Correlation between critical thinking and emotional intelligence:a national crosssectional study on operating room nursing students in Iran

Objective:According to the World Federation of Medical Education,critical thinking should be part of the training of medical and paramedical students.Professionals can improve the quality of care of patients after surgery by having or acquiring this skill in health care.Also,Emotional intelligence is introduced as an impor tant and effective factor on the professional performance and mental health of healthcare professionals.Thus,the present study was designed and implemented to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking among operating room nursing students of medical sciences universities in Iran.Methods:This cross-sectional study was done on 420 operating room students in 10 top medical sciences universities of Iran in 2022.The sampling method in this research was multistage sampling.The data collection instruments included demographic characteristics,Rickett's critical thinking,and Bradberry-Greaves'emotional intelligence questionnaires.After receiving the ethics code,data collection was done for 2 months.For data analysis,descriptive and inferential analyses including independent t-tests,analysis of variance,and Pearson correlation were used.The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 18(IBM Corporation,Armonk,New York,United States).P-value<0.05 was considered significant.Results:The mean age of the students participating in this study was 23.02±3.70 years,with women constituting 67.4%of them.The results of data analysis indicated that the mean total score of critical thinking and emotional intelligence was 124.10±37.52 and 114.12±43.63,respectively.A direct significant correlation between critical thinking and emotional intelligence(r=0.459,P-value<0.001)and a significant relationship between gender and emotional intelligence(P-value=0.028)were found.Conclusions:Based on the present study results,educational managers in the Ministry of Health are suggested to consider suitable educational programs for improving critical thinking and emotional intelligence to enhance the quality of care provided by students in operating rooms.

Enhancing Patient Safety in the Operating Room: A Comprehensive Guide from a Nurse’s Perspective

Ensuring patient safety within the operating room is a paramount concern in contemporary healthcare, and this guide aims to provide an in-depth exploration of this crucial aspect from the perspective of nurses. Nurses play a pivotal role in supporting surgeons and maintaining a safe environment for patients undergoing various medical procedures.

From Knowledge Transfer to Capability Development:The Future of PBL+CBL Teaching Method in Operating Room Nursing Education

Concomitant with the advancement of contemporary medical technology,the significance of perioperative nursing has been increasingly accentuated,necessitating elevated standards for the pedagogy of perioperative nursing.Presently,the PBL(problem-based learning)pedagogical approach,when integrated with CBL(case-based learning),has garnered considerable interest.An extensive literature review has been conducted to analyze the application of the PBL-CBL fusion in the education of perioperative nursing.Findings indicate that this integrative teaching methodology not only enhances students’theoretical knowledge,practical competencies,and collaborative skills but also contributes to the elevation of teaching quality.In conclusion,the PBL-CBL teaching approach holds immense potential for broader application in perioperative nursing education.Nevertheless,it is imperative to continually refine this combined pedagogical strategy to further enhance the caliber of perioperative nursing instruction and to cultivate a greater number of exceptional nursing professionals in the operating room setting.

Effect of simulating training of the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery on the attitude of operating room nurses students:an intervention study

Objective:Clinical education plays a key role in preparing students for patient care.Laparoscopy is one of the most important minimally invasive surgeries(MISs)wherein surgical technologists are responsible for camera navigation and assistant surgeons are responsible for peg transfer.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the attitude of the operating room students toward these skills during their study period.The present study was conducted to determine the effect of simulating training in the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery(FLS)on the attitude of the operating room students.Methods:This interventional study was conducted on 28 operating room students of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2019.The census sampling method was used.The data-collection tool included the“Intrinsic motivation inventory(IMI)questionnaire.”The educational intervention was carried out in theoretical(booklet design)and practical(simulation)sections.Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential analyses including the paired t-test,Mann–Whitney U test,and independent t-test.The collected data were analyzed using R and SPSS software.P-value<0.05 was considered as the significant level.Results:The mean±SD of the participants'age was 22.93±2.14 years,and the majority of them were women(67.9%).There was a significant difference in the mean scores of students'attitudes toward the FLS before and after the educational intervention(P<0.001)in all dimensions(interest,perceived competence,perceived choice,and tension).There was also a significant correlation between gender and interest dimension(P=0.005).Conclusions:The results of the present study showed that simulating the training FLS curriculum positively affects students'attitudes.Therefore,the researchers suggest that for creating a positive attitude,increasing students'interest in laparoscopic surgery,and ensuring a more effective presence in the operating room,this training should be considered in the operating room curriculum.

