Sequential expression of miR-221-3p and miR-338-3p in Schwann cells as a therapeutic strategy to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery

The functional properties of endogenous Schwann cells(SCs)during nerve repair are dynamic.Optimizing the functional properties of SCs at different stages of nerve repair may have therapeutic benefit in improving the repair of damaged nerves.Previous studies showed that miR-221-3p promotes the proliferation and migration of SCs,and miR-338-3p promotes the myelination of SCs.In this study,we established rat models of sciatic nerve injury by bridging the transected sciatic nerve with a silicone tube.We injected a miR-221 lentiviral vector system together with a doxycycline-inducible Tet-On miR-338 lentiviral vector system into the cavity of nerve conduits of nerve stumps to sequentially regulate the biological function of endogenous SCs at different stages of nerve regeneration.We found that the biological function of SCs was sequentially regulated,the diameter and density of myelinated axons were increased,the expression levels of NF200 and myelin basic protein were increased,and the function of injured peripheral nerve was improved using this system.miRNA Target Prediction Database prediction,Nanopore whole transcriptome sequencing,quantitative PCR,and dual luciferase reporter gene assay results predicted and verified Cdkn1b and Nrp1 as target genes of miR-221-3p and miR-338-3p,respectively,and their regulatory effects on SCs were confirmed in vitro.In conclusion,here we established a new method to enhance nerve regeneration through sequential regulation of biological functions of endogenous SCs,which establishes a new concept and model for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.The findings from this study will provide direct guiding significance for clinical treatment of sciatic nerve injury.

Predictive and prognostic implications of 4E-BP1, Beclin-1, and LC3for cetuximab treatment combined with chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer with wild-type KRAS: Analysis from real-world data

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in China and around the world. Advanced CRC(ACRC) patients suffer from a low cure rate though treated with targeted therapies. The response rate is about 50% to chemotherapy and cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and used for ACRC with wild-type KRAS. It is important to identify more predictors of cetuximab efficacy to further improve precise treatment. Autophagy, showing a key role in the cancer progression, is influenced by the EGFR pathway. Whether autophagy can predict cetuximab efficacy in ACRC is an interesting topic.AIM To investigate the effect of autophagy on the efficacy of cetuximab in colon cancer cells and ACRC patients with wild-type KRAS.METHODS ACRC patients treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy, with detailed data and tumor tissue, at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1, 2005,to October 1, 2015, were studied. Expression of autophagy-related proteins[Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein 1 A/B-light chain 3(LC3), and 4 Ebinding protein 1(4 E-BP1)] was examined by Western blot in CRC cells and by immunohistochemistry in cancerous and normal tissues. The effect of autophagy on cetuximab-treated cancer cells was confirmed by MTT assay. The associations between Beclin1, LC3, and 4 E-BP1 expression in tumor tissue and the efficacy of cetuximab-based therapy were analyzed.RESULTS In CACO-2 cells exposed to cetuximab, LC3 and 4 E-BP1 were upregulated, and P62 was downregulated. Autophagosome formation was observed, and autophagy increased the efficacy of cetuximab. In 68 ACRC patients,immunohistochemistry showed that Beclin1 levels were significantly correlated with those of LC3(0.657, P < 0.001) and 4 E-BP1(0.211, P = 0.042) in ACRC tissues.LC3 was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues(P < 0.001). In 45 patients with wild-type KRAS, the expression levels of these three proteins were not related to progression-free survival; however, the expression levels of Beclin1(P = 0.010) and 4 E-BP1(P = 0.005), pathological grade(P = 0.002), and T stage(P = 0.004) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS).CONCLUSION The effect of cetuximab on colon cancer cells might be improved by autophagy.LC3 is overexpressed in tumor tissues, and Beclin1 and 4 E-BP1 could be significant predictors of OS in ACRC patients treated with cetuximab.

