Late cardioprotection of exercise preconditioning against exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury by up-regulatation of connexin 43 expression in rat hearts

Objective: To investigate the expression of myocardium connexin 43(Cx43) in late exercise preconditioning(LEP) cardioprotection. Methods: Eight-week-old adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups(n=8). Myocardial injury was judged in accordance with serum levels of c Tn and NT-pro BNP as well as hematoxylin basicfuchsin picric acid staining of myocardium. Cx43 m RNA was detected by in situ hybridization and qualified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Cx43 protein was localized by immunohistochemistry and its expression level was determined by western blotting. Results: The LEP obviously attenuated the myocardial ischemia/hypoxia injury caused by exhaustive exercise. There was no significant difference of Cx43 m RNA level between the four groups. Cx43 protein level was decreased significantly in group EE(P<0.05). However, LEP produced a significant increase in Cx43 protein level(P<0.05), and the decreased Cx43 protein level in exhaustive exercise was significantly up-regulated by LEP(P<0.05). Conclusions: LEP protects rat heart against exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury by up-regulating the expression of myocardial Cx43.

A novel terbium complex using oxadiazole derivative as a neutral ligand:Synthesis and properties

A novel terbium complex using 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative as a neutral ligand was synthesized and characterized. Its thermal stability and photoluminescent properties were studied. The strong emission peaked at 546 nm with a full width at half maximum of 5 nm was observed in the pure terbium complex film under excitation of 328 nm light, which is attributed to the characteristic emission of terbium ion. The good thermal stability and intense sharp emission of this terbium complex display its potential application in electroluminescence devices.

Reexamination of Sexual Dimorphism and Female Reproduction in the Many-Lined Sun Skink Eutropis multifasciata from China

We reexamined sexual dimorphism and female reproduction in the Many-Lined Sun Skink Eutropis multifasciata from Hainan,China. Our data confirm that adults are sexually dimorphic in body size and shape,with males being the larger sex and larger in head size but shorter in abdomen length than females of the same snoutvent length(SVL). The rate at which head width increased with SVL was greater in males as opposed to the previous conclusion that the rate does not differ between the sexes. Maternal size was the main determinant of reproductive investment,with larger females generally producing more,as well as larger,offspring. Females produced up to nine offspring per litter as opposed to the previously reported 2–7. Most females gave birth between March and August,a time period approximately four months longer than that(May–June) reported previously. Females with a higher fecundity tended to produce smaller offspring as opposed to the previous conclusion that females do not tradeoff offspring size against number. Litter size,neonate mass and litter mass remained remarkably constant among years,and litter mass was more tightly related to female body size than litter size or neonate mass. Smaller females could produce relatively heavier litters without a concomitant reduction in postpartum body condition.

Morphological Comparison and Composition Analysis of Wild and Farmed Eucheuma gelatinae in Hainan Province

The morphology and compositions of wild and farmed Eucheuma gelatinae in Hainan Province were compared. The results showed that wild E. gelatinae had greater frond,with more and longer branches. The main compositions of wild and farmed E. gelatinae were carbohydrates composed of dietary fiber and soluble sugars. The wild E. gelatinae had higher soluble sugar content than farmed E. gelatinae,while farmed E. gelatinae had higher dietary fiber and carrageenan yield.Both of wild and farmed E. gelatinae had advantages and disadvantages,and we could choose the best raw materials according to the actual application.

Assessment of Different Instruments and Methods for Detecting Pollution Share Rate of Heavy Metals in Water Samples

[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the impacts of different instruments and methods on detection of water samples and evaluate the detection results and pollution share rate. [ Method] Concentrations of six heavy metals in three surface water samples and three underground water samples were detected by AAS and ICP-AES to analyze the differences in detection results and calculate the pollution share rate of heavy metals. [Result] As a result, the pollution share rate of six heavy metals varied significantly. Calculation results of comprehensive pollution share rate based on the lower pollution index of the same heavy metal in the same water sample detected by two methods were different from the results using either method. Due to different detection limits of instruments, detection results of heavy metals in the same water sample were different, which affected the accuracy of environmental quality assessment. [ Conclusion ] The detected pollution share rate varies with different detection limits. Therefore, instruments and methods with lower detection limit should be used. To be specific, AAS is suitable for detection of Pb and Cd, while ICP is suitable for detection of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn.