Influence of humanistic care-based operating room nursing on safety,recovery,and satisfaction after radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma

BACKGROUND Radical surgery is a preferred treatment for colorectal carcinoma,wherein nursing intervention is essential for postoperative recovery and prevention of complications.Recently,the application of humanistic care in medical care has attracted attention.Humanistic care emphasizes comprehensive care,with importance attached to patients’physical needs as well as psychological and emotional support to provide more humane and personalized care services.However,no clinical reports have examined the use of humanistic care in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma.AIM To investigate the influence of humanistic care-based operating room nursing on the safety,postoperative recovery,and nursing satisfaction of patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma.METHODS In total,120 patients with rectal cancer who underwent surgery in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between August 2023 and March 2024 were selected and grouped based on the nursing methods employed.Of these patients,55 were treated with routine nursing intervention(control group)and 65 were provided humanistic care-based operating room nursing(research group).The patients’vital signs were recorded,including systolic/diastolic blood pressure(SBP/DBP)and heart beats per minute(BPM),as well as serum stress indices,including norepinephrine(NE),adrenal hormone(AD),and cortisol(Cor).Postoperative recovery and complications were also recorded.Patients’negative emotions,life hope,and nursing satisfaction were evaluated using the Self-rating Depression/Anxiety Scale(SDS/SAS),Herth Hope Index(HHI),and self-deve-loped nursing satisfaction questionnaire,respectively.RESULTS During emergence from anesthesia,SBP,DBP,and BPM levels were found to be lower in the research group than those in the control group,also serum Cor,AD,and NE levels were lower.In addition,the research group had shorter operative,awakening,anal exhaust,first postoperative ambulation,drainage tube removal,intestinal recovery,and hospital times.The total complication rate and the SDS and SAS scores were lower in the research group than those in the control group.The HHI and nursing satisfaction scores were higher in the research group.CONCLUSION Humanistic care-based operating room nursing can mitigate physiological stress responses,reduce postoperative complications,promote postoperative recovery,relieve adverse psychological emotions,and enhance life hope and nursing satisfaction in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma,which can be popularized in clinical practice.

Combination of comprehensive thermal care and detail-oriented nursing care in the operating room for managing gestational diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND As the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)increases,its impact on cesarean sections has attracted widespread attention.Omni-directional,insulated care and detailed care are of great significance in this patient population,as they can effectively improve the quality of care in the operating room.AIM To explore the effect of the integrated use of comprehensive thermal insulation.METHODS Women with GDM who underwent cesarean sections at our hospital between April 2023 and February 2024 were included in this retrospective study.The participants were randomly allocated to two groups:The observation and control groups.An all-around thermal insulation nursing strategy,including preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative temperature maintenance,was adopted.In addition,detailed nursing care measures,such as blood glucose monitoring,wound care,and psychological counseling,were implemented in the observation group.RESULTS Comparative observation revealed that all-around thermal insulation care can effectively prevent the incidence of maternal hypothermia caused by surgery,reduce the risk of infection,and promote blood circulation.The implementation of detailed care improved maternal satisfaction and reduced the incidence of complications via the appropriate management of fluctuations in the blood glucose levels and optimization of the nursing process before and after surgery according to the patient's characteristics.CONCLUSION The application of a combination of comprehensive thermal insulation and detailed nursing care improved the overall quality of perioperative care.

Clinical Comparison of Airway Stent Placement in Intervention Room and Operating Room

Background and objective Airway stent placement is the effective regimen for central airway obstruction(CAO),while its application scenarios varied.This study aimed to make clinical comparison of airway stent placement in the intervention room and operating room.Methods Patients underwent airway stent placement between 2014 and 2018 were included in this retrospective case-control study.Clinical performance of airway stent placement in intervention room and operating room were compared.Results 82 patients were included in this study,including 39 in the intervention room and 43 in the operating room.Patients treated in the intervention room had lower Charlson comorbidity index(CCI)(P=0.018)and received less Y-shaped stents(P<0.001).Better clinical response(P=0.026),more stents placed(P<0.001)and longer length of stent(P<0.001)were observed in operating room,while there was no significantly statistical difference of stent-related complications and post-stent survival rate between the two groups.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)supported airway stent placement procedures were performed in the operating room,which provided definitive safety support for high-risk intervention.Conclusion Patients with CAO could benefit from the operating room scenario,and airway stent placement in the operating room is more suitable for patients with higher CCI scores and receiving more complicated procedures.

