高动态卫星DSSS信号Turbo迭代捕获算法

针对高动态卫星通信中捕获概率受限且计算复杂度大的问题,提出了高动态信号捕获的因子图模型,在模型中将时变多普勒变化率建模为随机游走模型,并进一步提出了Turbo双环迭代捕获算法。在多普勒消除环路中,通过消息传递的方式进行多普勒频偏和多普勒变化率的补偿以消除时变多普勒频偏的影响,同时在码字判决环路中,利用扩频序列码片间的约束关系从接收序列中恢复出发送序列,从而进行迭代判决。仿真结果表明,所提算法相比于传统算法在高动态环境下至少有1.3 dB的捕获性能提升,同时复杂度相对较低。

数字信道化器中高阶精确重构滤波器组设计方法与量化分析

数字信道化技术广泛应用于新一代卫星通信系统的星上处理平台中,而精确重构滤波器组的设计是其中的关键技术。针对现有滤波器设计方法通道数较低,难以满足高分辨率数字信道化器需求的问题,提出了一种基于频率取样法和最小均方误差逼近的高阶精确重构原型滤波器的设计方法。该方法首先利用频率取样法求解一个近似精确重构原型滤波器;然后在最小均方误差准则下,用一个由两通道无损网格建模的滤波器对该近似精确重构原型滤波器进行最优拟合。数值实验表明,与Parks-Mc Clellan(PM)算法相比,该方法能设计得到更高通道数的滤波器组;并且原理简单,设计复杂度很低。滤波器性能的量化分析结果表明,综合考虑多相分量长度与量化位宽的设计思想,能够平衡实现复杂度与性能指标,对于实际系统具有重要的参考价值。

Outage Performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Satellite Networks

With rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs), more and more UAVs access satellite networks for data transmission. To improve the spectral efficiency, non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) is adopted to integrate UAVs into the satellite network, where multiple satellites cooperatively serve the UAVs and mobile terminal using the Ku-band and above. Taking into account the rain fading and the fading correlation, the outage performance is first analytically obtained for fixed power allocation and then efficiently calculated by the proposed power allocation algorithm to guarantee the user fairness. Simulation results verify the outage performance analysis and show the performance improvement of the proposed power allocation scheme.

Adaptive subsequence adjustment with evolutionary asymmetric path-relinking for TDRSS scheduling

Due to the limited transmission resources for data relay in the tracking and data relay satellite system （TDRSS）, there are many job requirements in busy days which will be discarded in the conventional job scheduling model. Therefore, the improvement of scheduling efficiency in the TDRSS can not only help to increase the resource utilities, but also to reduce the scheduling failure ratio. A model of nonhomogeneous parallel machines scheduling problems with time window （NPM-TW） is firstly built up for the TDRSS, considering the distinct features of the variable preparation time and the nonhomogeneous transmission rates for different types of antennas on each tracking and data relay satellite （TDRS）. Then, an adaptive subsequence adjustment （ASA） framework with evolutionary asymmetric path-relinking （EvAPR） is proposed to solve this problem, in which an asymmetric progressive crossover operation is involved to overcome the local optima by the conventional job inserting methods. The numerical results show that, compared with the classical greedy randomized adaptive search procedure （GRASP） algorithm, the scheduling failure ratio of jobs can be reduced over 11% on average by the proposed ASA with EvAPR.

Spectral Coexistence between LEO and GEO Satellites by Optimizing Direction Normal of Phased Array Antennas

This paper addresses the spectral coexistence between LEO constellation and GEO belt for global distributed earth stations. A specific method is introduced to mitigate the in-line interference by tilting the direction normal of phased array antennas of LEO satellites, and the optimal direction is found by solving a non-linear programming problem. The simulation results prove that the proposed approach leads to greater link availability while guaranteeing the desired received signal level especially for low-latitude earth stations.