Neutrino energy spectrum and electron capture of Nuclides^(56))Fe,^(56)Co,^(56)Ni,^(56)Mn,^(56)Cr and^(56)V in stellar interiors

Based on the shell-model Monte Carlo method and random phase approximation theory, the neutrino energy spectrum （NES） and the electron capture （EC） of ^56Fe, ^56Co, ^56Ni, ^56Mn, ^56Cr and ^56V are investigated in presupemova surroundings. The results show that the EC rates are affected greatly at different densities and temperatures. The rates increase greatly and even exceed six orders of magnitude at lower temperature. On the other hand, the NES is very sensitive to stellar temperature and electron energy. The higher the temperature and the lower the electron energy, the larger the influence on NES is. For example, the maxima of NES in the ground state are 9.02, 160, 80, 24.01, 0.44, 1.42 me c^2 for ^56Fe, ^56Co, ^56Ni, ^56Mn, ^56Cr and ^56V respectively at ρ7 = 10.7, Ye = 0.45 and T9 = 15. Furthermore, the influence on NES due to EC for different nuclei has some otherness because of different Qo-values. For example, the spectrum of ^56Co shows a double bump structure.

Reflections on Grammar and Effective Communication

Grammar constitutes the frame of a language,which a person communicating in that language no doubt needs to know about. Both grammar and communication are inseparable. Without internalized knowledge of grammar,the effectiveness to learn and to communicate in the target language may be handicapped. This paper focuses on grammar and effective communication and expounds the communicative properties of grammar from functional view.

Effect of superstrong magnetic field on electron screening at the crusts of neutron stars

The influences of electron screening （ES） and electron energy correction （EEC） are investigated by superstrong magnetic field （SMF）. We also discuss in detail the discrepant factor between our results and those of Fushiki, Gudmundsson and Pethick （FGP） in SMF. The results show that SMF has only a slight effect on ES when B 〈 10^9 T on the surfaces of most neutron stars. Whereas for some magnetars, SMF influence ES greatly when B 〉 10^9 T . For instance, due to SMF the ES potential may be increased about 23.6% and the EEC may be increased about 4 orders of magnitude at ρ/μe = 1.0 × 10^6 mol/cm^3 and T9 = 1. On the other hand, the discrepant factor shows that our results are in good agreement with FGP＇s when B 〈 10^9 T . But the difference will be increased with increasing SMF.

The Neutrino Energy Loss by Electron Capture of Nuclides ^(52,53,54,55,56)Fe in Core-Collapse Supernova

Using the shell-model Monte Carlo method and random phase approximation theory,we carry out an estimation on neutrino energy loss(NEL)of ^(52,53,54,55,56)Fe.We find the NEL rates increase greatly at some typical stellar conditions,and even exceed eight orders of magnitude.On the other hand,in order to compare our results ofλ_(SMMC)^(LJ)(which are calculated by using the SMMC method)with those ofλ_(FFN)^(LJ)(which are calculated by using the Fuller-Fowler-Newman(FFN)method),the error factor C,betweenλ_(SMMC)^(LJ) andλ_(FFN)^(LJ),is discussed and shows that at higher density and temperature,the fit is fairly good for the two results(λ_(SMMC)^(LJ) andλ_(FFN)^(LJ)),and the maximum error is~6.20%.However,the maximum error is~95.50%(e.g.53Fe)at lower density and temperature.

Nuclear energy generation rates on magnetar surfaces

Based on the new screening model, this paper discusses the influence of superstrong magnetic fields on nuclear energy generation rates on the surface of magnetars. The obtained result shows that the superstrong magnetic fields can increase the nuclear energy generation rates by many orders of magnitude. The enhancement may have a significant influence for further study of the magnetars, especially for the cooling, the x-ray luminosity observation and the evolution of the magnetars.