Analysis of the Influence of Operating Room Nursing Care Management on the Incidence Rate of Nosocomial Infection in Orthopedic Surgery Patients

Objective:To analysis the influence of operating room nursing care management on the incidence rate of nosocomial infection in orthopedic surgery patients.Methodology:Fifty six orthopedic surgery patients who admitted into the hospital between January to December 2018 were enrolled into this study and randomly divided into two groups,which were the control group(under general management)and the observation group(under the operating room nursing care management).Further,the incidence rate of nosocomial infections,the incidence rate of irregular nursing care phenomena,the satisfaction score of nursing care management,and the quality of life score were observed and recorded.Result:The incidence rate of nosocomial infection,the incidence rate of irregular nursing care management,the satisfaction score of nursing care management,and the quality of life score of the observation group were compared to that of the control group,and the result showed P<0.05,indicates the statistical significance between the data indicators.Conclusion:The use of operating room nursing care management in patients with orthopedic surgery has shown a significant effect.

Operating room nurses’lived experiences of ethical codes:A phenomenological study in Iran

Objective:Operating room nurses,as essential members of health care teams,often face ethical challenges in the operating room.By using the ethical experiences of operating room nurses,a better understanding of ethics in the operating room can be achieved,which can lead to better nursing decisions in the face of these challenges.Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate operating room nurses’lived experiences of ethical codes.Methods:A hermeneutic phenomenological study was performed in Hamadan(Iran)from February 2019 to November 2020.Ten operating room nurses were selected as participants by purposive sampling.Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews.Data analysis was performed based on Van Manen methodology.Results:Data analysis revealed three main themes and 11 sub-themes representing the operating room nurses experience of the ethical code.The main themes were;adherence to professional commitments,preserving patient dignity,and respect to colleagues.Conclusion:The results underlined ethics and ethical values in the operating room.Due to the intense interactions between operating room nurses with the patient and surgical team,commitment to ethics by nurses can lead to improving quality of care and interactions among members of the surgical team.It is suggested that using these codes as a guideline and a framework could be developed to improve the ethical and professional performance of operating room nurses.

Intervention effect of encouraging mental and programmed nursing of patients in interventional operating room on their compliance and bad moods

BACKGROUND Patients’lack of correct understanding of cardiovascular disease and interventional therapy is often accompanied by varying degrees of fear,depression and anxiety.Negative emotion will affect the hemodynamic fluctuation of patients undergoing interventional surgery,which is not conducive to the smooth and safe operation of interventional surgery.Therefore,it is very important to implement effective nursing intervention in the operating room.AIM To explore the intervention effect of motivational psychological nursing combined with programmed nursing on compliance and bad mood of patients in interventional operating room.METHODS A total of 98 patients in the interventional operating room of our hospital from October 2019 to March 2021 were randomly divided into study group(n=49)and control group(n=49).The control group took routine nursing.However,the study group took motivational psychological nursing combined with procedural nursing on the basis of the control group.Statistics were made on rehabilitation compliance,Positive and Negative Affect Schedule of bad mood,Simplified Coping Styles Questionnaire score of coping style and satisfaction of intervention between the two groups before and after intervention.RESULTS The rehabilitation compliance of the study group(95.92%)was higher than that of the control group(81.63%)(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of upset,fear,irritability,tension and fear in the study group were respectively,which were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the score of positive coping in the study group was higher than that in the control group.However,the score of negative coping in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The intervention satisfaction of the study group(93.88%)was higher than that of the control group(79.59%)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The intervention of motivational psychological nursing combined with procedural nursing can improve the rehabilitation compliance,and alleviate the bad mood.In addition,it can change their coping style to the disease,and the patients are more satisfied with the nursing work.