Weak harmonic signal detection method in chaotic interference based on extended Kalman filter

The traditional methods of weak harmonic signal detection under strong chaotic interference often suffer from high computational complexity and poor performance. In this paper, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based detection method is proposed for the detection of weak harmonic signal. The EKF method avoids matrix inversion by iterating measurement equation and state equation, which simultaneously improves the robustness and reduces the complexity. Compared with the existing detection methods, the proposed method has the following advantages: 1) it has better performance than the neural network method;2) it has similar performance with the optimal filtering method, but with lower computational complexity;3) it is more robust compared with the optimal filtering method.

QoE-Driven Social Aware Caching Placement for Terrestrial-Satellite Networks

In remote terrestrial-satellite networks, caching is a very promising technique to alleviate the burden of space cloudlet(e.g., cache-enabled satellite user terminal) and to improve subscribers' quality of experience(Qo E) in terms of buffering delay and achievable video streaming rate. In this paper, we studied a Qo E-driven caching placement optimization problem for video streaming that takes into account the required video streaming rate and the social relationship among users. Social ties between users are used to designate a set of helpers with caching capability, which can cache popular files proactively when the cloudlet is idle. We model the utility function of Qo E as a logarithmic function. Then, the caching placement problem is formulated as an optimization problem to maximize the user's average Qo E subject to the storage capacity constraints of the helpers and the cloudlets. Furthermore, we reformulate the problem into a monotone submodular optimization problem with a partition matroid constraint, and an efficient greedy algorithm with 1-1 e approximation ratio is proposed to solve it. Simulation results show that the proposed caching placement approach significantly outperforms the traditional approaches in terms of Qo E, while yields about the same delay and hit ratio performance compare to the delay-minimized scheme.

Low-Complexity Joint Channel Estimation and Symbol Detection for OFDMA Systems

In this paper,we propose a joint channel estimation and symbol detection(JCESD)algorithm relying on message-passing algorithms(MPA)for orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)systems.The channel estimation and symbol detection leverage the framework of expectation propagation(EP)and belief propagation(BP)with the aid of Gaussian approximation,respectively.Furthermore,to reduce the computation complexity involved in channel estimation,the matrix inversion is transformed into a series of diagonal matrix inversions through the Sherman-Morrison formula.Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the pilot overhead by about 50%,compared with the traditional linear minimum mean square error(LMMSE)algorithm,and can approach to the bit error rate(BER)performance bound of perfectly known channel state information within 0.1 dB.

基于WIA-PA的无线总线多信道调度算法

针对无线总线替代有线总线所带来的网络实时性和吞吐量下降的问题,充分利用无线信道提供的众多信道,在媒体接入控制(media access control,MAC)层提出了一种多信道调度算法。该算法在星型拓扑下将每个通信周期分为载波侦听多路访问(carrier sense multiple access,CSMA)阶段和时分多址(time division multiple access,TDMA)阶段。在CSMA阶段,基于不同优先级的灵活接入使得节点间发生碰撞的可能性大大降低。在TDMA阶段,基于全局队列的最早截止时间优先(earliest deadline first,EDF)调度使得信道利用率明显提高。仿真结果表明:提出的多信道MAC调度算法可以有效提高网络的实时性和吞吐量。

Application of Nd:YAG Laser Welding to Implantable Neuro-Stimulator

It is difficult to weld the material and structure of implantable neuro-stimulator such as pure medical titanium and irregular outside shield by conventional arc welding methods.Currently there are few reports on the neuro stimulator sealing technology,and none of them have simultaneously considered the quality control methods.In order to develop the sealing procedure and quality control methods,an investigation of applying Nd：YAG laser welding to implantable neuro-stimulator components is carried out.Firstly,the automatic Nd：YAG laser welding system equipped with proper fixture configuration is introduced.A special fixture structure is illustrated and the key point for the device is to reduce the fit-up gap between the two shields.Then,a novel welding process technique is proposed to satisfy the engineering requirements.The optimized process parameters for titanium shell,feedthrough and fastener are provided and concluded by an orthogonal experiment.Finally,different quality control measures such as visual inspection,X-ray detecting and leakage testing,are presented on the final products.The results show that the Nd：YAG laser welding applied on the implanted neuro-stimulator under optimized parameters can prevent welding defects and improve the weld joints quality.Combination of various quality control methods will guarantee the sealing performance and mechanical properties of the products.It is confirmed that the processing procedure and quality methods can not only resolve the process technology on welding ultra-thin structure of medical device,but also provide the reference for other implantable device.

