, leading to a limited increase in storage space. Different structural uplifting–subsidence processes of tectonic zones resulted in varying diagenetic–reservoir-forming processes of the Permian clastic reservoirs. Three genetic models of reservoirs are recognized. The Model I reservoirs with pores formed in shallow strata and buried in shallow to medium strata underwent two stages of exposure to long-term open environment and two stages of meteoric freshwater leaching to enhance pores near the surface, and were shallowly buried in the late stage, exhibiting the dominance of secondary pores and the best physical properties. The Model Ⅱ reservoirs with pores formed in shallow strata and preserved due to modification after deep burial experienced an early exposure-open to late burial-closed environment, where pore types were modified due to dissolution, exhibiting the dominance of numerous secondary solution pores in feldspar and the physical properties inferior to Model I. The Model Ⅲ reservoirs with pores formed after being regulated after multiple periods of burial and dissolution experienced a dissolution of acidic fluids of organic origin under a near-closed to closed environment, exhibiting the dominance of intercrystalline micropores in kaolinite and the poorest physical properties. The target reservoirs lied in the waterflood area in the geological period of meteoric freshwater leaching, and are now the Model Ⅱ deep reservoirs in the slope zone–depression zone. They are determined as favorable options for subsequent exploration. 展开更多
关键词 Bohai Bay Basin PERMIAN clastic rock diagenetic evolution reservoir-forming mechanism secondary pore
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Sequence Thickness and its Response to Episodic Tectonic Evolution in Paleogene Qikou Sag, Bohaiwan Basin 被引量:10
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作者 CHEN Si WANG Hua +4 位作者 ZHOU Lihong HUANG Chuanyan WANG Jiahao REN Peigang XIANG Xuemei 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第5期1077-1092,共16页
The sequence stratigraphy framework of Paleogene of Qikou Sag has been built in this paper. The evolution law of episodic subsidence in Qikou Sag has been expounded, with the analysis of the characteristic of sequence... The sequence stratigraphy framework of Paleogene of Qikou Sag has been built in this paper. The evolution law of episodic subsidence in Qikou Sag has been expounded, with the analysis of the characteristic of sequence thickness, as well as the study of consedimental tectonic activity, subsidence history, paleogeomorphology and the coupling relationship among them. The faults controlling action was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage I , as the depression was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage III, which embodies a process from intense disparity fault depression to integral subsidence. Meanwhile, under the control of regional faulting and later stage depression, subsidence rate centers and paleogeomorphic concave centers are always corresponding to the sequence thickness centers, and the changes of subsidence centers and paleogeomorphology concave centers are consistent with the migration of thickness centers, which presents the restriction, coupling and response among them and clarifies the law that tectonic activity controls the basin fill by means of controlling the subsidence rate and paleogeomorphology from contributing factor angle. On this basis, the dynamic evolution of the composite pattern of structure-subsidence-deposition in the fault controlling actic region during the three rifting stages and their petroleum geological significance has been discussed. 展开更多
关键词 sequence thickness episodic tectonic evolution response relationship PALEOGENE Qikou Sag
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Spontaneous imbibition characteristics of shale oil reservoir under the influence of osmosis 被引量:6
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作者 Yuliang Su Qinghao Sun +6 位作者 Wendong Wang Xincheng Guo Jilong Xu Guanqun Li Xiugang Pu Wenzhong Han Zhannan Shi 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI CAS CSCD 2022年第5期48-58,共11页
