利用风廓线雷达高时空分辨率资料,对2012年4月在广州出现两次暴雨期间低空流场的主要特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在暴雨发生前,动量由高空迅速下传,且不断增强,使得强风速不断下传,导致低空急流的建立及增强,从而使得上下层垂直风切...利用风廓线雷达高时空分辨率资料,对2012年4月在广州出现两次暴雨期间低空流场的主要特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在暴雨发生前,动量由高空迅速下传,且不断增强,使得强风速不断下传,导致低空急流的建立及增强,从而使得上下层垂直风切变增大,正涡度环流加强,为暴雨的产生提供了很好的动力条件,当伴随有西南暖湿气流输送的水汽条件时,触发了暴雨的产生;(2)低空急流指数I值的脉动与强降水的发生有密切关系,在每次强降水发生前1~2 h I值都会迅速增大,强降水发生后I值迅速减小;(3)低层风场垂直切变增强以及出现极值的时间与急流下传及出现极值的时间具有较好的时间、空间对应关系,说明正是由于低空急流的下传、增强,导致了风场垂直切变的增强,且局部垂直风切变要比平均垂直风切变大得多。展开更多
Based on the observations of a squall line on 11 May 2020 and stratiform precipitation on 6 June 2020 from two X-band dual-polarization phased array weather radars(DP-PAWRs)and an S-band dual-polarization Doppler weat...Based on the observations of a squall line on 11 May 2020 and stratiform precipitation on 6 June 2020 from two X-band dual-polarization phased array weather radars(DP-PAWRs)and an S-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar(CINRAD/SA-D),the data reliability of DP-PAWR and its ability to detect the fine structures of mesoscale weather systems were assessed.After location matching,the observations of DP-PAWR and CINRAD/SA-D were compared in terms of reflectivity(Z_(H)),radial velocity(V),differential reflectivity(Z_(DR)),and specific differential phase(K_(DP)).The results showed that:(1)DP-PAWR has better ability to detect mesoscale weather systems than CINRAD/SAD;the multi-elevation-angles scanning of the RHI mode enables DP-PAWR to obtain a wider detection range in the vertical direction.(2)DP-PAWR’s Z_(H)and V structures are acceptable,while its sensitivity is worse than that of CINRAD/SA-D.The Z H suffers from attenuation and the Z_(H)area distribution is distorted around strong rainfall regions.(3)DP-PAWR’s Z_(DR)is close to a normal distribution but slightly smaller than that of CINRAD/SA-D.The K_(DP)products of DP-PAWR have much higher sensitivity,showing a better indication of precipitation.(4)DP-PAWR is capable of revealing a detailed and complete structure of the evolution of the whole storm and the characteristics of particle phase variations during the process of triggering and enhancement of a small cell in the front of a squall line,as well as the merging of the cell with the squall line,which cannot be observed by CINRAD/SA-D.With its fast volume scan feature and dual-polarization detection capability,DP-PAWR shows great potential in further understanding the development and evolution mechanisms of meso-γ-scale and microscale weather systems.展开更多
针对2016年3月19日发生在广州北部的从化和花都地区的一次冰雹过程,基于广州S波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达和花都风廓线雷达以及NCEP再分析资料,详细分析此次过程的天气背景和雷达回波及雷达参量演变特征。结果表明,在此次冰雹过程中,回...针对2016年3月19日发生在广州北部的从化和花都地区的一次冰雹过程,基于广州S波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达和花都风廓线雷达以及NCEP再分析资料,详细分析此次过程的天气背景和雷达回波及雷达参量演变特征。结果表明,在此次冰雹过程中,回波强度普遍大于50 d Bz,回波顶高在10 km以上,有明显的三体散射、气旋式辐合、高层回波悬垂和强风暴顶辐散等特征。双线偏振雷达各偏振参量(反射率因子ZDR、单位差分传播相移KDP和相关系数ρHV)反映出冰雹云的典型特征:在基本反射率大、ZDR小、ρHV小的区域出现冰雹,ZDR值通常为-1.0~0.2,ρHV值普遍为0.7~0.9;ρHV和ZDR在低仰角的表现比高仰角更有效;KDP有一定指示意义,但判别效果不明显。采用的双线偏振雷达算法产品识别粒子相态结果容易出现空报现象。展开更多
