微生物砂浆防护粉土坡面的强度与抗侵蚀性影响因素分析

微生物砂浆表面防护处理是处理粉土边坡扬尘与水流侵蚀问题的新技术。采用微生物砂浆层对粉土表面进行防护处理试验,通过微型贯入试验、水稳定性试验以及模拟降雨冲刷试验,分析了微生物砂浆防护层厚度、CaCl_2和尿素混合胶结溶液浓度、喷洒处理遍数等参数变化对微生物砂浆表面防护层的强度、水稳定性和土壤剥蚀率等性能的影响规律。结果表明,微型贯入仪可用于微生物砂浆表面防护层的强度测定,防护层的强度、水稳定性随胶结溶液浓度和喷洒处理遍数的增长而提高,最小有效厚度为5 mm。采用浓度为0.50 mol/L胶结溶液喷洒4遍,厚5 mm的防护层能够达到贯入阻力310 kPa,防护强度比77.5,崩解率2.3%,浸水强度损失率5.4%,具备较高的强度和较好的抗崩解性与强度水稳定性。粉土边坡在微生物砂浆防护前后,土壤剥蚀率能够从大于29.6降至6.8 g/(m^2·s)以下。该研究表明,微生物砂浆层用于粉土表面防护具有较好的抗冲刷性;微生物诱导结晶的方解石形成包裹砂颗粒的胶结微结构,能够使表面防护砂浆层具备良好的抗水流侵蚀性。

Analytical solution of vacuum preloading technology combined with electroosmosis coupling considering impacts of distribution of soil’s electrical potential

Combining vacuum preloading technology and electroosmosis can improve the treatment effect of soft soil foundation by utilizing the advantages of both methods.Many studies indicate that the soil electrical potential is non-linearly distributed in the treatment process by the combined method.However,in the previous theoretical study,the non-linear-distribution impacts of soil’s electrical potential on soft soil foundation treatment have not been considered.It is always assumed to be linear distribution,which is different from the experimental results.In this paper,the coupling consolidation model of this technology under the two-dimensional plane strain condition is initially established;and the well resistance effect,the vacuum load decreasing along the soil depth and the non-linear variation of electrical potential in the soil are considered.Then,the analytical solutions of the average excess pore water pressure and soil’s consolidation degree in the anode affected area are acquired based on the soil’s electrical potential distribution.Finally,the rationality of the analytical solution is testified by conducting an experimental model test,which proves the scientificity of the analytical solution.The analytical solution is adopted to better predict the dissipation of excess pore water pressure and soil consolidation degree when using the combined technology.This study can provide a reference with more accuracy for the engineering practices of this combined technology in the future.

创新的建筑材料对建筑结构的影响

建筑形态的设立创意以及因此所带来的有针对性设计的材料,成为了建筑结构革新的影响因素.本文从建筑材料的创新运用入手,对具体项目进行了分析,重点探讨了玻璃纤维混凝土的设计实践可能,它将为未来新型材料的创新以及使用提供丰富且宝贵的经验.

微生物注浆固化粉土的微观结构与作用机理

【目的】确定微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积(MICP)技术注浆固化吹填粉土的强度效果,明确其微观控制因素与固土作用机理,为微生物固土技术应用于处理吹填粉土提供理论参考。【方法】通过不同注浆轮次微生物注浆固化吹填粉土,采用无侧限抗压试验、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析、压汞分析以及化学分析等方法,比较微生物注浆固化处理吹填粉土的强度、矿物成分、胶结CaCO_3含量、土体微观形貌和土体孔径分布等差异。【结果】对吹填粉土先后恒压注入A600=1.2的巴氏芽孢杆菌和0.1 mol/L的CaCl_2与尿素胶结溶液1~6轮后,其无侧限抗压强度较未处理土分别提高26.8%、33.0%、36.4%、39.6%、59.8%、61.8%,强度随注浆轮次的增加而增加;微生物固化吹填粉土中的主要胶结物为方解石型CaCO_3,其在土体内部起到胶结土颗粒与填充孔隙两方面作用,微生物注浆固化粉土强度随CaCO_3含量增加而增加并存在敏感阈值,当固化粉土中的CaCO_3含量超过阈值时,固化效果会显著提升,不同粉土的阈值存在差异;微生物注浆加固改变了吹填粉土的孔隙分布,直径10~300μm的孔隙显著减少,对10μm以下细小孔隙影响不大。【结论】采用微生物注浆方式固化吹填粉土是有效的。微生物注浆固化粉土的强度形成受其微观胶结结构与CaCO_3含量影响,吹填粉土的孔隙尺寸能够与巴氏芽孢杆菌的菌体尺寸相容,微生物注浆会显著减少吹填粉土中10μm以上的孔隙。