Charge-based studies,in particular investigations of mass distribution,are still almost absent,although the efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle(ORC)has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention.This paper aims...Charge-based studies,in particular investigations of mass distribution,are still almost absent,although the efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle(ORC)has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention.This paper aims to provide a new perspective on the intrinsic relationship among the mass distribution,phase-zone distribution in the heat exchanger(HEX),charge of working fuid(WF),rotation speed of the pump(RSP),and system performance.A comprehensive ORC simulation model is presented by linking each component's sub-models,including the independent models for HEX,pump,and expander in an object-oriented fashion.The visualization study of mass distribution of the WF in the system is investigated under different working conditions.Furthermore,the volume and mass of the gas phase,two-phase and liquid phase of WF in the HEX and their variation rules are analyzed in-depth.Finally,the strategies of charge reduction considering HEX areas and pipe sizes are investigated.The results show that the model based on the interior-point method provides high levels of accuracy and robustness.The mass ratio of the WF is concentrated in the liquid receiver,especially in the regenerator,which is 32.9%and 21.9%of the total mass,respectively.Furthermore,2.4 kg(6.9%)WF in the system gradually migrates to the high-temperature side as the RSP increases while 6.1 kg(17.4%)WF migrates to the low-temperature side,especially to the condenser,as the charge in the system increases.Output power and efficiency both decrease gradually after the peak due to changes in RSP and charge.Last,reducing heat transfer areas of the condenser and regenerator is the most effective way to reduce WF charge.展开更多
Frosting is an inevitable adverse phenomenon in many fields such as industrial refrigeration,cryo-genics,and heat pump air conditioning,which may influence the efficiency of the equipment and increase the energy consu...Frosting is an inevitable adverse phenomenon in many fields such as industrial refrigeration,cryo-genics,and heat pump air conditioning,which may influence the efficiency of the equipment and increase the energy consumption of the system.The complicated louvered-fin structure and fuid-channels arrangements of the microchannel heat exchanger(HEX)will affect the heat transfer performance and frosting characteristics.First,this article analyzes different factors such as refrigerant distribution,refrigerant fow pattern,and HEX surface temperature distribution.Further,combined with the features of the microchannel HEX,the existing anti-frosting technologies and various methods of surface treatment for anti-frosting are summarized.The review focuses on the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces and their superior properties.Furthermore,the internal mechanism is analyzed in conjunction with the relevant research of our group.Superhydrophobic character has excellent anti-frosting performance and heat transfer performance,which is of great significance for improving energy-saving and system performance.Finally,the future development of superhydrophobic surface technology is analyzed and prospected.展开更多
文摘Charge-based studies,in particular investigations of mass distribution,are still almost absent,although the efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle(ORC)has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention.This paper aims to provide a new perspective on the intrinsic relationship among the mass distribution,phase-zone distribution in the heat exchanger(HEX),charge of working fuid(WF),rotation speed of the pump(RSP),and system performance.A comprehensive ORC simulation model is presented by linking each component's sub-models,including the independent models for HEX,pump,and expander in an object-oriented fashion.The visualization study of mass distribution of the WF in the system is investigated under different working conditions.Furthermore,the volume and mass of the gas phase,two-phase and liquid phase of WF in the HEX and their variation rules are analyzed in-depth.Finally,the strategies of charge reduction considering HEX areas and pipe sizes are investigated.The results show that the model based on the interior-point method provides high levels of accuracy and robustness.The mass ratio of the WF is concentrated in the liquid receiver,especially in the regenerator,which is 32.9%and 21.9%of the total mass,respectively.Furthermore,2.4 kg(6.9%)WF in the system gradually migrates to the high-temperature side as the RSP increases while 6.1 kg(17.4%)WF migrates to the low-temperature side,especially to the condenser,as the charge in the system increases.Output power and efficiency both decrease gradually after the peak due to changes in RSP and charge.Last,reducing heat transfer areas of the condenser and regenerator is the most effective way to reduce WF charge.
文摘Frosting is an inevitable adverse phenomenon in many fields such as industrial refrigeration,cryo-genics,and heat pump air conditioning,which may influence the efficiency of the equipment and increase the energy consumption of the system.The complicated louvered-fin structure and fuid-channels arrangements of the microchannel heat exchanger(HEX)will affect the heat transfer performance and frosting characteristics.First,this article analyzes different factors such as refrigerant distribution,refrigerant fow pattern,and HEX surface temperature distribution.Further,combined with the features of the microchannel HEX,the existing anti-frosting technologies and various methods of surface treatment for anti-frosting are summarized.The review focuses on the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces and their superior properties.Furthermore,the internal mechanism is analyzed in conjunction with the relevant research of our group.Superhydrophobic character has excellent anti-frosting performance and heat transfer performance,which is of great significance for improving energy-saving and system performance.Finally,the future development of superhydrophobic surface technology is analyzed and prospected.
