万古霉素(vancomycin)属于糖肽类抗生素,临床应用十分广泛,是治疗耐药性革兰阳性菌感染最有效的抗生素之一,其控制难治性感染的同时,也可能带来多种不良反应。其中,以红人综合征(red man syndrome, RMS)为代表的类过敏反应、Ig-E介导的...万古霉素(vancomycin)属于糖肽类抗生素,临床应用十分广泛,是治疗耐药性革兰阳性菌感染最有效的抗生素之一,其控制难治性感染的同时,也可能带来多种不良反应。其中,以红人综合征(red man syndrome, RMS)为代表的类过敏反应、Ig-E介导的超敏反应即过敏反应发生率均较高,临床后果严重,且两者临床表现、诊断方式类似,均需及时识别、干预。但2种反应发生后的治疗方法及后续是否可继续应用万古霉素有所不同,因此两者的预防、诊断及鉴别诊断十分重要。针对RMS、Ig-E介导的超敏反应的异同,本文回顾了既往相关文献,并对两者的临床表现、鉴别诊断、高风险人群识别、预防方式、治疗措施做出综述。展开更多
The effect of time delay on binary signal detection via a bistable system in the presence of white or colored Gaussian noise is investigated. By defining the bit error rate based on the solution of the approximated Fo...The effect of time delay on binary signal detection via a bistable system in the presence of white or colored Gaussian noise is investigated. By defining the bit error rate based on the solution of the approximated Fokker- Planck equation, the detector performance is investigated theoretically and is verified by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that, when the system parameter or noise intensity is optimally chosen, the increasing time delay generally improves the system performance. It is also shown that it is more difficult to accurately predict the system performance with a larger time delay and correlation time. This may inspire more thorough investigations in cooperative effects of a nonlinear system and time delay on signal processing.展开更多
文摘万古霉素(vancomycin)属于糖肽类抗生素,临床应用十分广泛,是治疗耐药性革兰阳性菌感染最有效的抗生素之一,其控制难治性感染的同时,也可能带来多种不良反应。其中,以红人综合征(red man syndrome, RMS)为代表的类过敏反应、Ig-E介导的超敏反应即过敏反应发生率均较高,临床后果严重,且两者临床表现、诊断方式类似,均需及时识别、干预。但2种反应发生后的治疗方法及后续是否可继续应用万古霉素有所不同,因此两者的预防、诊断及鉴别诊断十分重要。针对RMS、Ig-E介导的超敏反应的异同,本文回顾了既往相关文献,并对两者的临床表现、鉴别诊断、高风险人群识别、预防方式、治疗措施做出综述。
文摘The effect of time delay on binary signal detection via a bistable system in the presence of white or colored Gaussian noise is investigated. By defining the bit error rate based on the solution of the approximated Fokker- Planck equation, the detector performance is investigated theoretically and is verified by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that, when the system parameter or noise intensity is optimally chosen, the increasing time delay generally improves the system performance. It is also shown that it is more difficult to accurately predict the system performance with a larger time delay and correlation time. This may inspire more thorough investigations in cooperative effects of a nonlinear system and time delay on signal processing.