文摘利用风廓线雷达高时空分辨率资料,对2012年4月在广州出现两次暴雨期间低空流场的主要特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在暴雨发生前,动量由高空迅速下传,且不断增强,使得强风速不断下传,导致低空急流的建立及增强,从而使得上下层垂直风切变增大,正涡度环流加强,为暴雨的产生提供了很好的动力条件,当伴随有西南暖湿气流输送的水汽条件时,触发了暴雨的产生;(2)低空急流指数I值的脉动与强降水的发生有密切关系,在每次强降水发生前1~2 h I值都会迅速增大,强降水发生后I值迅速减小;(3)低层风场垂直切变增强以及出现极值的时间与急流下传及出现极值的时间具有较好的时间、空间对应关系,说明正是由于低空急流的下传、增强,导致了风场垂直切变的增强,且局部垂直风切变要比平均垂直风切变大得多。
基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515010602)Special Fund of China Meteorological Administration for Innovation and Development(CXFZ2022J063)+4 种基金Special Fund for Forecasters of China Meteorological Administration(CMAYBY2019-082)Science and Technology Planning Program of Guangzhou(201903010101)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B1111200001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42075190,41875182)Radar Application and Shortterm Severe-weather Predictions and Warnings Technology Program(GRMCTD202002)。
文摘Based on the observations of a squall line on 11 May 2020 and stratiform precipitation on 6 June 2020 from two X-band dual-polarization phased array weather radars(DP-PAWRs)and an S-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar(CINRAD/SA-D),the data reliability of DP-PAWR and its ability to detect the fine structures of mesoscale weather systems were assessed.After location matching,the observations of DP-PAWR and CINRAD/SA-D were compared in terms of reflectivity(Z_(H)),radial velocity(V),differential reflectivity(Z_(DR)),and specific differential phase(K_(DP)).The results showed that:(1)DP-PAWR has better ability to detect mesoscale weather systems than CINRAD/SAD;the multi-elevation-angles scanning of the RHI mode enables DP-PAWR to obtain a wider detection range in the vertical direction.(2)DP-PAWR’s Z_(H)and V structures are acceptable,while its sensitivity is worse than that of CINRAD/SA-D.The Z H suffers from attenuation and the Z_(H)area distribution is distorted around strong rainfall regions.(3)DP-PAWR’s Z_(DR)is close to a normal distribution but slightly smaller than that of CINRAD/SA-D.The K_(DP)products of DP-PAWR have much higher sensitivity,showing a better indication of precipitation.(4)DP-PAWR is capable of revealing a detailed and complete structure of the evolution of the whole storm and the characteristics of particle phase variations during the process of triggering and enhancement of a small cell in the front of a squall line,as well as the merging of the cell with the squall line,which cannot be observed by CINRAD/SA-D.With its fast volume scan feature and dual-polarization detection capability,DP-PAWR shows great potential in further understanding the development and evolution mechanisms of meso-γ-scale and microscale weather systems.
文摘针对2016年3月19日发生在广州北部的从化和花都地区的一次冰雹过程,基于广州S波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达和花都风廓线雷达以及NCEP再分析资料,详细分析此次过程的天气背景和雷达回波及雷达参量演变特征。结果表明,在此次冰雹过程中,回波强度普遍大于50 d Bz,回波顶高在10 km以上,有明显的三体散射、气旋式辐合、高层回波悬垂和强风暴顶辐散等特征。双线偏振雷达各偏振参量(反射率因子ZDR、单位差分传播相移KDP和相关系数ρHV)反映出冰雹云的典型特征:在基本反射率大、ZDR小、ρHV小的区域出现冰雹,ZDR值通常为-1.0~0.2,ρHV值普遍为0.7~0.9;ρHV和ZDR在低仰角的表现比高仰角更有效;KDP有一定指示意义,但判别效果不明显。采用的双线偏振雷达算法产品识别粒子相态结果容易出现空报现象。
