Elevated expression of mature miR-21 and miR-155 in cancerous gastric tissues from Chinese patients with gastric cancer

Objective：MicroRNA （miRNA） expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers.We sought to investigate the expression patterns of the miRNAs,miR-21,miR-145 and miR-155 in sporadic gastric cancer in a Chinese population.Methods：Total RNA was extracted from archived gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues from 20 pairs of paraffin-embedded specimens.Expression levels of miR-21,miR- 145 and miR-155 were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR using a specific stem-loop primer,with U6 as the internal reference gene.Results：The expression of miR-21 and miR-155 in gastric cancer samples was significantly higher than in paired non-cancerous samples（P〈0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference in expression levels of miR-145 between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：In Chinese sporadic gastric cancer tissues,the expressions of the oncogenic miR-21 and miR-155 were significantly up-regulated,while the expression of the tumor suppressor miR-145 was decreased,although this decrease was not statistically significant.Thus there is specificity in the miRNA expression pattern in gastric cancers in the Chinese population.

APPROXIMATE POWER OF HETEROSCEDASTICITY TEST IN NONLINEAR MODELS WITH ARIMA（0,1,0） ERRORS

This paper presents an approach for estimating power of the score test, based on an asymptotic approximation to the power of the score test under contiguous alternatives. The method is applied to the problem of power calculations for the score test of heteroscedasticity in European rabbit data （Ratkowsky, 1983）. Simulation studies are presented which indicate that the asymptotic approximation to the finite-sample situation is good over a wide range of parameter configurations.

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Molecular Structure, FT-IR and UV-vis Spectra of 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone

In the present work, both experimental and theoretical studies have been performed on the molecular structure and infrared spectra of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone （1,8- DHAQ）. The FT-IR spectra （400--4000 cm1） of 1,8-DHAQ were recorded, while density functional B3LYP calculations were employed in conjunction with the 6-31G（d） and 6-311G（d,p） basis sets to investigate the corresponding geometrical structure and infrared spectroscopic properties. Besides, the detailed interpretations of fundamental vibrations were performed on the basis of the experimental results and potential energy distribution （PED） of the vibrational modes. Optimized structure of the title compound was interpreted and compared with the earlier reported experimental values, which yielded good agreement. The measured and calculated harmonic vibrational wavenumbers were compared with each other, and they were found to be in good accordance. Furthermore, UV-vis spectra of the compound were recorded in the region of 215-500 nm, and it was found that the five intense electronic transitions predicted by the EOM-B3LYP/6-31G（d） method were largely consistent with the measured experimental data in the ethanol solution. Moreover, the calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show charge transfer within the molecule.

TESTING FOR VARYING DISPERSION OF LONGITUDINAL BINOMIAL DATA IN NONLINEAR LOGISTIC MODELS WITH RANDOM EFFECTS

In this paper, it is discussed that two tests for varying dispersion of binomial data in the framework of nonlinear logistic models with random effects, which are widely used in analyzing longitudinal binomial data. One is the individual test and power calculation for varying dispersion through testing the randomness of cluster effects, which is extensions of Dean(1992) and Commenges et al (1994). The second test is the composite test for varying dispersion through simultaneously testing the randomness of cluster effects and the equality of random-effect means. The score test statistics are constructed and expressed in simple, easy to use, matrix formulas. The authors illustrate their test methods using the insecticide data (Giltinan, Capizzi & Malani (1988)).

Variations of water's local-structure induced by solvation of NaCl

The researches on the structure of water and its changes induced by solutes are of enduring interests. The changes of the local structure of liquid water induced by NaCl solute under ambient conditions are studied and presented quantitatively with some order parameters and visualized with 2-body and 3-body correlation functions. The results show that, after the NaCl are solvated, the translational order t of water is decreased for the suppression of the second hydration shells around H20 molecules; the tetrahedral order （q） of water is also decreased and its favorite distribution peak moves from 0.76 to 0.5. In addition, the orientational freedom k and the diffusion coefficient D of water molecules are reduced because of new formed hydrogen-bonding structures between water and solvated ions.

E-C Translation of While-clauses—A Parallel-corpus-based Study

In English, as one of the most frequently used subordinators, while introduces adverbial clauses. It can indicate the meaning of time, as well as contrast, condition and concession. This study looks into the translation characteristics of while-clauses in Great Expectation by investigating its Chinese correspondences based on the data collected from English-Chinese Parallel Concordance and another Chinese version. The result reveals that the majority of while-clauses are translated by substitution and are translated into adverbial adjuncts.

A two-step quantum secure direct communication protocol with hyperentanglement

We propose a two-step quantum secure direct communication （QSDC） protocol with hyperentanglement in both the spatial-mode and the polarization degrees of freedom of photon pairs which can in principle be produced with a beta barium borate crystal. The secret message can be encoded on the photon pairs with unitary operations in these two degrees of freedom independently. This QSDC protocol has a higher capacity than the original two-step QSDC protocol as each photon pair can carry 4 bits of information. Compared with the QSDC protocol based on hyperdense coding, this QSDC protocol has the immunity to Trojan horse attack strategies with the process for determining the number of the photons in each quantum signal as it is a one-way quantum communication protocol.

Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication Network Protocol with Hyperentanglement

We propose a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) network protocol with the hyperentanglment in both the spatial-mode ad the polarization degrees of freedom of photon pairs which can in principle be produced with a beta barium borate crystal.The secret message can be encoded on the photon pairs with unitary operations in these two degrees of freedom independently.Compared with other QSDC network protocols,our QSDC network protocol has a higher capacity as each photon pair can carry 4 bits of information.Also,we discuss the security of our QSDC network protocol and its feasibility with current techniques.