Neural differentiation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells following neural cell co-culture

We induced human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells （hPMSCs） to differentiate into neural cells by adding chemical reagents, despite the fact that toxic chemicals induce cell shrinkage or cytoskeletal formation, which does not represent a proper cell differentiation process. The present study established a co-culture system with hPMSCs and neural cells and analyzed the influence of neural cells on hPMSC differentiation in a co-culture system, hPMSCs were isolated and purified from human full-term placenta using collagenase digestion. Fetal neural cells were co-cultured with hPMSCs for 48 hours using the Transwell co-culture system, hPMSCs co-cultured with neural cells exhibited a slender morphology with a filament. After 96 hours, hPMSCs expressed neuron-specific enolase, which suggested that co-culture of hPMSCs and neural cells induced neural differentiation of hPMSCs.

Protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 on Wistar rats with heart failure through the inhibition of inflammation and amelioration of intestinal micro- circulation

Background Myocardial infarction （MI） has likely contributed to the increased prevalence of heart failure （HF）. As a result of re- duced cardiac function, splanchnic blood flow decreases, causing ischemia in villi and damage to the intestinal barrier. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） could prevent, or lessen the effects of stress and inflammation. Thus, the effect and mechanism thereof of HO-1 on the intestines of rats with HF was investigated. Methods Male Wistar rats with heart failure through ligation of the left coronary artery were identified with an left ventricular ejection fraction of 〈 45% through echocardiography and then divided into various experimental groups based on the type of peritoneal injection they received [MI： saline; MI ＋ Cobalt protoporphyrin （CoPP）： CoPP solution; and MI ＋ Tin mesoporphyrin IX dichloride （SnMP）： SnMP solution]. The control group was comprised of rats without coronary ligation. Echocardiogra- phy was performed before ligation for a baseline and eight weeks after ligation in order to evaluate the cardiac function of the rats. The bac- terial translocation （BT） incidence, mesenteric microcirculation, amount of endotoxins in the vein serum, ileum levels of HO- 1, carbon oxide （CO）, nitric oxide （NO）, intedeuldn （IL）-10, turnour necrosis factor-et （TNF-ct）, and the ileum morphology were determined eight weeks after the operation. Results The rats receiving MI ＋ CoPP injections exhibited a recovery in cardiac function, an amelioration of mesenteric microcirculation and change in morphology, a lower BT incidence, a reduction in serum and ileac NO and TNF-ct levels, and an elevation in ileac HO-1, CO, and interleukin-10 （[L-10） levels compared to the MI group （P 〈 0.05）. The rats that received the MI ＋ SnMP injections exhibited results inverse to the MI （P 〈 0.05） group. Conclusions HO-1 exerted a protective effect on the intestines of rats with HF by inhibiting the inflammation and amelioration of microcirculation through the CO pathway. This protective effect could be independent from the recovery of cardiac function.

Biointerface engineering nanoplatforms for cancer-targeted drug delivery

Over the past decade,nanoparticle-based therapeutic modalities have become promising strategies in cancer therapy.Selective delivery of anticancer drugs to the lesion sites is critical for elimination of the tumor and an improved prognosis.Innovative design and advanced biointerface engineering have promoted the development of various nanocarriers for optimized drug delivery.Keeping in mind the biological framework of the tumormicroenvironment,biomembrane-camouflaged nanoplatforms have been a research focus,reflecting their superiority in cancer targeting.In this review,we summarize the development of various biomimetic cell membrane-camouflaged nanoplatforms for cancertargeted drug delivery,which are classified according to the membranes fromdifferent cells.The challenges and opportunities of the advanced biointerface engineering drug delivery nanosystems in cancer therapy are discussed.

