Quantitative Analysis of the Coupling Coordination Degree Between Urbanization and Eco-environment in Mongolia

Mongolia is an important country in the Economic Corridor of China-Mongolia-Russia, a deep understanding of the coupling relationship between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia is meaningful to achieve green development of the Belt and Road. The entropy method and coupling coordination degree model were integrated to evaluate the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia during 2000-2016. The results showed that the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia was generally at the stage of seriously unbalanced development, and that the main contributor of the urbanization and the eco-environment subsystem were demographic urbanization and eco-environment endowment, respectively. The southern part of Mongolia central zone should be paid more attention due to the lower degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and the eco-environment. To promote the healthy urbanization development in Mongolia, six-layer eco-city establishing green development pattern is proposed to provide scientific support for Mongolia.

Mechanistic Applications of Nonlinear Effects in First-Row Transition-Metal Catalytic Systems

Knowledge of asymmetric catalytic reaction mechanism is very important for rational design and synthesis of new chiral catalysts or catalytic systems with high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity.The studies of nonlinear effect have attracted wide attentions as a simple and practical mechanistic tool to probe complex asymmetric catalytic reactions.

APOE-mediated suppression of the lncRNA MEG3 protects human cardiovascular cells from chronic inflammation

Dear Editor,Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of death world-wide.Thus,diagnosing and treating CVD remains at the forefront for clinicians while identifying targetable disease mechanisms in preclinical models are focus areas for researchers and drug developers(Cai et al.,2022a).The polymorphic protein apolipoprotein E(APOE),central to lipid transport and metabolism,is well-recognized for the role of its isoforms as important predictors for human cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases(Tudorache et al.,2017).Plasma APOE is generated primarily from liver hepatocytes,accounting for around 75%of the APOE production from the whole body(Getz and Reardon,2009),and plays important functional roles in monocytes/macrophages,adipocytes,and the central nervous system(Kockx et al.,2018).However,despite the fact that APOE is widely expressed in different mammalian cells,studies on the functional roles of APOE mostly focus on its extracellular secreted form,and the specific effects of APOE,particularly intracellular form in cell types closely related to human cardiovascular diseases are therefore still poorly understood.

A versatile method for the encapsulation of various non-precious metal nanoparticles inside single-walled carbon nanotubes

We present a facile and versatile method for introducing various non-precious metal nanoparticles （NPs） in small nanotubes, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs）, including 3d-metals （V, Mn, Fe and Co）, 4d-metals （Mo）, and 5d-metals （W）. This is realized by oxidizing encapsulated cycloalkene metal carbonyl complexes below their sublimation temperatures. This novel technique is significant because it avoids the diffusion and deposition of metal species on the outer walls of nanotubes, which has been challenging to achieve using the conventional filling methods. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）, high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy （HAADF-STEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analyses revealed high filling efficiencies （〉 95% SWNTs filled with metal NPs）. This method also provides a unique approach to fabricate highly dispersed and uniform SWNT-metal nanoparficle encapsulates with lower valence states, which are often not stable in the bulk.

The deep background of large-scale,Mesozoic Cu-Au-W metallogenesis in northeastern South China:Constraints from Yingshan-Changshan wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction data

To investigate the geodynamic processes of Mesozoic large-scale mineralization in South China,we deployed a 350-km-long,wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction sounding profile between Yingshan in Hubei and Changshan in Zhejiang.This profile traverses the Cu-Au metallogenic belt in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River(YMB),the Jiangnan W-polymetal metallogenic belt(JNMB),and the Qinhang Cu-polymetal metallogenic belt(QHMB).Our imaging results reveal various interesting velocity features along the profile.(1)The velocity structure is characterized by vertical layering and horizontal blocking;(2)the YMB is marked by high velocity and high V_(p)/V_(s) ratios in general with a significantly uplifted Moho interface and a thin crust of~31 km,and the lower crust contains high-velocity anomalies and has the characteristics of a crustmantle transition zone;(3)the JNMB is bounded by the Jiangnan fault and Jingdezhen-Huangshan fault and has low-velocity anomalies and low V_(p)/V_(s) ratios;and(4)the QHMB is characterized by high-velocity anomalies and high V_(p)/V_(s) ratios.The highvelocity anomalies in the YMB and QHMB represent relatively Cu-Au-rich mafic juvenile lower crust.The formation of this kind of crust is considered to be related to mantle-derived magma underplating or residues of Neoproterozoic oceanic crustal materials,and it also provided sources for large-scale Cu-Au mineralization in the Mesozoic.The JNMB has features similar to those of ancient crusts enriched in W-Sn,the partial melting of which played a leading role in the formation of the superlarge W deposits in this belt.Considering these results and other regional geological data,we propose that a large-scale oblique upwelling of the asthenosphere along the collisional belt of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks during the Mesozoic was the deep driving mechanism for the explosive mineralization of Cu,Au,and W in northeastern South China.The boundaries of the blocks or terrains and discontinuities of the lithosphere were the main channels for deep heat and magmas and therefore controlled the spatial distribution of the metallogenic belt.

Kinetic Resolution of 1,2-Diamines via Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Electrophilic Aminations of Anilines

An efficient kinetic resolution(KR)protocol for 1,2-diamines has been developed through asymmetric electrophilic aminations of anilines enabled by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis.A wide array of substituted 1,2-diamines were compatible with this method,generating both the recovered staring materials and the amination products with high enantioselectivities(with s-factor up to 218).Notably,this method is amenable to the kinetic resolution of 1,2-diamines bearingα-tertiary amine moieties,which represents the first KR of this type of 1,2-diamines.Facile removal of the introduced hydrazine group and oxidative cleavage of the N-aryl group to release the free primary amine demonstrate the value of this method.

Impaired tumor angiogenesis and VEGF- induced pathway in endothelial CD146 knockout mice

CD146 is a newly identified endothelial biomarker that has been implicated in angiogenesis. Though in vitro angio- genic function of CD146 has been extensively reported, in vivo evidence is still lacking. To address this issue, we generated endothelial-specific CD146 knockout （CD146 EC-Ko） mice using the Tg（Tek-cre） system. Surprisingly, these mice did not exhibit any apparent morphological defects in the development of normal retinal vasculature. To evaluate the role of CD146 in pathological angiogenesis, a xenograft tumor model was used. We found that both tumor volume and vascular density were significantly lower in CD146Ec-KO mice when compared to WT littermates. Additionally, the ability for sprouting, migration and tube formation in response to VEGF treatment was impaired in endothelial cells （ECs）of CD146Ec-Ko mice. Mechanistic studies further confirmed that VEGF- induced VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and AKT/p38 MAPKs/ NF-KB activation were inhibited in these CD146-null ECs, which might present the underlying cause for the observed inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in CD146Ec-Ko mice. These results suggest that CD146 plays a redundant role in physiological angiogenic processes, but becomes essential during pathological angiogenesis as observed in tumorigenesis.