The spontaneous imbibition(SI)process in shale oil reservoirs is not only infuenced by capillary force,but also by the osmotic pressure between the fracturing fuid and formation water in the nanopores media.In this st... The spontaneous imbibition(SI)process in shale oil reservoirs is not only infuenced by capillary force,but also by the osmotic pressure between the fracturing fuid and formation water in the nanopores media.In this study,experimental methods are used to investigate the mechanisms of osmosis in the SI,taking into account the presence of initial formation water in shale oil reservoirs.To investigate the efect of osmosis,SI experiments were performed on the fne-grained felsic shale of the Qikou sag of Dagang oilfeld.Low-feld NMR testers and high-precision electronic balances are utilized for the measuring of oil–water migration.The results show that,when Sw≠0,high-salinity fuid SI can be divided into four stages:initial imbibition stage,drainage stage,secondary imbibition stage and stationary stage;when Sw=0,there is no drainage stage of high-salinity fuid SI;when Sw≠0 or Sw=0,low-salinity fuid SI can be called the“osmosis-enhanced SI”;and we have found that“newly formed pores or microfractures”as well as reducing salinity can promote SI.This article presents a systematic study of SI of shale oil reservoirs under the infuence of osmosis,which provide useful information for reservoir numerical simulation and development program design. 展开更多
关键词 Shale oil Spontaneous imbibition Osmosis Water saturation CAPILLARITY
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Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Shale Oil Reservoir Spaces in the Bohai Bay Basin 被引量:3
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作者 DENG Yuan CHEN Shiyue +1 位作者 PU Xiugang YAN Jihua 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第2期253-268,共16页
The Cenozoic continental strata of the Bohai Bay Basin are rich in shale oil resources, and they contain various types of reservoir spaces that are controlled by complex factors. Using field emission scanning electron... The Cenozoic continental strata of the Bohai Bay Basin are rich in shale oil resources, and they contain various types of reservoir spaces that are controlled by complex factors. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), automatic mineral identification and characterization system(AMICS), CO2 and N2 gas adsorption, and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM), the types of shale reservoir spaces in the Bohai Bay Basin are summarized, the spatial distribution and connectivity of the various types of pores are described in detail, the microscopic pore structures are characterized, and the key geological mechanisms affecting the formation and evolution of the reservoir spaces are determined. Three conclusions can be drawn in the present study. First, the shale reservoir spaces in the Bohai Bay Basin can be divided into three broad categories, including mineral matrix pores, organic matter pores, and micro fractures. Those spaces can be subdivided into seven categories and fourteen sub-categories based on the distribution and formation mechanisms of the pores. Second, the complex pore-throat structures of the shale reservoir can be divided into two types based on the shape of the adsorption hysteresis loop. The pore structures mainly include wedge-shaped, flat slit-shaped, and ink bottle-shaped pores. The mesopores and micropores are the main contributors to pore volume and specific surface area, respectively. The macropores provide a portion of the pore volume, but they do not significantly contribute to the specific surface area. Third, the factors controlling the development of microscopic pores in the shale are complex. The sedimentary environment determines the composition and structure of the shale and provides the material basis for pore development. Diagenesis controls the types and characteristics of the pores. In addition, the thermal evolution of the organic matter is closely related to inorganic diagenesis and drives the formation and evolution of the pores. 展开更多
关键词 RESERVOIR characteristic PORE structure controlling factor SHALE oil Bohai BAY BASIN
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Formation conditions and enrichment model of retained petroleum in lacustrine shale: A case study of the Paleogene in Huanghua depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China 被引量:8
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作者 ZHAO Xianzheng ZHOU Lihong +8 位作者 PU Xiugang JIN Fengming SHI Zhannan HAN Wenzhong JIANG Wenya HAN Guomeng ZHANG Wei WANG Hu MA Jianying 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 2020年第5期916-930,共15页
