Study on the Impacts of Tourism Development in Letong Ancient Town:A Resident Perception-Based Approach

Residents constitute the principal elements of regional tourism deveopment,and their behavioral cognition will play a certain role in promoting local tourism development.In recent years,although tourism along the Sichuan-Tibet Line(318 and 317 routes)has made some progress,there are some problems,such as homogenization of products,a single local culture,and inconspicuous brand characteristics.At the same time,due to the remote geographical location,living conditions,health conditions,and other imperfections,resulting in greater constraints on tourism development.This article employs Letong Ancient Town as a representative case study,and discusses the impact of tourism development on the local economy,environment,society,and culture from the perspective of residents’perception through field research and data analysis,thereby providing a reference for regional tourism development.

Research on Partner Selection in Enterprise Innovation Ecosystem

In the face of fierce market competition,enterprises must ensure the competitiveness of their products or services through technological innovation.However,the complexity of technology often surpasses the capabilities of individual enterprises,leading them to deepen cooperation with other organizations.The entities within the enterprise innovation ecosystem depend on each other,collaborate closely,and rely on core enterprises to integrate resources,thereby creating system value and enhancing competitiveness.The purpose of this paper is to explore the process of selecting appropriate ecosystem partners.It begins by providing an overview of relevant concepts,characteristics,selection factors,and methods.Subsequently,it analyzes the roles,resources,and synergy evolution of the entities within the ecosystem.An evaluation system encompassing operation,core,synergy,and development capability is then established.This system comprises 16 indicators,including organization scale and reputation,and is accompanied by a hierarchical evaluation model.Finally,the validity of the evaluation system is confirmed through empirical analysis,utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

Effects of the degree of oral processing on the properties of saliva-participating emulsions:using stewed pork with brown sauce as the model

This work investigated the changes in properties of saliva-participating emulsions during different oral processing stages(the whole process from intake to swallowing was divided into five stages,i.e.,20%,40%,60%,80%and 100%stage).The stewed pork with brown sauce was masticated and the emulsion was collected for the determination of emulsion stability,droplet size,ζ-potential,interfacial tension,and microstructure.The results showed that the emulsion stability increased gradually during the oral processing and reached the highest level near the swallowing point.The droplet size of emulsion showed a significant downward trend(P<0.05).Microstructure observations also found different degrees of reduction in fat droplets size at different stages of oral processing.In addition,theζ-potential of food boluses emulsion was decreased from-16.4 mV to-41.2 mV and the interfacial tension decreased by 52.6%before and after oral progressing.In conclusion,the oral processing of stewed pork with brown sauce was essentially a process in which fat was constantly emulsified,and saliva might act as an emulsifier.This study provides new insights on understanding the oral processing process and sensory changes of fat.

The Territorial Human-Environment Relationship System:Exploring the Spatial Development of the“Three Spaces”in Mountain Outdoor Tourism Destinations

In the relationship between humans and the environment,all human activities depend on the geographical environment,which serves as the spatial place and material foundation for human life.This study provides a perspective on the human-environment relationship,using a case study of the Dashanbao Mountainous Outdoor Tourism Planning Area in Zhaotong,Yunnan.This study employed methods such as literature review,on-site investigation,and GIS spatial analysis to analyze the functional characteristics of the regional subject,spatial structuring,and spatiotemporally variable ordered processes of Dashanbao as a tourism destination from the perspective of human-environment relationships.The results indicate that under the guidance of the human-environment relationship system philosophy,the construction path of the“ecological space,production space,and living space”includes three main aspects:(1)The formation of five major project blocks and five functional zones to meet the diverse needs of different groups;(2)The establishment of a"multi-core module"structure optimizing the spatial layout of the tourism destination;and(3)With the changes in space and time,the convergence of elements in each block can form a composite mountainous outdoor tourism space with the characteristics of“ecology,life,and production”.The results of this study provide a scientific basis for promoting the sustainable development of tourism regional systems with mountainous characteristics.

Study on Design of Interplex Method for GNSS Signal

In order to satisfy sending multi-channel navigation signals in one frequency for modern GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）, the principle of Interplex multiplexing were introduced. And the three-way multiplexing structure and the four-way multiplexing method were also optimized. The Galileo E1 signal, as the example of Interplex reuse, was analyzed in detail. The power configuration of the multiplexing efficiency and the minimum of the multiplexing efficiency were obtained.

Identification and functional analysis of miRNAs in developing kernels of a viviparous mutant in maize

Given the important roles of miRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation, identification of differentially expressed miRNAs will facilitate the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying kernel development. In this study, we constructed a small RNA library to comprehensively represent the full complement of individual small RNAs and to characterize miRNA expression profiles in pooled ears of maize(Zea mays L.) at 10, 15,20, 22, 25 and 30 days after pollination(DAP). At least 21 miRNAs were differentially expressed. The differential expression of three of these miRNAs, i.e., miR528a, miR167a and miR160b, at each stage was verified by qRT-PCR. The results indicated that these miRNAs might be involved in kernel development. In addition, the predicted functions of target genes indicated that most of the target genes are involved in signal transduction and cell communication pathways, particularly the auxin signaling pathway. The expression of candidate germination-associated miRNAs was analyzed by hybridization to a maize genome microarray, and revealed differential expression of genes involved in plant hormone signaling pathways. This finding suggests that phytohormones play a critical role in the development of maize kernels. We found that in combination with other miRNAs, miR528a regulated a putative laccase, a Ring-H2 zinc finger protein and a MADS box-like protein, whereas miR167a and miR160b regulated multiple target genes,including ARF(auxin response factor), a member of the B3 transcription factor family. All three miRNAs are important for ear germination, development and physiology. The small RNA transcriptomes and mRNA obtained in this study will help us gain a betterunderstanding of the expression and function of small RNAs in the development of maize kernel.