Impact of Soil Erosion on Rural Poverty

This article gives an overview of the general situation and regional differences of rural poverty in China, and points out that in the rural areas of central and western regions with serious soil erosion, the poverty is particularly prominent. Based on previous studies, we take agricultural GDP as the dependent variable, farmland area, agricultural labor, agricultural capital stock, irrigation area, and consumption of chemical fertilizer as the independent variables, to establish the C-D production function reflecting impact of soil erosion on rural poverty for regression analysis. The results show that farmland, labor, capital, irrigation, chemical fertilizer and other production factors have a positive effect on agricultural GDP; soil erosion has a significant negative effect on agricultural production; in western China, the total factor productivity is the lowest and soil erosion is the most serious. In order to resolve the dilemma of soil erosion and rural poverty, it is necessary to change the extensive mode of agricultural development, protect the ecological environment, and take the road of intensive development of agroecology.

Framework Construction for Planning and Design of Tropical Leisure Agricultural Park

Leisure agriculture in Hainan Province has remained in the development stage,so it is necessary to construct the framework for the planning and design of tropical leisure agricultural park.On the basis of analyzing planning conditions for the tropical leisure agricultural parks in Hainan,planning principles,overall concept,land use and functional layouts,spatial organization and landscape features,road system,comprehensive pipeline design and vertical planning,the framework for the planning and design of tropical leisure agricultural parks in Hainan is constructed.

A new study of neutrino energy loss of nuclides ^(53-60)Cr by electron capture in magnetars

Following the theory of relativity, in the presence of an ultrastrong magnetic field （UMF） and utilizing a nuclear shell model, we carry out an estimation of the neutrino energy loss （NEL） rates of nuclides ^53-60Cr, which occur by electron capture in magnetars. The results show that the NEL rates greatly increase when a UMF is present, and can even exceed nine orders of magnitude at relatively lower density and temperature （e.g. ρ7 = 5.86, Ye = 0.47, T9 = 7.33） in the range from 1013 G to 1018 G. However, the increase in rates was no more than six orders of magnitude at relatively higher density and temperature （e.g.ρ7 = 4.86 × 10^8, Ye = 0.39, T9 = 14.35）.

The neutrino energy loss by electron capture of nuclides ^(55)Co and ^(56)Ni in explosive stellar environments

Using the Shell-Model Monte Carlo method and the Random Phase Approximation theory, we carry out an estimation of neutrino energy loss （NEL） for 55Co and 56Ni by electron capture. We find that the NEL rates increase greatly at some typical stellar conditions, and can even exceed five orders of magnitude （e.g. T9 = 38.5, Ye = 0.42 for 56Ni）. On the other hand, the error factor C shows that the fit is fairly good for two results at higher density and lower temperature, and the max- imum error is - 1.2%. However, the maximum error is ,- 55.60% （e.g. T9 = 18.5, Ye = 0.45） at lower density and higher temperature.

Indoor Toxicity and Field Efficacy of Five Insecticides against Cerataphis lataniae Biosduval

[ Objective ] The paper aimed to screen out efficient and safe insecticides against Gerataphis lataniae Biosduval. [ Method ] Control effects of five insecticides against C. lataniae were studied through indoor bioassay and field trial. [ Result] Bioassay results showed that the indoor toxieities of 10% ct-cyper- methrin, 22% sulfoxaflor and 10% imidecloprid were higher, with LC50 of 15.28, 30.00 and 30.23 rag/L, respectively. In field trials, the control effects of 10% α-cypermethrin, 22% sulfoxaflor and 10% imidacloprid against C. lataniae were over 90% for all the concentrations at 10 d post adminstration. The control effect of 22% sulfoxaflor reached 100% for all the concentrations at 5 d post administration. [ Conclusion] 10% α-cypermethrin was a superior pesticide against C. /a- taniae, but 22% sulfoxaflor and 10% imidaclopfid were more efficient in emergency.