Compared with marine facies shale strata,lacustrine shale strata are more complicated in geological conditions,and thus more difficult to explore and develop.To realize economic exploration and development of lacustri... Compared with marine facies shale strata,lacustrine shale strata are more complicated in geological conditions,and thus more difficult to explore and develop.To realize economic exploration and development of lacustrine shale oil,the geological regularities of accumulation and high yield of retained movable petroleum in shale should be understood first.In this work,taking the shale strata of Kong 2 Member and Sha 3 Member in the Paleogene of Huanghua depression in the Bohai Bay Basin as examples,based on the previous joint analysis results of over ten thousand core samples and the latest oil testing,production test and geochemical data of more than 30 horizontal wells,accumulation conditions and models of retained movable petroleum in lacustrine shale were studied comprehensively.The study shows that at moderate organic matter abundance(with TOC from 2%to 4%),shale strata have the best match between oil content and brittleness,and thus are rich in oil and good in fracability.Moderate ancient lake basin size and moderate sediment supply intensity are the internal factors leading to best coupling of organic matter abundance and brittle mineral content in the shale formation.Moderate thermal evolution maturity of Ro of 0.7%–1.0%(at burial depth of 3200 to 4300 m)is the interval where oil generation from thermal evolution and oil adsorption by kerogen in shale layers match best,and retained movable petroleum is high in proportion.Moderate diagenetic evolution stage(3200 to 4300 m in the middle diagenetic stage A)is conducive to the formation of a large number of dissolved pores and organic matter pores,which provide storage space for shale oil enrichment.Moderate development degree of natural fractures(without damaging the shale oil roof and floor sealing conditions)is conducive to the storage,seepage and preservation of shale oil.The research results have overthrown the general understanding that high organic matter abundance,high maturity,and high development degree of natural fractures are conducive to shale oil enrichment,and have guided the comprehensive evaluation of shale oil and gas sweet spots and well deployment in the second member of the Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong sag and the Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag.Industrial development of the shale oil in Kong 2 Member of the Cangdong sag has made major breakthrough,and important signs of shale oil have been found in Sha 3 Member of the Qikou sag,demonstrating huge exploration potential of lacustrine shale oil. 展开更多
关键词 lacustrine shale retained hydrocarbon movable hydrocarbon shale oil enrichment model Kong 2 Member Sha 3 Member Huanghua Depression Bohai Bay Basin
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Recognition and depiction of special geologic bodies of Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone,Qikou Sag 被引量:4
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作者 陈思 王华 +6 位作者 周立宏 黄传炎 任培罡 王家豪 廖远涛 向雪梅 夏存银 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第3期898-908,共11页
The purpose of this study is to forecast the profitable oil and gas reservoir,which is the key of finding hydrocarbon,based on the conception of special geologic bodies.With the guiding methodology of the research thi... The purpose of this study is to forecast the profitable oil and gas reservoir,which is the key of finding hydrocarbon,based on the conception of special geologic bodies.With the guiding methodology of the research thinking of integration of point-line-surface by using the methods and techniques of logging,seismic,seismic attribute,and logging constrained inversion in 3D data volume,the special geologic bodies of Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone of Qikou Sag,which has important hydrocarbon exploration potential,are recognized and described under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic framework.As a result,the developed scale,geometric shape and space distribution feature of the special geologic bodies are forecasted;the inner structure and sequence structure patterns of the geologic bodies are also ascertained.From the lowstand system tract (LST) and lacustrine expanding system tract (EST) to the highstand system tract (HST),the geologic bodies have evolved from relative centralization of lake basin reducing period to three relative dispersive isolated parts of broad lake basin period.According to the relevance and regularity of the development of geologic bodies,the conclusions can be obtained that three types of potential profitable reservoir traps,including the lithologic lens traps,lithologic updip pinchout traps and structural-lithologic composite traps,are forecasted.In addition,scientific basis for further hydrocarbon exploration in new area (few-well area and no-well area) is offered in the guidance of sequence stratigraphic model. 展开更多
关键词 Qikou Sag Littoral Slope Zone Dongying Formation special geologic bodies
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Tectonic evolution and its control over deposition in fault basins: A case study of the Western Sag of the Cenozoic Liaohe Depression, eastern China 被引量:3
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作者 Zhang Zhen Bao Zhidong +2 位作者 Tong Hengmao Wang Yong Li Haowu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第3期269-281,共13页