Optimization of Making Process for Whole Fish Frying Using a Universal Oven

[Objectives]To study the effects of different temperature,time and humidity on the sensory quality of fish meat,and to determine the optimal process parameters for whole fish frying of Sichuan-style dry-roasted fish using a universal oven.[Methods]The effects of different heating temperature,time and humidity on the sensory quality of whole fish frying were analyzed by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.[Results]In the whole fish frying process of the universal oven,the optimal parameters in the first stage steaming mode was as follows:215℃for temperature,15%for humidity,and 10 min for time;the optimal parameters in the second baking mode was as follows:250℃for temperature,70%for humidity,and 5 min for time.[Conclusions]Different from the traditional whole fish frying of Sichuan-style dry roasted fish,universal oven is greatly optimized in convenience,safety and environmental protection.Besides,the use of oil is reduced,and the cost is well controlled,thus it is conducive to mass production in the later period.

Discussion on the Role of Geographical Indications in Promoting the Development of Tea Industry in Chengdu

Sichuan Province is a major agricultural province in the west,and its tea industry has always been well-known throughout China.As an important tea producing area in Sichuan,Chengdu,through the guidance and support of the government,the active action of functional departments,brand promotion,and industrial operation and development,Chengdu has given play to the role of geographical indications in boosting the development of the industry.This paper focused on the significance of the research on the role of geographical indications in promoting the development of the tea industry in Chengdu,the research status and evaluation at home and abroad,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the research on the promotion of the development of the tea industry in Chengdu by geographical indications.

British Tourists' Views on English Menus in Chinese Restaurants and their Implication for Menu Translation

This paper employs a questionnaire to investigate whether tourists to China find the menus in Chinese restaurants satisfactory and what might hinder their understanding of the menus. The findings based on the questionnaire responses suggest that tourists pay more attention to dish descriptions than dish names and lack of description tend to pose the greatest difficulty in their choice-making process. It is also found that diners will not be bothered by occasional appearance of foreign languages and expect to see some highly technical words on the menu. Therefore, menu translations should attach more importance to descriptions and could sometimes resort to Pinyin, a phonetic transcription system for Chinese characters, to solve the non-translatability of some terms.

Global English Usage and Linguistic Imperialism

English spreading from a tiny scale to a global dimension, allowing countries and citizens to participate fully in global prosperity. English gradually becomes dominant in educational, political, economic and cultural aspects. Regarding the dominance of English as a neutral international language, rather than the evidence of linguistic imperialism can be controversial.

Eco-discourse Analysis within the Framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics

Ecolinguistics has become an important field on a worldwide scale,within the systemic functional framework,the data collected from British Broadcasting Corporation concerning about natural environment is analyzed from 3 aspects:lexical level,morphology and transitivity,in order to enhance people’s ecological awareness and their responsibility for nature.

The Distinction of the Major Design Principles of Planning Systems and How They Potentially Impact Planning Outcomes

This paper addresses how different urban planning systems play their role in the development of cities,and how this directly affects the role and status of urban planning in social construction,and how to determine the social awareness of urban planning.By contrasting and defining the challenges and advantages of the regulatory,discretionary and hybrid urban planning systems,as well as examining the potential possibilities of each system,which system is more effective will become apparent.Therefore,planning and policy implementation can be more extensive and special.At the same time,a sound planning system can form relevant information feedback to propose amendments and adjustment methods for the city's planning content and policy and planning operation,which comply with the objective requirements of urban development.

Machine learning noise exposure detection of rail transit drivers using heart rate variability

Previous studies have found that drivers’physiological conditions can deteriorate under noise conditions,which poses a potential hazard when driving.As a result,it is crucial to identify the status of drivers when exposed to different noises.However,such explo-rations are rarely discussed with short-term physiological indicators,especially for rail transit drivers.In this study,an experiment involving 42 railway transit drivers was conducted with a driving simulator to assess the impact of noise on drivers’physiological responses.Considering the individuals’heterogeneity,this study introduced drivers’noise annoyance to measure their self-noise-adaption.The variances of drivers’heart rate variability(HRV)along with different noise adaptions are explored when exposed to different noise conditions.Several machine learning approaches(support vector machine,K-nearest neighbour and random forest)were then used to classify their physiological status under different noise conditions according to the HRV and drivers’self-noise adaptions.Results indicate that the volume of traffic noise negatively affects drivers’performance in their routines.Drivers with different noise adaptions but exposed to a fixed noise were found with discrepant HRV,demonstrating that noise adaption is highly associated with drivers’physiological status under noises.It is also found that noise adaption inclusion could raise the accuracy of classifications.Overall,the random forests classifier performed the best in identifying the physiological status when exposed to noise conditions for drivers with different noise adaptions.