Potential effects of the nursing work environment on the work-family conflict in operating room nurses

BACKGROUND The nursing working environment is an important subsystem in the hospital environment.A good working environment could have a positive impact on nurses.However,the work-family conflict and unsatisfactory working environment could significantly reduce their working enthusiasm,efficacy as well as the overall quality of the nursing,increase their fatigue,and thereby compromise their career status.AIM To explore the possible status quo and to analyze the correlation between work environment perception and the work-family conflict among nurses in the operating room.METHODS A total of 312 operating room nurses from two first-class hospitals at Grade 2 and two first-class hospitals at Grade 3 in China from May to September 2017 were included in this research using the cluster sampling method.The data,including the general information questionnaire,the practice environment scale of the nursing work index(PES-NWI),and the work-family conflict scale,were systematically collected.Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the two scores,with influencing factors analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis.RESULTS A total of 312 questionnaires were issued,and the response rate and effective questionnaire rate were both 96.15%(300/312).The total scores of the PES-NWI scale and the work-family conflict scale were 3.07±0.43(vs maximum up to 4 points)and 52.32±8.79(vs maximum up to 90 points),respectively.The scores of the PES-NWI scale were negatively correlated with that of work-family conflict scale(all P<0.05).The perception of the nursing work environment and the number of night shifts per month were the major factors contributing to the workfamily conflict(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The nursing work environment and the work-family conflict among nurses in the operating room were both found at a medium level with a negative correlation between the two.

Effect of Nursing Intervention in Operating Room for Patients with Gastric Cancer during Anesthesia Recovery Period

Objective: To analyze the effect of nursing intervention in operating room for gastric cancer patients in anesthesia recovery period. Methods: From June 2021 to December 2021, 78 patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery in our hospital were selected for research. Combined with the random number table method, they were divided into the control group (providing routine nursing care in operating room) and the observation group (providing nursing intervention in operating room) with 39 patients in each group respectively. The body temperature of the two groups during operation, during abdominal closure and after operation, the time of leaving anesthesia room, extubation, postoperative wakefulness and hospitalization, degree of satisfaction with nursing work was compared. Results: Compared with the control group, the body temperature in the observation group tended to be more normal during operation, during abdominal closure and after operation (P 0.05). The time of leaving anesthesia room, extubation, postoperative wakefulness and hospitalization in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P 0.05). The satisfaction degree of the observation group with nursing work was higher than that of the control group (P 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing intervention in operating room is effective for gastric cancer patients in anesthesia recovery period, which can maintain their perioperative temperature stability, promote their postoperative recovery and enhance their satisfaction with nursing work. It is worth adopting.

Construction and application of standardized training effect evaluation system for new nurses in operating room

Background:This study aims to develop and validate a Structured Training Effectiveness Evaluation(STEE)tool based on the Kirkpatrick model for newly graduated registered nurses in the operating room in China.Methods:The first phase will involve focus group and individual interviews with nursing educators and newly graduated registered nurses selected using purposive sampling.The data will be analyzed thematically to identify key components necessary to develop the STEE tool.The second phase will develop and validate the STEE tool through a panel of experts using the Delphi method.The item weights will be determined with the analytic hierarchy process technique.The third phase will involve implementation and evaluation of the STEE tool with an exploratory,nonexperimental,and comparative analysis.Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses will be performed with SPSS version 23.Results:The STEE tool for newly graduated registered nurses in the operating room will be useful for evaluating training effectiveness during standardized training.The results obtained with this tool will clarify the effectiveness of training,thereby helping transform nursing students into competent nurses.Conclusion:In this way,this study will provide practical guidance for improving standardized training programs and help newly graduated nurses manage their transition to the clinical work environment and remain in their posts.

格鲁吉亚ROOMS酒店

Rooms旅馆位于神奇的高加索山脉，前身为苏联时期的旅游中心．多山的地貌环境和遗留的现存结构．都被设计师考虑进旅馆的内外部设计之中。因此，从外部一定距离和角度观察建筑物时．可以发现屋顶的设计是与“山顶”相呼应的。外立面以木制和金属两种不同材料对房间和阳台做了垂直和水平的划分，赋予整个建筑一种简单几何学的美感。此建筑物在有机地配合户外自然环境的同时．又为景观增添了一道新的风景线。