The Semi-implicit Euler Method for Stochastic Pantograph Equations with Jumps

In this paper,we present the semi-implicit Euler（SIE）numerical solution for stochastic pantograph equations with jumps and prove that the SIE approximation solution converges to the exact solution in the mean-square sense under the Local Lipschitz condition.

Efficient Polarization Entanglement Purification Using Spatial Entanglement

The protocol using spatial entanglement to purify polarization entanglement by entanglement transformation between different degrees of freedom in a realistic environment is elaborated. Our analyses show that the bit-flip error can be completely purified, but the pure maximally entangled state can not be obtained ultimately if the spatial entanglement is impure. The fidelity of the purified state is decided by the spatial entanglement. Furthermore, this protocol can also be extended to purify the multi-particle Greenberg—Horne—Zeilinger （GHZ） state. It is presented that the spatial entanglement can be served as another source to improve the quality of entanglement.

Crystal formation and growth mechanism of inorganic nanomaterials in sonochemical syntheses

A clear understanding of the nucleation, growth, coarsening, the preparation of highly controlled nanostructures. Among and aggregation processes of nanomaterials is necessary to enable wet chemical synthetic methods, ultrasound-assisted preparation has become an important tool in material science. The formation and crystal growth mechanism under ultrasound is special compared with other wet chemical synthetic routes. In this review, we discussed the chemical and physical effect of ultrasound and summarized the ultrasonic effect on crystallization. The sonolysis of water and the cavitation-induced microjet impact and shockwave are the two key factors in the sonochemieal formation of inorganic nanomaterials. The ultrasonic-assisted Ostwald ripening and oriented attachment processes have been reviewed for the possible crystal growth mechanisms in the fabrication of inorganic nanostructures.

Spatio-Temporal Variability of Soil Salinity in Alluvial Plain of the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River——A Case Study

Soil salinity and hydrologic datasets were assembled to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of salinization in Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China, in the alluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The saline soil and groundwater depth data of the county in 1981 were obtained to serve as a historical reference. Electrical conductivity （EC） of 293 surface soil samples taken from 2 kin x 2 km grids in 2007 and 4{） soil profiles acquired in 2（108 was analyzed and used for comparative mapping. Ordinary kriging was applied to predict EC at unobserved locations to derive the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns and variation of soil salinity. Groundwater table data from 22 observation wells in 2008 were collected and used as input for regression kriging to predict the maximum groundwater depth of the county in 2008. Changes in the groundwater level of Fengqiu County in 27 years from 1981 to 2008 was calculated. Two quantitative criteria, the mean error or bias （ME） and the mean squared error （MSE）, were computed to assess the estimation accuracy of the kriging predictions. The results demonstrated that the soil salinity in the upper soil layers decreased dramatically and the taxonomically defined saline soils were present only in a few micro-landscapes after 27 years. Presently, the soils with relatively elevated salt content were mainly distributed in depressions along the Yellow River bed. The reduction in surface soil salinity corresponded to the locations with deepened maximum groundwater depth. It could be concluded that groundwater table recession allowed water to move deeper into the soil profile, transporting salts with it, and thus played an important role in reducing soil salinity in this region. Accumulation of salts in the soil profiles at various depths below the surface indicated that secondary soil salinization would occur when the groundwater was not controlled at a safe depth.

Edge-Fault-Tolerant Edge-Bipancyclicity of Bubble-Sort Graphs

The bubble-sort graph Bn is a bipartite graph. Kikuchi and Araki [Edge-bipancyclicity and edge-fault-tolerant bipancyclicity of bubble-sort graphs. Information Processing Letters, 100, 52- 59 （2006）] have proved that Bn is edge-bipancyclic for n ≤ 5 and Bn - F is bipancyclic when n ≥ 4 and IFI≤ n - 3. In this paper, we improve this result by showing that for any edge set F of Bn with IFI ≤ n - 3, every edge of Bn - F lies on a cycle of every even length from 6 to n! for n≤ 5 and every edge of Bn - F lies on a cycle of every even length from 8 to n! for n = 4.

Preparation and characterization of CuO nanowire arrays

CuO nanowire arrays were prepared by oxidation of copper nanowires embedded in anodic aluminum oxide （AAO） membranes. The AAO was fabricated in an oxalic acid at a constant voltage. Copper nanowires were formed in the nanopores of the AAO membranes in an electrochemical deposition process. The oxidized copper nanowires at different temperatures were studied. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of a CuO phase after calcining at 500 ？C in air for 30 h. A transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the nanowire morphologies. Raman spectra were performed to study the CuO nanowire arrays. After measuring, we found that the current–voltage curve of the CuO nanowires is nonlinear.

Robust quantum secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad over a collective-noise channel

We present two robust quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) schemes with a quantum one-time pad over a collective-noise channel. Each logical qubit is made up of two physical qubits and it is invariant over a collective-noise channel. The two photons in each logical qubit can be produced with a practically entangled source, i.e., a parametric down-conversion source with a beta barium borate crystal and a pump pulse of ultraviolet light. The information is encoded on each logical qubit with two logical unitary operations, which will not destroy the antinoise feather of the quantum systems. The receiver Bob can read out the sender's message directly with two single-photon measurements on each logical qubit, instead of Bell-state measurements, which will make these protocols more convenient in a practical application. With current technology, our two robust QSDC schemes are feasible and may be optimal ones.