On Deep Holes of Projective Reed-Solomon Codes over Finite Fields with Even Characteristic

Projective Reed-Solomon code is an important class of maximal distance separable codes in reliable communication and deep holes play important roles in its decoding.In this paper,we obtain two classes of deep holes of projective Reed-Solomon codes over finite fields with even characteristic.That is,let F_(q) be finite field with even characteristic,k∈{2,q-2},and let u(x)be the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of the first q components of the received vector u∈F_(q)+1 q Suppose that the(q+1)-th component of u is 0,and u(x)=λx^(k)+f_(≤k-2)(x),λx^(q-2)+f_(≤k-2)(x),where λ∈F^(*)_(q) and f_(≤k-2)(x)is a polynomial over F_(q) with degree no more than k-2.Then the received vector u is a deep hole of projective Reed-Solomon codes PRS(F_(q),k).In fact,our result partially solved an open problem on deep holes of projective Reed-Solomon codes proposed by Wan in 2020.

Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Microbial Dynamics of Pasturelands: Impacts of Grazing Intensity and Planting Systems

Management intensity critically influences the productivity and sustainability of pasture systems through modifying soil microbes, and soil carbon （C） and nutrient dynamics; however, such effects are not well understood yet ir the southeastern USA. We examined the effects of grazing intensity and grass planting system on soil C and nitrogen （N） dynamics, and microbial biomass and respiration in a long-term field experiment in Goldsboro, North Carolina, USA. A split-plot experiment was initiated in 2003 on a highly sandy soil under treatments of two grass planting systems （ryegrass rotation with sorghum-sudangrass hybrid and ryegrass seeding into a perennial bermudagrass stand） at low and high grazing densities. After 4 years of continuous treatments, soil total C and N contents across the 0 30 cm soil profile were 24.7% and 17.5% higher at the high than at the low grazing intensity, likely through promoting plant productivity and C allocation belowground as well as fecal and urinary inputs. Grass planting system effects were significant only at the low grazing intensity, with soil C, N, and microbial biomass and respiration in the top 10 cm being higher under the ryegrass/bermudagrass than under the ryegrass/sorghum-sudangrass hybrid planting systems. These results suggest that effective management could mitigate potential adverse effects of high grazing intensities on soil properties and facilitate sustainability of pastureland.

Effects of different cooking methods on peanut allergenicity

Peanut allergy is a type of serious food allergy worldwide.In this study,peanuts were treated with two different cooking methods.The effect of cooking on digestion stability was evaluated by simulated gastrointestinal digestions.The effects of cooking on the allergenicity were assessed by immunoblotting,passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) mice model and rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cell model.Results showed that raw peanuts were more stable to digestion than boiled and fried peanuts.SDS-PAGE showed that the quantities of allergens Ara h 1 (64 kDa),Ara h 2 (20 kDa),and Ara h 3 (38 kDa) in the boiled and fried peanuts were all reduced.Meanwhile,immunoblotting revealed the IgE binding capacities of boiled and fried peanuts were decreased significantly,especially the fried peanuts.In the PCA mice model,the vascular permeability of allergic mice,as well as the release of histamine,were both alleviated in mice gavaged with boiled and fried peanuts compared with raw peanuts.Lastly,the release of β-hexosaminidase of RBL-2H3 cells treated with boiled and fried peanuts was significantly decreased compared with the raw peanuts.In addition,the analyses of circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that the α-helical content of peanut proteins was decreased after boiling and frying,indicating the structure stability of peanut allergens decreased.The analyses of ultraviolet (UV) spectra showed that aromatic amino acid residues were exposed,causing the change of the tertiary structure of peanut allergens after boiling and frying.In conclusion,the allergenicity of peanuts was significantly reduced after boiling and frying,especially frying.

On Ordinary Words of Standard Reed-Solomon Codes over Finite Fields

Reed-Solomon codes are widely used to establish a reliable channel to transmit information in digital communication which has a strong error correction capability and a variety of efficient decoding algorithm.Usually we use the maximum likelihood decoding(MLD)algorithm in the decoding process of Reed-Solomon codes.MLD algorithm relies on determining the error distance of received word.Dür,Guruswami,Wan,Li,Hong,Wu,Yue and Zhu et al.got some results on the error distance.For the Reed-Solomon code C,the received word u is called an ordinary word of C if the error distance d(u,C)=n-deg u(x)with u(x)being the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of u.We introduce a new method of studying the ordinary words.In fact,we make use of the result obtained by Y.C.Xu and S.F.Hong on the decomposition of certain polynomials over the finite field to determine all the ordinary words of the standard Reed-Solomon codes over the finite field of q elements.This completely answers an open problem raised by Li and Wan in[On the subset sum problem over finite fields,Finite Fields Appl.14(2008)911-929].