The main petroliferous basins in eastern China are Cenozoic fault basins, most of which have experienced two-stage tectonic evolution, i.e., rifting subsidence in the Paleogene and post-rifting thermal subsidence in t... The main petroliferous basins in eastern China are Cenozoic fault basins, most of which have experienced two-stage tectonic evolution, i.e., rifting subsidence in the Paleogene and post-rifting thermal subsidence in the Neogene-Quaternary. The episodic tectonic evolution and syndepositional faulting had significant influence on the fault basins in terms of accommodation space, deposition rate, and depositional facies zones. In this study, the tectonic deformation characteristics and the tectonic-depositional evolution of the Western Sag of the Cenozoic Liaohe Depression were investigated by comprehensive analysis of the available geological and geophysical data using the modern theory of tectonic geology and the balanced section technique. The tectonic deformation of the Cenozoic fault basin was characterized by superimposed faults and depression. In addition, there existed relatively independent but still related extensional tectonic systems and strike-slip tectonic systems. The tectonic evolution of the fault basin involved five stages, i.e., initial rifting stage (E2s4), intense faulting stage (E2s3), fault-depression transition stage (E3sl2), differential uplifting stage (E3d), and depression stage (N-Q). According to the characteristics of tectonic development and evolution of the Western Sag, the depositional evolution in the Cenozoic fault basin was divided into two stages, i.e., multi-episodic rifting filling in the Paleogene and post-rifting filling in the Neogene-Quaternary. The former rifting stage was further subdivided into four episodes with different characteristics of depositional development. The episodic faulting controlled the filling process and filling pattern of the Cenozoic Western Sag as well as the development and spatial distribution of associated depositional systems, whereas the syndepositional faults that developed in multiple stages in various tectonic positions controlled the development of depositional systems and sand bodies in the Western Sag. That is, the fault terraces on steep slopes controlled the development of sand bodies, the fault terraces on gentle slopes controlled the development of low-stand fan bodies, and the fault terraces or fault troughs in the central basin controlled the development of fluxoturbidite bodies. 展开更多
关键词 Fault basin syndepositional fault tectonic evolution depositional evolution Western Sag
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Remediation of diesel oil contaminated sand by micro-emulsion 被引量:2
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作者 Yinglu Gu Shuang Chen +3 位作者 Hui'e Liu Jun Li Yutong Liu Long Wang 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第2期526-531,共6页
Micro-emulsion has unique advantages in repairing diesel oil contaminated sand due to its low interfacial tension and strong solubility.By Winsor phase diagram,it was found that with the increase of salinity,the phase... Micro-emulsion has unique advantages in repairing diesel oil contaminated sand due to its low interfacial tension and strong solubility.By Winsor phase diagram,it was found that with the increase of salinity,the phase of microemulsion transformed from WinsorⅠto WinsorⅢto WinsorⅡ.Under cryogenic electron microscope,it was observed that WinsorⅠwas O/W type,WinsorⅡwas W/O type,and WinsorⅢtype was bi-continuous type.The effect of inorganic salts,alcohol and temperature on the oil removal rate of diesel oil contaminated sand was investigated by static recovery of micro-emulsion precursor.The results showed that for the anionic microemulsion system,with the increase of salinity and alcohols,the oil yield of the upper phase increased first and then decreased,and the two components had a certain compensation effect.For non-ionic micro-emulsion system,with the increase of temperature,the oil yield in the upper phase rose first and then decreased.At the same time,the influence of leaching conditions on oil removal rate was investigated by one-dimensional sand column leaching experiment.It was found that for diesel oil contaminated sand with 15%oil content,when the formulation was 2.00 wt%SDBS,4.05 wt%n-butanol and 0.40 wt%sodium chloride,the optimum leaching conditions were leaching rate of 4 ml·min-1 and leaching amount of 400 ml.Under such conditions,the oil removal rate was up to 82.84%,that is,the oil content of the sand was reduced to 2.57%.Moreover,the micro-emulsion has good cyclicity,and it can still achieve high oil yield after six cycles. 展开更多