Novel rechargeable calcium phosphate nanoparticle-containing orthodontic cement

White spot lesions （WSLs）, due to enamel demineralization, occur frequently in orthodontic treatment. We recently developed a novel rechargeable dental composite containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate （NACP） with long-term calcium （Ca） and phosphate （P） ion release and caries-inhibiting capability. The objectives of this study were to develop the first NACP- rechargeable orthodontic cement and investigate the effects of recharge duration and frequency on the efficacy of ion re-release. The rechargeable cement consisted of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate （PMGDM） and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate （EBPADMA）. NACP was mixed into the resin at 40% by mass. Specimens were tested for orthodontic bracket shear bond strength （SBS） to enamel, Ca and P ion initial release, recharge and re-release. The new orthodontic cement exhibited an SBS similar to commercial orthodontic cement without CaP release （P〉 0.1）. Specimens after one recharge treatment （e.g., 1 min immersion in recharge solution repeating three times in one day, referred to as ＂1 min 3 times＂） exhibited a substantial and continuous re-release of Ca and P ions for 14 days without further recharge. The ion re-release did not decrease with increasing the number of recharge/re-release cycles （P〉 0.1）. The ion re-release concentrations at 14 days versus various recharge treatments were as follows： 1 min 3 times〉3 min 2 times〉 1 min 2 times〉6 min 1 time〉3 min 1 time〉 1 min 1 time. In conclusion, although previous studies have shown that NACP nanocomposite remineralized tooth lesions and inhibited caries, the present study developed the first orthodontic cement with Ca and P ion recharge and long-term release capability. This NACP-rechargeable orthodontic cement is a promising therapy to inhibit enamel demineralization and WSLs around orthodontic brackets.

The characteristic and dynamic electrocardiogram changes on hyperkalemia in a hemodialysis patient with heart failure:a case report

Hyperkalemia,usually associated with predisposing chronic diseases as heart failure(HF),severe kidney disease or diabetes mellitus(DM),[1]is defined as an elevation of potassium concentration more than 5.5 mmol/L,[2].

Relationship of ultrasonic shear wave velocity with oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression in primary liver cancer lesions as well as angiogenesis factor contents

Objective:To discuss the relationship of ultrasonic shear wave velocity (SWV) with oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression in primary liver cancer lesions as well as angiogenesis factor contents.Methods:100 patients with primary liver cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital between March 2014 and September 2016 were collected as observation group, and 50 healthy subjects who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were collected as normal control group. The ultrasonic SWV levels of two groups of subjects were measured before the operation, and the observation groups were further divided into high SWV group and low SWV group, 50 cases in each group. Intraoperative tumor tissue samples were kept and fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum contents of angiogenesis factors in observation group before operation.Results:Hepatic ultrasonic SWV level in observation group was significantly higher than that in normal control group;proto-oncogene CK, Ki67, Gly-3, Survivin and Pokemon mRNA expression in tumor tissue of high SWV group were higher than those of low SWV group while tumor suppressor genes Tg737, p16, p27, PTEN and runx3 mRNA expression were lower than those of low SWV group;serum angiogenesis factors VEGF, MMP-9 and IGF-1R contents were higher than those in low SWV group. Conclusion: The hepatic ultrasonic SWV level increases in patients with primary liver cancer, and the SWV level is directly correlated with oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression as well as angiogenesis factor contents.

Foreign body retained in liver long after gauze packing

This case report describes a foreign body retained in the liver long after perihepatic gauze packing. A 64-year-old female patient had suffered a rib fracture and liver rupture during a traffic accident in 1973. She discovered a mass in her right hypochondrium. Her hepatic ultrasonography showed a round mass (20.3 cm × 17.3 cm × 16.0 cm in size) with fluid echogenicity in the right lobe of her liver, and a hepatic cystic-solid mass (19.7 cm × 18.5 cm × 15.6 cm in size) was identified in an abdominal computerized tomography scan. Several pieces of gauze were extracted, and brown pus from the hepatic mass was suctioned during her exploratory laparotomy. Histology documented gauze remnants with necrotic material inclusions and fibrotic capsules. To our knowledge, this patient's case represents the longest time for which a foreign body has been retained in the liver. In addition, we conducted a comprehensive literature review of foreign bodies retained in the liver. Foreign bodies may be introduced into the liver via penetrating trauma, surgical procedures or the ingestion of foreign bodies (which then migrate from the gut). Thus, they can be classified into the following three categories: penetrating, medical and migrated foreign bodies. The details of the case are thoroughly described.

