Lunar In Situ Large-Scale Construction:Quantitative Evaluation of Regolith Solidification Techniques

Lunar habitat construction is crucial for successful lunar exploration missions.Due to the limitations of transportation conditions,extensive global research has been conducted on lunar in situ material processing techniques in recent years.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review,precise classification,and quantitative evaluation of these approaches,focusing specifically on four main approaches:reaction solidification(RS),sintering/melting(SM),bonding solidification(BS),and confinement formation(CF).Eight key indicators have been identified for the construction of low-cost and highperformance systems to assess the feasibility of these methods:in situ material ratio,curing temperature,curing time,implementation conditions,compressive strength,tensile strength,curing dimensions,and environmental adaptability.The scoring thresholds are determined by comparing the construction requirements with the actual capabilities.Among the evaluated methods,regolith bagging has emerged as a promising option due to its high in situ material ratio,low time requirement,lack of hightemperature requirements,and minimal shortcomings,with only the compressive strength falling below the neutral score.The compressive strength still maintains a value of 2–3 MPa.The proposed construction scheme utilizing regolith bags offers numerous advantages,including rapid and large-scale construction,ensured tensile strength,and reduced reliance on equipment and energy.In this study,guidelines for evaluating regolith solidification techniques are provided,and directions for improvement are offered.The proposed lunar habitat design based on regolith bags is a practical reference for future research.

基于原位资源利用的火星基地建造方案

火星是太阳系内最接近地球环境的星球,具有非常重要的战略价值与意义。随着“天问一号”一次性完成火星“绕、落、巡”三大任务,火星基地建造便成为推进我国深空探测过程的下一重要目标。通过调研现有文献中火星环境和资源条件,并将其与月球、地球条件进行对比分析,提出了火星建造亟需解决的特有难题。基于调研,适用于火星的建造技术包括挖掘建造、化学气相沉积成型、熔融沉积成型、火壤粘接成型等;提出了一种基于原位资源的火星基地自动化建造方案——中华穹顶,即采用充气气囊、碳纤维骨架、硫磺混凝土外覆层和组合舱门的形式,为火星基地建造提供了一个技术思路。

面向月面原位建造的模拟月壤太阳聚光熔融试验研究

基于探月工程的月面自动化建造需要,面向月面原位资源与能源的利用问题,研究了以太阳光直接聚光熔融固化月壤技术方案,展现了在月面利用太阳光和月壤进行建造的应用潜力.采用菲涅尔透镜进行聚光熔融固化模拟月壤CUG-1A,采用自主搭建的试验设备进行了熔融固化成型,研究了成形过程工艺参数,分析了影响成形结果相关因素,提出了试验条件下模拟月壤单层熔融固化的最优参数方案.在此基础上,对成形样件进行了微观几何形态和化学成分分析,进一步解释了此种月壤固化成形方法的机理.本研究验证了太阳能聚光熔融固化月壤建造的有效性,形成了原理样机,并提出了相应工艺参数,为探月与月面建造提供了技术参考.

基于月面原位资源的月球基地建造技术

月球基地建造对人类长期驻月具有重要意义。在调研了月球基地建造环境条件和资源条件的基础上认为充分利用月壤进行原位建造是现实可行的技术方案,具有方便经济、性能优越等优点。目前基于月壤的建造技术研究主要分为向下挖掘和向上搭建两类,其中向上搭建技术有不同技术途径,包括月壤混凝土、月壤烧结、月壤黏结、月壤袋约束等。基于对已有技术的分析,提出一种新的月球基地原位建造方案,综合利用月壤混凝土打印、月壤袋约束等技术,主要采用原位资源进行自动化建造,为月面建造提供了一个技术思路。