关键词 MICRO-EMULSION Oily SAND REMEDIATION DIESEL oil SURFACTANTS CIRCULATION
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Geological characteristics of shale rock system and shale oil exploration breakthrough in a lacustrine basin:A case study from the Paleogene 1st sub-member of Kong 2 Member in Cangdong sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China 被引量:11
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作者 ZHAO Xianzheng ZHOU Lihong +7 位作者 PU Xiugang JIN Fengming HAN Wenzhong XIAO Dunqing CHEN Shiyue SHI Zhannan ZHANG Wei YANG Fei 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 2018年第3期377-388,共12页
A deep understanding of the basic geologic characteristics of the fine-grained shale layers in the Paleogene 1 st sub-member of Kong 2 Member(Ek_2~1) in Cangdong sag, Bohai Bay Basin, is achieved through observation o... A deep understanding of the basic geologic characteristics of the fine-grained shale layers in the Paleogene 1 st sub-member of Kong 2 Member(Ek_2~1) in Cangdong sag, Bohai Bay Basin, is achieved through observation of 140 m continuous cores and systematic analysis of over 1 000 core samples from two wells. Basic geological conditions for shale oil accumulation are proposed based on the unconventional geological theory of oil and gas. The shale rock system mainly developed interbedded formation of felsic shale, calcareous and dolomitic shale and carbonates; high quality hydrocarbon source rock formed in the stable and closed environment is the material base for shale oil enrichment; intergranular pores in analcite, intercrystalline pores in dolomite and interlayer micro-fractures make tight carbonate, calcareous and dolomitic shale and felsic shale effective reservoirs, with brittle mineral content of more than 70%; high abundance laminated shale rock in the lower section of Ek_2~1 is rich in shale oil, with a total thickness of 70 m, burial depth between 2 800 to 4 200 m, an average oil saturation of 50%, a sweet spot area of 260 km^2 and predicted resources of over 5×10~8 t. Therefore, this area is a key replacement domain for oil exploration in the Kongdian Formation of the Cangdong sag. At present, the KN9 vertical well has a daily oil production of 29.6 t after fracturing with a 2 mm choke. A breakthrough of continental shale oil exploration in a lacustrine basin is expected to be achieved by volume fracturing in horizontal wells. 展开更多
关键词 SHALE oil fine grained deposits horizontal well volume FRACTURING SHALE reservoir sweet spot PALEOGENE Kongdian Formation Cangdong SAG Bohai Bay Basin
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CFD analysis and field observation of tool erosion caused by abrasive waterjet fracturing 被引量:2
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作者 Mao Sheng Zhong-Wei Huang +3 位作者 Shou-Ceng Tian Yi Zhang Shi-Wang Gao Yun-Peng Jia 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第3期701-711,共11页
Abrasive waterjet(AWJ)fracturing has become an accepted horizontal multistage stimulation technique due to its flexibility and high efficiency of extensive fracture placement.The downhole tool failure of AWJ fracturin... Abrasive waterjet(AWJ)fracturing has become an accepted horizontal multistage stimulation technique due to its flexibility and high efficiency of extensive fracture placement.The downhole tool failure of AWJ fracturing becomes an issue in the massive hydraulic fracturing because of high velocity and proppant erosion.This paper proposed a 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)-based erosion model by considering high-velocity waterjet impact,proppant shear erosion,and specific inner structure of hydra-jet tool body.The discrete phase approach was used to track the proppant transport and its concentration distribution.Field observation provides strong evidence of erosion patterns and mechanisms obtained from CFD simulation.The results show that the erosion rate has a space dependence in the inner wall of the tool body.The severe erosion areas are primarily located at the entries of the nozzle.Evident erosion patterns are found including a‘Rabbit’s ear’erosion at the upper-layer nozzles and a half bottom loop erosion at the lower-layer nozzles.Erosion mechanisms attribute to high flow velocity at the entry of nozzles and the inertia force of proppant.Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the pumping rate is a primary factor contributing to erosion intensity. 展开更多
关键词 Hydraulic fracturing EROSION Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Waterjet
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Mechanical property design method of cement sheath in a horizontal shale oil well under fracturing conditions 被引量:1
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作者 SU Donghua HUANG Sheng +5 位作者 LI Zaoyuan LI Jin XIAO Dunqing WANG Ziyu LI Juan NI Shuai 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 CSCD 2022年第4期919-928,共10页
