A moist thermodynamic advection parameter, defined as an absolute value of the dot product of hori- zontal gradients of three-dimensional potential temperature advection and general potential temperature, is introduce...A moist thermodynamic advection parameter, defined as an absolute value of the dot product of hori- zontal gradients of three-dimensional potential temperature advection and general potential temperature, is introduced to diagnose frontal heavy rainfall events in the north of China. It is shown that the parameter is closely related to observed 6-h accumulative surface rainfall and simulated cloud hydrometeors. Since the parameter is capable of describing the typical vertical structural characteristics of dynamic, thermodynamic and water vapor fields above a strong precipitation region near the front surface, it may serve as a physical tracker to detect precipitable weather systems near to a front. A tendency equation of the parameter was derived in Cartesian coordinates and calculated with the simulation output data of a heavy rainfall event. Results revealed that the advection of the parameter by the three-dimensional velocity vector, the covariance of potential temperature advection by local change of the velocity vector and general potential temperature, and the interaction between potential temperature advection and the source or sink of general potential temperature, accounted for local change in the parameter. This indicated that the parameter was determined by a combination of dynamic processes and cloud microphysical processes.展开更多
The track of Typhoon Haitang (0505), which passed through the Taiwan Island and landed again, has been successfully simulated by using the non-hydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric model MM5. Its structure is analyzed on ...The track of Typhoon Haitang (0505), which passed through the Taiwan Island and landed again, has been successfully simulated by using the non-hydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric model MM5. Its structure is analyzed on the landing stage, and it is found that there exist good relationships between the typhoon abnormal moving track and its asymmetry structure. The effect of terrain of Taiwan Island on the typhoon Haitang, which made it rotate before landing and present a"V"type abnormal moving track in Taiwan straits, has also been simulated. Further analysis shows that the terrain of Taiwan Island not only directly affects the typhoon moving track, but also changes the typhoon track by affecting its asymmetric structure. Therefore, the typhoon asymmetric structure and the effect of terrain of Taiwan Island together results in the abnormal rotating track. The terrain of Taiwan Island tends to increase the SW-NE asymmetric structure of the typhoon and has different effect on SE-NW asymmetric structure during the landfall process of typhoon Haitang before entering and moving out of the Taiwan straits.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB421505)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40875032 and 40875002)+1 种基金the National Science and Technology Project (GYH200706042)the Knowledge Creative Project of CAS (IAP07201)
文摘A moist thermodynamic advection parameter, defined as an absolute value of the dot product of hori- zontal gradients of three-dimensional potential temperature advection and general potential temperature, is introduced to diagnose frontal heavy rainfall events in the north of China. It is shown that the parameter is closely related to observed 6-h accumulative surface rainfall and simulated cloud hydrometeors. Since the parameter is capable of describing the typical vertical structural characteristics of dynamic, thermodynamic and water vapor fields above a strong precipitation region near the front surface, it may serve as a physical tracker to detect precipitable weather systems near to a front. A tendency equation of the parameter was derived in Cartesian coordinates and calculated with the simulation output data of a heavy rainfall event. Results revealed that the advection of the parameter by the three-dimensional velocity vector, the covariance of potential temperature advection by local change of the velocity vector and general potential temperature, and the interaction between potential temperature advection and the source or sink of general potential temperature, accounted for local change in the parameter. This indicated that the parameter was determined by a combination of dynamic processes and cloud microphysical processes.
基金Key Subsidiary Project for Meteorological Science of Wenzhou (S200601)
文摘The track of Typhoon Haitang (0505), which passed through the Taiwan Island and landed again, has been successfully simulated by using the non-hydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric model MM5. Its structure is analyzed on the landing stage, and it is found that there exist good relationships between the typhoon abnormal moving track and its asymmetry structure. The effect of terrain of Taiwan Island on the typhoon Haitang, which made it rotate before landing and present a"V"type abnormal moving track in Taiwan straits, has also been simulated. Further analysis shows that the terrain of Taiwan Island not only directly affects the typhoon moving track, but also changes the typhoon track by affecting its asymmetric structure. Therefore, the typhoon asymmetric structure and the effect of terrain of Taiwan Island together results in the abnormal rotating track. The terrain of Taiwan Island tends to increase the SW-NE asymmetric structure of the typhoon and has different effect on SE-NW asymmetric structure during the landfall process of typhoon Haitang before entering and moving out of the Taiwan straits.