Efficient Recovery of Structured Sparse Signals via Approximate Message Passing with Structured Spike and Slab Prior

Due to limited volume, weight and power consumption, micro-satellite has to reduce data transmission and storage capacity by image compression when performs earth observation missions. However, the quality of images may be unsatisfied. This paper considers the problem of recovering sparse signals by exploiting their unknown sparsity pattern. To model structured sparsity, the prior correlation of the support is encoded by imposing a transformed Gaussian process on the spike and slab probabilities. Then, an efficient approximate message-passing algorithm with structured spike and slab prior is derived for posterior inference, which, combined with a fast direct method, reduces the computational complexity significantly. Further, a unified scheme is developed to learn the hyperparameters using expectation maximization(EM) and Bethe free energy optimization. Simulation results on both synthetic and real data demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

Trajectory Planning for OTFS-Based UAV Communications

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have attracted growing research interests in recent years,which can be used as cost-effective aerial platforms to transmit collected data packets to ground access points(APs).Thus,it is crucial to investigate robust airto-ground(A2G)wireless links for high-speed UAVs.However,the A2G wireless link is unstable as it suffers from large path-loss and severe Doppler effect due to the high mobility of UAVs.In order to meet these challenges,we propose an orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)-based UAV communication system to relief the Doppler effect.Besides,considering that the energy of UAV is limited,we optimize the trajectory planning of UAV to minimize the energy consumption under the constraints of bit error rate(BER)and transmission rate,where the Doppler compensation is taken into account.Simulation results show that the performance of OTFS-based UAV system is superior to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)-based UAV systems,which can accomplish transmission tasks over shorter distances with lower energy consumption.

BER Performance Analysis of Asynchronous NOMA with Arbitrary Phase Offset

An asynchronous transmission scenario for non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)user signals with arbitrary phase offset is investigated in this paper.To improve the system performance in the user power-balanced conditions,we adopt a synthetic detection method at the receiver,i.e.,the jointly optimal maximal likelihood detection aided triangular successive interference cancellation(JO ML-TSIC)method.Analytical bit error rate(BER)solutions are obtained for a two-user case with the optimal,intentional onehalf symbol period time delay implemented between the user signals.Furthermore,closed-form BER solutions for the case using the triangular successive interference cancellation(TSIC)detection method are also derived for comparisons.Numerical results show that the JO ML-TSIC receiver for the asynchronous system outperforms the TSIC receiver as well as the synchronous successive interference cancellation(SIC)receiver in all the conditions concerned.The results also show that the superiority of the JO ML-TSIC receiver is strengthened when the signals experience flat Rayleigh fading channels compared to the TSIC and the synchronous SIC receivers.

Generalized multiple time windows model based parallel machine scheduling for TDRSS

The scheduling efficiency of the tracking and data relay satellite system（TDRSS）is strictly limited by the scheduling degrees of freedom（DoF）,including time DoF defined by jobs＇ flexible time windows and spatial DoF brought by multiple servable tracking and data relay satellites（TDRSs）.In this paper,ageneralized multiple time windows（GMTW）model is proposed to fully exploit the time and spatial DoF.Then,the improvements of service capability and job-completion probability based on the GMTW are theoretically proved.Further,an asymmetric path-relinking（APR）based heuristic job scheduling framework is presented to maximize the usage of DoF provided by the GMTW.Simulation results show that by using our proposal 11%improvement of average jobcompletion probability can be obtained.Meanwhile,the computing time of the time-to-target can be shorten to 1/9 of the GRASP.