新生儿出生后置于不同体位擦干的效果研究

目的探讨新生儿出生后以不同体位置于母体腹部擦干对新生儿结局的影响。方法采取前瞻性类实验设计,将2024年3-4月自然分娩的足月新生儿356例分为三组:仰卧位组132例,在新生儿出生后立即仰卧置于母亲腹部擦干;侧卧位组108例,在新生儿出生后立即左/右侧卧置于母亲腹部擦干;俯卧位组116例,在新生儿出生后立即俯卧(头偏向一侧)置于母亲腹部擦干。三组出生后均不常规口鼻咽吸引。比较三组新生儿擦干时间、呛咳次数、必要时吸引率、新生儿复苏率、Apgar评分和转入NICU或新生儿病房率。结果三组呛咳次数、必要时吸引率、新生儿复苏率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);其中,仰卧位组新生儿呛咳次数、必要时吸引率、复苏率显著高于侧卧、俯卧位组(均P<0.05);侧卧位组与俯卧位组新生儿各指标比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论新生儿出生后立即以侧卧、俯卧位相较于仰卧位置于母亲腹部擦干,有利于减少呛咳次数,降低必要时吸引率和分娩时新生儿复苏率。

术前MSCT对胫骨平台骨折伴半月板损伤的诊断价值

目的探讨术前多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(MSCT)对胫骨平台骨折伴半月板损伤的诊断价值。方法回顾2017年1月至2022年12月聊城市第二人民医院收治的83例行胫骨平台骨折内固定术治疗病人的临床资料,术前均接受MSCT检查,以术中骨折复位内固定后即刻关节镜下所见有无发生半月板损伤为金标准分为半月板损伤组和无半月板损伤组。比较两组病人基线资料及MSCT参数,绘制受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析MSCT参数对复杂胫骨平台骨折伴半月板损伤的诊断价值。结果83例胫骨平台骨折病人发生半月板损伤共39例(46.99%),Ⅳ型半月板损伤发生率为18.75%(3/16),低于Ⅱ型的59.52%(25/42)(P<0.05)。半月板损伤组中SchatzkerⅡ型占比高于无半月板损伤组,SchatzkerⅣ型占比及术前MSCT检测骨折切线至塌陷最低点距离、外侧髁切线至骨折块远端距离、塌陷相对面积高于低于无半月板损伤组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,骨折切线至塌陷最低点距离、外侧髁切线至骨折块远端距离、塌陷相对面积单独及联合应用诊断胫骨平台骨折伴半月板损伤的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)(95%CI)为0.64(0.56,0.72)、0.70(0.62,0.78)、0.76(0.67,0.83)、0.89(0.83,0.94),联合应用的诊断价值高于单独应用(P<0.05)。结论术前MSCT测量胫骨平台骨折外侧髁切线至骨折块远端距离、塌陷相对面积等参数对半月板损伤的诊断有重要参考价值。

动态对比增强磁共振成像参数诊断结直肠癌术前TN分期的价值

目的:探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)参数诊断结直肠癌术前TN分期的价值。方法:对我院2021年5月—2023年5月80例结直肠癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,患者均行常规MRI及DCE-MRI扫描检查,以病理学诊断结果为金标准,比较不同TN分期患者DCE-MRI参数(容量转移常数(K^(trans))、速率常数(K_(ep))、血管外/细胞外间隙容积分数(V_(e))),采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析DCE-MRI参数对TN分期的诊断价值,采用相关性系数分析DCE-MRI参数与结直肠癌患者TN分期的相关性。结果:病理学诊断结果显示,80例结直肠癌患者中,T1期27例、T2期21例、T3期17例、T4期15例;N0期41例、N1期21例、N2期18例;不同T分期结直肠癌患者K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)联合诊断结直肠癌患者T1-2及T3-4的AUC为0.896,高于三者单独诊断的0.783、0.774、0.718(P<0.05);不同N分期结直肠癌患者K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)联合诊断结直肠癌患者N0及N1-2的AUC为0.918,高于三者单独诊断的0.817、0.763、0.779(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析结果显示,K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)与结直肠癌患者TN分期呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:DCE-MRI参数对结直肠癌术前TN分期具有较高的诊断价值,可为临床制定治疗方案提供依据。