“中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷”常模的测定(英文)

目的：就高血压、冠心病、充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者测定＂中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷＂（CQQC）的常模,并分析其影响因素。方法：采用整群随机抽样的方法,对地跨中国各大区的19个城市28所医院的7937名对象的生活质量进行调查,建立全国常模,并比较性别、年龄、运动、心理状态、教育、家庭以及医疗条件所致的差异。结果：1、正常人平均得分（国家常模）为（95.74±23.21）分;2、高血压患者平均得分为（73.75±23.62）,高血压3级患者生活质量（69.06±21.78）明显低于其他患者（P〈0.01）;3、冠心病患者的平均得分为（64.67±20.59）,其中不稳定型心绞痛患者的生活质量（55.37±18.62）最差（P〈0.01）;4、CHF患者的平均得分为（40.36±17.24）,显著低于高血压和冠心病患者（P〈0.01）;5、影响因素：（1）性别、年龄：所有人的总体得分为（71.41±27.8）分,男性得分非常显著高于女性（P=0.000）;正常人随着年龄增加,得分逐渐减少（P〈0.05）,除≥70岁组,其他各年龄组男性得分显著高于女性得分（P〈0.05）;（2）运动：参加运动者的得分（72.64±21.87）非常显著高于未参加运动者（66.91±23.13）,P=0.000;（3）心理：心理健康者的得分（70.13±25.66）非常显著高于心理有障碍者（68.91±20.44）,P=0.001;（4）其他：受教育程度越高,得分越高;家庭成员为1个人的得分明显低于2人组和3人及以上组的得分;自费患者的得分低于医保或公费患者的得分（P〈0.05~〈0.001）。结论：本研究样本量大,数据可靠;中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷能反映年龄、性别、运动、心理、家庭、受教育程度、医疗条件和疾病对生活质量的影响,条目简短明了,可操作性好,值得推广。

Diagnosis of prostatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: Two cases report and literature review

Two cases of prostatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(PNEC) imaged by computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), and literature review are presented. Early enhanced CT, MRI, especially diffusionweighted image were emphasized, the complementary roles of ultrasound, CT, MRI, clinical and laboratory characteristic's features in achieving accurate diagnosis were valued in the preoperative diagnosis of PNEC.

Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties

Calcium phosphate cements （CPCs） are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability, bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs, including 3D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and pre- vascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.

Uric acid promotes neuronal differentiation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner

Uric acid is an important, naturally occurring serum antioxidant. The present study investigates the use of uric acid for promoting proliferation and neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human placenta tissue. Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells were pre-induced in the presence of either 0, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 mM uric acid in combination with 1 mM β-mercaptoethanol for 24 hours, followed by exposure to identical uric acid concentrations and 5 mM β-mercaptoethanol for 6 and 10 hours. Cells developed a neuronal-like morphology, with formation of interconnected process extensions, typical of neural cells. Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence staining showed neuron specific enolase positive cells were present in each group except the control group. A greater number of neuron specific enolase positive cells were observed in 0.8 mM uric acid in combination with 5 mM β-mercaptoethanol at 10 hours. After 24 hours of induction, Nissl bodies were detected in the cytoplasm of all differentiated cell groups except the control group and Nissl body numbers were greatest in human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells grown in the presence of 0.8 mM uric acid and 5 mM β-mercaptoethanol. These results suggest uric acid accelerates differentiation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal-like cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner.