INTEGRATED TERRESTRIAL-SATELLITE NETWORKS：PART ONE

The rapid growing data traffic brings more and more pressure to the wireless networks,which is predicted to increase by over 10,000 times in the next 20 years.However,currently,there is still large number of population without coverage of mobile service.In addition

An Interconnected Multi-Plane Multi-Stage Fault-Tolerant On-Board Switching Fabric

The harsh space radiation environment compromises the reliability of an on-board switching fabric by leading to cross-point and switching element(SE)faults.Different from traditional faulttolerant switching fabrics only taking crosspoint faults into account,a novel Input and Output Parallel Clos network,referred to as the(p_1,p_2)-IOPClos,is proposed to tolerate both cross-point and SE faults.In the(p_1,p_2)-IOPClos,there are p_1 and p_2 expanded parallel switching planes in the input and output stages,respectively.The multiple input/output switching planes are interconnected through the middle stage to provide multiple paths in each stage by which the network throughput can be increased remarkably.Furthermore,the network reliability of the(p_1,p_2)-IOPClos under the above both kinds of faults is analyzed.The corresponding implementation cost is also presented along with the network size.Both theoretical analysis and numerical results indicate that the(p_1,p_2)-IOPClos outperforms traditional Clos-type networks at reliability,while has less implementation cost than the multi-plane Clos network.

Measures for Error Avalanche and Energy Avalanche Effect in Secure Wireless Fieldbus Systems

The wireless fieldbus is a vital part in present industrial automatic controls and software-defined systems. Accompanying, security is an upcoming problem determines its future leapfrog development. Wireless fieldbus systems can be made secure by encrypting the data. Unfortunately, the diffusion character of encryption brings significant vulnerabilities in terms of deteriorated error performance and energy efficiency. In this paper, we first propose an AES-dependent Hsiao(AD-Hsiao) code to improve the error correction capability, which leverages the prior information of data similarity and AES decryption to assist syndrome decoding. Then, we develop "Random Coset" scheme to reduce energy consumption. Based on mapping written data into several data candidates, this scheme lessens the number of bits written to memory and thereby boosts the write energy efficiency. Simulation results show that the AD-Hsiao code can correct majority of double errors in a single codeword with limited latency and area cost as the Hamming code. Moreover, the(72,64) AD-Hsiao code improves the reliability by 102 over the(72,64) Hamming code at 8 dB AWGN channel, and also exceeding the high cost(78,64) BCH code. In addition, the "Random Coset" improves energy efficiency by 6.6～14% than the current scheme while re-quires small ROM storage.

系统视角下的6G通信创新展望

The history of wireless communications can be divided into two eras.The first was a discovery-inspired era,initiated by the great physicist Maxwell’s discovery of the classical theory of electromagnetism,while the second was a technology-driven era that began with Marconi’s creation of the first practical world-wide radio-based wireless telegraph system,Shannon’s information theory,and the later invention of cellular mobile communications from the first generation(1G)to the fourth(4G).Nowadays,the fifth generation(5G)is regarded as a leading information and communication technology.

MEASUREMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF QoE FOR MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS

With the rapid development of smart devices and mobile networks,multimedia services will dominate most of data traffic in 4G/5G networks.Applications -such as conversational videos,online multimedia sharing,remote education,etc.have gained their popularity and will become more ubiquitous among customers.Tra-

Fabrication and performance evaluation of the thermoelectric generation and performance measuring system

A novel thennoelectric generating and performance measuring system （TGPMS） was designed and fabricated. TGPMS can not only achieve the function of thennoelectric generation, but also measure the thennoelectric performance parameters of the bismuth-telluride-based thennoelectric device accurately. These thennoelectric performance parameters mainly include the dependence of the Seebeck coefficient of the thennoelectric device on the device＇s temperature in the low temperature range （about 40 ~ 190~C ）, and the dependence of the power output and thermoelectric conversion efficiency on the temperature dif- ference or output load. With the optimum load, the optimal value of the power output is 3.39W when the temperature difference reaches 231.2~C, and the optimal value of the conversion efficiency is 3.22% when the temperature difference reaches 208.9~C. TGPMS provides an experimental foundation for the application of the thennoelectric generators in the space field.