Perception and Knowledge on Climate Change:A Case Study of University Students in Bangladesh

This paper mainly investigates the perception and knowledge on climate change of the university students in Bangladesh.To carry out this study,primary data collected from 370 students and several statistical methods are used.Perception and knowledge on the causes,effects and mitigation ways of climate change problems,and perceived duties to combat against climate change are analyzed with descriptive statistics.This paper finds that deforestation is the main cause of global warming and climate change and,the effects of climate change is very serious on people’s health.Majority portion of the students think that it is difficult to combat against climate change problem because it has already been too late to take action.Besides this study also finds that government is crucially responsible for combating against climate change problem.The study calls for government mainly besides industry and youths to aware people about the causes,effects,mitigation ways of climate change so that they can contribute to the sustainable development by mitigating climate change problem.

Is Microfinance Beneficial or Opportunistic?

Microfinance has been established targeting access to finance for poor people who are screened out from getting loans from formal financial institutions due to lack of collateral and low creditworthiness.There has undergone a tremendous transformation in all aspects of microfinance,including outreach and portfolio size,proliferation of microfinance through a large number of microfinance institutions,diversification of services,new regulatory regime,contribution in rural development,recognition of microfinance as a major contributor in poverty reduction,etc.However,the microfinance sector is facing many challenges regarding institutional capacity,quality,and diversity of services,fallout from political and macroeconomic factors,replication of agricultural credit,and so forth.The objective of this article is to find out whether microfinance has impact on poverty reduction and economic development at all.

A cross sectional study on antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella typhi clinical isolates from Bangladesh

Objective:To investigate and compare the resistance and sensitivity of Salmonella typhi samples to commonly used antibiotics in three major divisions of Bangladesh and to evaluate the gradually developing resistance pattern.Methods:The antibiotic susceptibility of 70 clinical isolates collected from blood,sputum,urine and pus samples were identified by specific antisera and with standard biochemical tests.The patients were divided into 5 age groups.Susceptibility and resistance was also tested by KirbyBauer disc-diffusion method using 12 regularly used antibiotics.Results:Antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that 64.28%isolates of Salmonella typhi were multidrug resistant.Present study suggests that the clinical samples were mostly resistant against nalidixic acid with all age groups and in all three divisions with similar resistance pattern.Resistance is more common among adult people(30-40 years)and children(0-10 years).Salmonella typhi was mostly sensitive against gentamycin,chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions:Although the population density of Dhaka region is markedly higher than Rajshahi and Chittagong regions,no significant difference in resistance pattern was found.The rate of multidrug resistance is a matter of concern.Physicians should reconsider before prescribing nalidixic acid and cefixime.Further molecular study is needed to reveal the genomic and proteomic basis of resistance.

Vector Autoregressive （VAR） Modeling and Projection of DSE

In this paper, vector autoregressive （VAR） models have been recognized for the selected indicators of Dhaka stock exchange （DSE）. Bangladesh uses the micro economic variables, such as stock trade, invested stock capital, stock volume, current market value, and DSE general indexes which have the direct impact on DSE prices. The data were collected for the period from June 2004 to July 2013 as the basis on daily scale. But to get the maximum explorative information and reduction of volatility, the data have been transformed to the monthly scale. The outliers and extreme values of the study variables are detected through box and whisker plot. To detect the unit root property of the study variables, various unit root tests have been applied. The forecast performance of the different VAR models is compared to have the minimum residual. Moreover, the dynamics of this financial market is analyzed through Granger causality and impulse response analysis.

Earnings per Share: Do We Get Relevant Information?

This paper attempts to examine the level of disclosures of information to Earnings per Share(EPS).Research was conducted through detailed analysis of the disclosures of the financial statements of the listed textiles companies of Dhaka Stock Exchange(DSE).We collected and analyzed the annual reports of 29 listed textiles companies of Bangladesh.We used the disclosures checklist to find out the compliance level of disclosures for EPS and find that the absence of relevant information about EPS.This paper provides insight from their reality of EPS disclosures by the textile companies.It will also contribute to the literature of required disclosures compliance of the developing countries like Bangladesh.

ARIMA With GARCH Family Modeling and Projection on Share Volume of DSE

A suitable statistical model has been explored for the investors as well as the researchers to resolve the future estimation of share volume by using daily stock volume data from Dhaka Stock Exchange （DSE）. The daily volume data from the June 1, 2004 to April 19, 2010 were retrieved from DSE website as a secondary data source. The Maximum Likelihood---Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity （ARCH） （Marquardt） method has been applied to construct the models for the stock volume data of DSE by using statistical package software E-Views of verson-5. First of all, an ＂Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average （ARIMA） model＂ was fitted and observed that heteroscedastic volatilities were still present there. To eliminate this dilemma, ARCH class of volatility models has been used and finally the ARIMA with EGARCH model has been explored. Findings of this study have recognized that ARIMA with EGARCH model implies low mean square error, low mean absolute error, low bias proportion, and low variance proportion for share volume data with comparing to other models. Hence, the modelling concept established in this study would be a decisive study for the investors as well as the researchers.

Improved voltage tracking of autonomous microgrid technology using a combined resonant controller with lead-lag compensator adopting negative imaginary theorem

Growing application of distributed generation units at remote places has led to the evolution of microgrid(MG)technology.When an MG system functions independently,i.e.,in autonomous mode,unpredictable loads and uncertainties emerge throughout the system.To obtain stable and flexible operation of an autonomous MG,a rigid control mechanism is needed.In this paper,a robust high-performance controller is introduced to improve the performance of voltage tracking of an MG system and to eliminate stability problems.A combination of a resonant controller and a lead-lag compensator in a positive position feedback path is designed,one which obeys the negative imaginary(NI)theorem,for both single-phase and three-phase autonomous MG systems.The controller has excellent tracking performance.This is investigated through considering various uncertainties with different load dynamics.The feasibility and effectiveness of the controller are also determined with a comparative analysis with some well-known controllers,such as linear quadratic regulator,model predictive and NI approached resonant controllers.This confirms the superi-ority of the designed controller.

Solitary Wave Solutions to the ZKBBM Equation and the KPBBM Equation via the Modified Simple Equation Method

In this article, the modified simple equation method （MSE） is used to acquire exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations （NLEEs） namely the Zakharov- Kuznetsov Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation and the Kadomtsov-Petviashvilli Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation which have widespread usage in modern science. The MSE method is ascending and useful mathematical tool for constructing exact travel- ing wave solutions to NLEEs in the field of science and engineering. By means of this method we attained some significant solutions with free parameters and for special values of these parameters, we found some soliton solutions derived from the exact solutions. The solutions obtained in this article have been shown graphically and also discussed physically.