Effect of the Wall Thickness of the Vessel on FFRCT of Carotid Artery Stenosis

Fractional flow reserve(FFR)computed from computed tomography angiography(CTA),i.e.,FFRCT has been used in the clinic as a noninvasive parameter for functional assessment of coronary artery stenosis.It has also been suggested to be used in the assessment of carotid artery stenosis.The wall thickness of the vessel is an important parameter when establishing a fluid-structure coupling model of carotid stenosis.This work studies the effect of the vessel wall thickness on hemodynamic parameters such as FFRCT in carotid stenosis.Models of carotid stenosis are established based on CTA image data using computer-aided design software.It is assumed that the vessel wall is a linear elastic and isotropic material,and the blood an incompressible Newtonian fluid.Under the pulsating flow condition,ANSYS Transient Structural and CFX are used to simulate the blood flow of fluid-structure coupling in the carotid stenosis model in order to obtain hemodynamic parameters and the corresponding FFRCT.The results show that when the elastic modulus of the vessel wall is fixed,FFRCT will decrease with the increase of the wall thickness.Similarly,FFRCT will decrease with the increase of the elastic modulus when the wall thickness is fixed.The difference in hemodynamic parameters such as FFRCT,however,is relatively small if the stiffness of the two models are close.The results demonstrate that the effect of the vessel wall thickness,especially for a model with small elastic modulus,should be taken into account in using FFRCT for functional assessment of carotid stenosis.Moreover,under the linear elasticity and isotropic material assumptions,the stiffness coefficient may replace the elastic modulus and wall thickness as a parameter reflecting material property of the vessel wall in the carotid stenosis model.

Numerical Investigation of an Idealized Total Cavopulmonary Connection Physiology Assisted by the Axial Blood Pump With and Without Diffuser

In order to improve the surgical treatment of the congenital heart disease patient with single ventricle defect,two axial flow blood pumps,one with diffuser and the other without diffuser,were designed and virtually implanted into an idealized total cavopulmonary connection(TCPC)model to form two types of Pump-TCPC physiological structure.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulationswere performed to analyze the variations of the hemodynamic characteristics,such as flow field,wall shear stress(WSS),oscillatory shear index(OSI),relative residence time(RRT),between the two Pump-TCPC models.Numerical results indicate that the Pump-TCPC with diffuser has better flow field stability,less damage on endothelial cell of vessel wall,and lower risk of vascular injury and thrombosis formation than that without diffuser.

A stepwise-responsive editor integrated with three copper ions for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Cuprotosis,a new type of cell death,provides great opportunities for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma,as nanocarriers of copper ions can induce cuprotosis and immunogenic death.Here,we studied an editor that enables production of a nanoparticle“storm”in oral squamous cell carcinoma,maximizing the toxic effect of these particles and reprogramming the tumor microenvironment;as a result,T cells and natural killer(NK)cells can infiltrate the tumor microenvironment to activate an antitumor immune response.On this basis,the editor can be combined with optical therapy to improve patient prognosis.In this study,the metal ratio was regulated in response to the nanocarrier of acid response type.Thus,in the presence of a specific copper ion content,the nanocarrier could change the permeability of the tumor cell membrane.Based on these results,the nanoparticles were cracked in an acidic environment and then released copper ions.Finally,the nanoparticles contributed to cuprotosis and immunogenic death.In addition,the editor could inhibit murine oral cancer 1(MOC1)tumors in C57BL/6 without toxicity.The rate of tumor growth inhibition was as high as approximately 80%.This strategy provides a new idea for immunotherapy.Moreover,it can improve the interaction between immunotherapy and the copper-induced death of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Above all,this study will provide a new opportunity for the effective treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Dentin-desensitizing biomaterials

Dentin hypersensitivity(DH)associated with dentinal tubule exposure is one of the most common causes of toothache with a rapid onset and short duration.Medication,filling repair,laser irradiation,crown therapy,and desensitizing toothpaste are standard clinical treatment strategies,but unsatisfactory treatment modalities are marked by long-term administration,poor dentinal tubule closure,microleakage,and the development of secondary caries.To improve the treatment efficiency of DH,numerous organic or inorganic biomaterials have been developed to relieve toothache and reverse the instability of desensitization.Biomaterials are expected to participate in dental remineralization to achieve desensitization.This review discusses various biomaterials for DH therapy based on different desensitization mechanisms,including dentinal tubule closure and dental nerve blockade,and presents a perspective on the underlying future of dentin regeneration medicine for DH therapy.