Body Size and Reproductive Tactics in Varanid lizards

Body size and female reproduction in the water adult females larger than 500 mm SVL and 32 adult males Ledong, Hainan under permit to our laboratory in Hainan monitor lizard （Varanus salvator） were studied. Forty-two larger than 400 mm SVL were donated by local people in in 2013 and 2014. The largest male and female measured 745 and 755 mm SVL, respectively. The mean SVL was greater in adult females than in adult males. Males had larger heads （head width） than females of the same SVL. The smallest reproductive female in our sample was 565 mm SVL. Females produced a single clutch of 17.1 （10-23） pliable-shelled eggs per breeding season stretching from mid-June and mid-September. Clutch size and clutch mass were all positively related to female SVL. However, there was no significant linear relationship between egg mass and female SVL. Larger females generally produced more eggs, and thus heavier clutches than did smaller ones. There was no significant linear relationship between relative clutch mass and female SVL. Phylogenetic generalized least squares （PGLS） analysis, accounting for phylogenetic relationships, showed that clutch size was positively correlated with mean maternal SVL in varanid lizards. PGLS analysis showed that phylogenetic relationships did not affect clutch （or/and egg） mass and the SVL although there were significant linear relationship between clutch （or/and egg） mass and mean maternal SVL. Therefore, we could draw some general conclusions about the body size and reproductive tactics in varanid lizards that larger females generally produced more eggs, larger eggs and thus heavier clutches than did smaller ones.

Carrier-Transporting and Blue Electroluminescence Properties of a Novel Pyrazoline Derivative

A novel compound of pyrazoline derivative,3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(1,1-dimethylethylphenyl)]-4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl 1H-Pyrazole(PYZ)has been synthesized.It has a good photoluminescence property and could give blue fluorescence.Four devices have been fabricated to study the carrier-transporting and electroluminescence properties of PYZ.The results indicate that PYZ is a good blue electroluminescent material.The emission peak is observed at 449nm and the half bandwidth is about 80nm,showing that it could emit pure blue light.As to carrier-transporting property,PYZ is found to have electron-transporting ability besides its excellent hole transporting ability.

Genetic Variation of Grey-rumped Pheasant (Torquatus group) Populations in China

The polymerase chain reaction combined with direct sequencing was employed to deduce the variety of the grey-rumped pheasant populations in China. Totally 1079 basepair sequences of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） control-region gene were analyzed from 121 grey-rumpod pheasants obtained from 13 Chinese lo- calities, 76 variable sites resulted in 91 haplotypes. These populations possessed a high level of genetic diversity, indicating that during their evolution effective population size and polymorphism were not reduced by climatic fluctuations in the Pleistocene ice ages. Phylogenetie analysis indicates that all populations were clustered into two groups, western and eastern. The degree of population differentiation presumably results from a low gene flow （ N, = 0. 33, F,, = 0. 60, P 〈 0. 001 ） between the two groups, and the divergence occurred in the years （2.1 ×10^5 - 2.2 × 105 ）. The genetic structure of grey-rumped pheasants in China ap- pears to be the result of the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the existence of Qinling Mountains and Liupan Mountains and cyclical climatic oscillations during the late Pleistocene.

Attribute Reduction in Decision Systems Based on Relation Matrix

This paper proposes,from the viewpoint of relation matrix,a new algorithm of attribute reduction for decision systems.Two new and relative reasonable indices are first defined to measure significance of the attributes in decision systems and then a heuristic algorithm of attribute reduction is formulated.Moreover,the time complexity of the algorithm is analyzed and it is proved to be complete.Some numerical experiments are also conducted to access the performance of the presented algorithm and the results demonstrate that it is not only effective but also efficient.

On the dual nature of the piano teaching in the music education in normal colleges

The piano teaching in the music education in normal universities can promote the students to feel the music, and improve the students＇ music qualities. The students can get the sense of the rhythm, the sense of harmony and the sense of pitch and other musical skills in the process of learning to play the piano, thus more accurate performing the music art. For the purpose, the piano teaching in the music education in the normal universities is for the purpose of cultivating the future piano teachers or performers. In this paper, the author carries out thediscussion with the dual nature of the piano teaching in the music education in normal colleges as the theme, in order to put forward some useful strategies for the piano teaching in eoUeges and universities.