镜像量子色动力学相变解释纳赫兹随机引力波背景

Several Pulsar Timing Array(PTA)Collaborations have recently provided strong evidence for a n Hz Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background(SGWB).Here we investigate the implications of a firstorder phase transition occurring within the early Universe's dark quantum chromodynamics epoch,specifically within the framework of the mirror twin Higgs dark sector model.Our analysis indicates a distinguishable SGWB signal originating from this phase transition,which can explain the measurements obtained by PTAs.Remarkably,a significant portion of the parameter space for the SGWB signal also effectively resolves the existing tensions in both the H_(0) and S_(8) measurements in Cosmology.This intriguing correlation suggests a possible common origin of these three phenomena for 0.2<ΔN_(eff)<0.5,where the mirror dark matter component constitutes less than 30% of the total dark matter abundance.Nextgeneration CMB experiments such as CMB-S4 can test this parameter region.

Restoring cellular calcium homeostasis to rescue ER stress by 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester-loaded lipid-mPLGA hybrid-nanoparticles for acute kidney injury therapy

Early pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)-induced acute kidney injury(AKI)is dominated by intracellular calcium overload,which induces oxidative stress,intracellular energy metabolism disorder,inflammatory activation,and a series of pathologic cascaded reactions that are closely intertwined with self-amplifying and interactive feedback loops,ultimately resulting in cell damage and kidney failure.Currently,most nanomedicines originate from the perspective of antioxidant stress,which can only quench existing reactive oxide species(ROS)but cannot prevent the continuous production of ROS,resulting in insufficient efficacy.As a safe and promising drug,BAPTA-AM is hydrolyzed into BAPTA by intracellular esterase upon entering cells,which can rapidly chelate with overloaded Ca^(2+),restoring intracellular calcium homeostasis,thus inhibiting ROS regeneration at the source.Here,we designed a KTP-targeting peptide-modified yolk-shell structure of liposome–poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether-block-poly(L-lactide-co-glycolic)(mPLGA)hybrid nanoparticles(<100 nm),with the characteristics of high encapsulation rate,high colloid stability,facile modification,and prolonged blood circulation time.Once the BA/mPLGA@Lipo-KTP was targeted to the site of kidney injury,the cholesteryl hemisuccinate(CHEMS)in the phospholipid bilayer,as an acidic cholesterol ester,was protonated in the simulated inflammatory slightly acidic environment(pH 6.5),causing the liposomes to rupture and release the BA/mPLGA nanoparticles,which were then depolymerized by intracellular esterase.The BAPTA-AM was diffused and hydrolyzed to produce BAPTA,which can rapidly cut off the malignant loop of calcium overload/ROS generation at its source,blocking the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)apoptosis pathway(ATF4–CHOP–Bax/Bcl-2,Casp-12–Casp-3)and the inflammatory pathway(TNF-α–NF-κB–IL-6 axes),thus alleviating pathological changes in kidney tissue,thereby inhibiting the expression of renal tubular marker kidney injury molecule 1(Kim-1)(reduced by 82.9%)and also exhibiting prominent anti-apoptotic capability(TUNEL-positive ratio decreased from 40.2%to 8.3%),significantly restoring renal function.Overall,this research holds huge potential in the treatment of I/R injury-related diseases.

Probing light DM via the Migdal effect with spherical proportional counter

Owing to its low electronic noise and flexible target materials, the Spherical Proportional Counter(SPC)with a single electron detection threshold can be utilized to search for sub-GeV dark matter(DM). In this study, we investigate the prospects for light DM direct detection via the DM-nucleus Migdal effect in the DARKSPHERE detector. We consider different DM velocity distributions and momentum-transfer effects. For Xenon and Neon targets, we find that the DM mass mDM can be probed down to as low as m_(DM)~ O(10) MeV, and the derived bounds on the DM-nucleus scattering cross section σ_(n) are sensitive to the high-velocity tails of the DM velocity distribution,which can be altered by orders of magnitude for the different DM velocity distributions in the region mDM< 10MeV.