Functional biomaterials for comprehensive periodontitis therapy

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection directly, and the dysregulation of host immune-inflammatory response finally destroys periodontal tissues. Current treatment strategies for periodontitis mainly involve mechanical scaling/root planing(SRP), surgical procedures,and systemic or localized delivery of antimicrobial agents. However, SRP or surgical treatment alone has unsatisfactory long-term effects and is easy to relapse. In addition, the existing drugs for local periodontal therapy do not stay in the periodontal pocket long enough and have difficulties in maintaining a steady, effective concentration to obtain a therapeutic effect, and continuous administration always causes drug resistance. Many recent studies have shown that adding bio-functional materials and drug delivery systems upregulates the therapeutic effectiveness of periodontitis. This review focuses on the role of biomaterials in periodontitis treatment and presents an overview of antibacterial therapy, host modulatory therapy, periodontal regeneration, and multifunctional regulation of periodontitis therapy. Biomaterials provide advanced approaches for periodontal therapy, and it is foreseeable that further understanding and applications of biomaterials will promote the development of periodontal therapy.

Dachaihu decoction inhibits hypernutrition-induced liver metastasis from colorectal cancer by maintaining the gut vascular barrier

Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignancy and the second deadliest cancer worldwide.Metastasis to the liver,the most common metastatic site in CRC,is the leading cause of death in patients with CRC.Hyperlipidemia,which is common in patients with CRC,promotes CRC progression and metastasis.Hyperlipidemia is commonly observed in obese patients and is often induced by hypernutrition.The underlying mechanism of hypernutrition-induced hyperlipidemia in promoting CRC liver metastasis remains unclear,and there is an unmet need for effective and low-cost treatments for patients with CRC.Methods:A mouse cecum orthotopic CRC model combined with high-fat diet(HFD)feeding,was established to mimic liver metastasis in CRC in obese patients.The effects of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD),a traditional herbal medicine used to treat inflammation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,and of the conventional prescription medicine obeticholic acid(OCA)were evaluated.HFD-induced obesity,hyperlipidemia,and CRC liver metastasis were assessed,along with the histology and pathology of the liver and intestine and the expression of metabolic genes in these tissues.The effects of DCHD and OCA on HFD-induced outcomes were evaluated,and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)treated with bile acids(BAs)and DCHD were used to study the underlying mechanisms in vitro.Results:HFD-mediated obesity and hyperlipidemia promoted CRC metastasis,accompanied by disruption of the gut vascular barrier(GVB)and altered bile acid(BA)metabolism.DCHD decreased HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and liver metastasis in CRC,improving overall survival.Those effects of DCHD were equivalent to or better than those of OCA.DCHD regulated the expression of genes of BA metabolism and tight junctions(TJ)to prevent HFDinduced disruption of the GVB.In HUVECs,DCHD prevented the increases in intracellular Ca2t and accumulation of reactive oxygen species induced by primary conjugated BAs,assisting in the maintenance of redox homeostasis and preventing the downregulation of TJ proteins,thereby maintaining the integrity of the endothelial barrier.Conclusions:The data provide a link between hypernutrition and GVB disruption,which contributes to high liver metastasis in patients with CRC.DCHD may represent a novel therapy in CRC,and targeting abnormal lipid metabolism could be a promising therapeutic strategy for avoiding hypernutrition-associated CRC metastasis.

Enolic Schiff Base Zinc Amide Complexes： Highly Active Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide and ε-Caprolactone

A series of zinc silylamido complexes based upon NNO tridentate enolic Schiff base framework have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes were tested for the ring opening polymerization of lactide and e-caprolactone, exhibiting notably high activity at ambient temperature, The influence of imine bridge length and substituents of diketone over the course of polymerization was investigated in details. Remarkably, 4a was confirmed to be a rare example of exceedingly active and robust zinc catalysts, achieving major transformation of lactide under extremely low loading （0.025 mol%） within 18 rain. The influence of various monomers as well as the polymerization mechanism have also been discussed.