Based on the elastoplastic model of cement sheath considering the influence of three-dimensional principal stress and the stress field model of interface crack,a mechanical performance design method of cement sheath i... Based on the elastoplastic model of cement sheath considering the influence of three-dimensional principal stress and the stress field model of interface crack,a mechanical performance design method of cement sheath is established to meet the wellbore sealing requirements during fracturing.This method takes the failure types of the cement sheath,such as tensile failure,plastic yield,interface crack propagation along interface and zigzag propagation into account.Meanwhile,the elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio quantitative design charts of cement sheath are constructed based on this method,and the safety and risk areas of wellbores are defined,which quantify the yield strength and tensile strength indexes of cement sheath.The results show that decreasing elasticity modulus,increasing yield strength and Poisson's ratio of cement sheath can avoid plastic deformation of cement sheath;increasing the tensile strength of cement sheath can prevent its tensile failure;increasing elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio of cement sheath is good for shortening the length of the interface crack,but will increase the risk of interface cracks zigzagging into cement sheath.The model calculation and case verification has proved that the method in this paper can give accurate calculation results and is convenient for field application. 展开更多
关键词 shale oil horizontal well FRACTURING cement sheath mechanical properties wellbore sealing failure type quantitative chart
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Sweet spot evaluation and exploration practice of lacustrine shale oil of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong sag, Bohai Bay Basin 被引量:1
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作者 HAN Wenzhong ZHAO Xianzheng +6 位作者 JIN Fengming PU Xiugang CHEN Shiyue MU Liangang ZHANG Wei SHI Zhannan WANG Hu 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 CSCD 2021年第4期900-910,共11页
Based on core,thin section,X-ray diffraction,rock pyrolysis,CT scanning,nuclear magnetic resonance and oil testing data,the macro and micro components,sedimentary structure characteristics,of Paleogene Kong 2 Member i... Based on core,thin section,X-ray diffraction,rock pyrolysis,CT scanning,nuclear magnetic resonance and oil testing data,the macro and micro components,sedimentary structure characteristics,of Paleogene Kong 2 Member in Cangdong sag of Huanghua depression and evaluation standard and method of shale oil reservoir were studied to sort out the best shale sections for shale oil horizontal wells.According to the dominant rock type,rhythmic structure and logging curve characteristics,four types of shale lithofacies were identified,namely,thin-layered dolomitic shale,lamellar mixed shale,lamellar felsic shale,and bedded dolomitic shale,and the Kong 21 sub-member was divided into four quasi-sequences,PS1 to PS4.The PS1 shale has a porosity higher than 6%,clay content of less than 20%,and S1 of less than 4 mg/g;the PS2 shale has well-developed laminar structure,larger pore and throat size,better connectivity of pores and throats,high contents of TOC and movable hydrocarbon,S1 of over 4 mg/g,clay content of less than 20%,and porosity of more than 4%;PS3 shale has S1 value higher than 6 mg/g and clay content of 20%-30%,and porosity of less than 4%;and PS4 shale has lower TOC content and low oil content.Shale oil reservoir classification criterion based on five parameters,free hydrocarbon content S1,shale rhythmic structure,clay content,TOC and porosity,was established.The evaluation method of shale oil sweet spot by using the weighted five parameters,and the evaluation index EI were proposed.Through comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that PS2 is best in quality and thus the dual geological and engineering sweet spot of shale oil,PS3 and PS1 come next,the former is more geologic sweet spot,the latter more engineering sweet spot,and PS4 is the poorest.Several vertical and horizontal wells drilled in the PS2 and PS3 sweet spots obtained high oil production.Among them,Well 1701 H has produced stably for 623 days,with cumulative production of over 10000 tons,showing bright exploration prospects of Kong 2 Member shale oil. 展开更多
关键词 shale lithofacies rhythmic structure weighted quantitative evaluation shale oil sweet spot shale oil evaluation criterion Cangdong sag Bohai Bay Basin PALEOGENE Kong 2 Member
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