手术室快速反应小组建设和使用对急诊外科腹腔手术诊疗效率的影响

目的 探讨手术室快速反应小组(RRT)的建设和使用对腹腔手术诊疗效率的影响。方法 采用前后对照观察性研究,选择119例2020年1月-2022年12月在江苏省人民医院进行腹腔手术的患者为研究对象,对照组为62例成立RRT前急诊外科接受腹腔手术治疗的患者,干预组为57例成立RRT后急诊外科接受腹腔手术治疗的患者。收集患者一般资料,主要指标为RRT成立前后术前准备时间、手术时间、术中出血量、病死率、住院患者心脏骤停发生率及抢救成功率、24 h内非计划性转入重症监护病房(ICU)比例等;次要指标为术后并发症发生率、术后住院时间、住院费用、术后镇痛药物使用量、术后患者满意度等。结果 两组患者的一般资料和手术相关资料均无统计学差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。干预组的术前准备时间、病死率、24 h内非计划性转入ICU比例、术后住院时间和住院费用等主要项目均低于对照组,术后患者满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 手术室RRT的建设和使用对提高腹腔手术诊疗效率有积极的作用,可以降低患者的病死率和转入ICU的比例,提高患者的生存质量和满意度。

低温等离子体技术对结晶紫废水的脱色效能及影响因素研究

目的探索新型低温等离子体(low temperature plasma,LTP)对结晶紫(crystal violet,CV)模拟废水的脱色效能及关键影响因素。方法利用氩气大气压等离子体射流产生LTP,以CV为目标污染物,通过调整处理体积、初始pH值、NaCl浓度、Fe^(2+)等参数,评估LTP处理前后CV溶液的吸光度(A_(590))和化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)的变化,并监测液相中活性粒子的动态变化。结果与对照组相比,LTP处理组的A_(590)和COD值均显著降低(P<0.05)。在处理时间为180 s时,CV溶液脱色率和COD去除率分别达到62.34%和50.22%。在相同处理时间(>90 s)时,0.1 mol/L的NaCl组、pH=9或11组及Fe^(2+)组CV溶液的A_(590)均低于LTP单独处理组,而添加正丁醇组则高于LTP单独处理组(P<0.05);处理体积为2、3 mL组CV溶液的A_(590)高于1 mL组(P<0.05)。LTP作用相同时间,与CV溶液相比,活化水中的H_(2)O_(2)含量较高,而NO_(3)^(-)含量较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论LTP对CV溶液具有高效的脱色能力。NaCl和Fe^(2+)的加入以及提高CV溶液pH均有利于脱色,而增大处理体积或添加正丁醇则会对脱色产生不利影响。在脱色过程中,LTP产生的·OH和H_(2)O_(2)发挥了重要作用。

医疗机构药品风险管理认知与现状调研

目的了解我国医疗机构药学人员在药品使用过程中对药品风险管理工作的认知和现状,为促进医疗机构药品风险管理体系的完善与发展提供经验和建议。方法采用问卷调查法,面向全国28个省(区、市),采用分层随机抽样,以全国医疗机构的医务工作者、医疗相关药学从业人员群体为研究对象,调查内容包括调查人群信息,医疗机构药品风险管理实施现状,药品风险管理相关概念的认知、含义与流程,医疗机构药品风险管理工作内容及模式;最后,收集完善医疗机构药品风险管理体系建设的建议。采用描述性统计分析对所得数据进行汇总。结果本次调研共回收问卷446份,其中有效问卷420份,无效问卷26份,问卷回收率为100%,有效率为94.17%。51.19%的参研人员对医疗机构药品风险管理认知来源于《药品不良反应报告和监测管理办法》;87.38%的参研人员支持医疗机构药品风险管理的管理范围包括药品使用的全流程。63.33%的参研人员表示自己所在医疗机构设立了医疗机构药品风险管理相关岗位,其中三级甲等及以上医疗机构占比最高(72.17%)。66.43%的参研人员反馈在药品使用全部环节均进行药品风险管理。参研人员针对医疗机构药品风险管理体系发展的建议重点集中在完善制度指导性文件、明确概念内涵、建立信息共享机制等方面。结论目前我国医疗机构药品风险管理总体认知水平较高,其工作正在多环节、多形式地实施开展,但仍需加强相关制度文件、管理规范和体系建设,进一步完善信息共享机制,促进风险管理的社会共治和协作,提高药品管理水平,保障患者用药安全。