The use of solid state carbothermic reduction as a precursor to the smelting of transition metal ores was examined . The advantages of the introduction of a prereduction stage include enabling the more efficient use o...The use of solid state carbothermic reduction as a precursor to the smelting of transition metal ores was examined . The advantages of the introduction of a prereduction stage include enabling the more efficient use of fines and the achievement of higher energy efficiencies. A solid state reduction using carbon as the reductant offers a simpler alternative for their treatment. Subsequent treatment of the reduced material could include intensive bath smelting to produce ferroalloys or, in some case, solid state separation of the transition metal carbide where this has commercial significance.展开更多
The experiments were carried out at 1 175-1 450 ℃ to study the phosphorus distribution ratio between molten Ca O-based slags and carbon saturated hot metal. The phosphate capacity of the slags and the activity coeffi...The experiments were carried out at 1 175-1 450 ℃ to study the phosphorus distribution ratio between molten Ca O-based slags and carbon saturated hot metal. The phosphate capacity of the slags and the activity coefficient of PO2. 5were calculated from the phosphorus distribution ratio. The effect of addition of Ca F2 and / or Ca Cl2 on the thermodynamic properties of slags was discussed. The correlation of optical basicity with phosphate capacity of slags was studied,and the dephosphorization ability of Ca O-based fluxes with various additives was compared with the results from different studies.展开更多
The heat transfer phenomena and driving forces of slag bath flow in ESR process were analyzed, and the mathematical models in ESR system were reviewed and evaluated. The electromagnetic force is the main driving force...The heat transfer phenomena and driving forces of slag bath flow in ESR process were analyzed, and the mathematical models in ESR system were reviewed and evaluated. The electromagnetic force is the main driving force for the flow formation in the ESR slag pool, and the temperature difference in the pool creates a convective flow in the system. The shape of the electrode tip has an effect on electromagnetic field distribution in slag pool, thus affects the flow pattern. Finally an improved mathematical model of slag pool flow was proposed.展开更多
文摘The use of solid state carbothermic reduction as a precursor to the smelting of transition metal ores was examined . The advantages of the introduction of a prereduction stage include enabling the more efficient use of fines and the achievement of higher energy efficiencies. A solid state reduction using carbon as the reductant offers a simpler alternative for their treatment. Subsequent treatment of the reduced material could include intensive bath smelting to produce ferroalloys or, in some case, solid state separation of the transition metal carbide where this has commercial significance.
文摘The experiments were carried out at 1 175-1 450 ℃ to study the phosphorus distribution ratio between molten Ca O-based slags and carbon saturated hot metal. The phosphate capacity of the slags and the activity coefficient of PO2. 5were calculated from the phosphorus distribution ratio. The effect of addition of Ca F2 and / or Ca Cl2 on the thermodynamic properties of slags was discussed. The correlation of optical basicity with phosphate capacity of slags was studied,and the dephosphorization ability of Ca O-based fluxes with various additives was compared with the results from different studies.
基金Project Sponsored by National Nature Science Foundation(59674031)
文摘The heat transfer phenomena and driving forces of slag bath flow in ESR process were analyzed, and the mathematical models in ESR system were reviewed and evaluated. The electromagnetic force is the main driving force for the flow formation in the ESR slag pool, and the temperature difference in the pool creates a convective flow in the system. The shape of the electrode tip has an effect on electromagnetic field distribution in slag pool, thus affects the flow pattern. Finally an improved mathematical model of slag pool flow was proposed.
