数字鸿沟对农村居民非农就业质量的影响研究

提高农民工就业质量是实现共同富裕的关键保障。随着数字技术的快速发展,数字鸿沟问题在农村居民内部普遍存在,由此带来的信息红利差异对农村居民就业质量具有重要影响。本文利用中国劳动力动态调查数据库(CLDS)最新的2018年的微观数据,采用Logistic回归分析法,探究数字鸿沟对农村居民非农就业质量的影响,研究发现,缩小数字鸿沟有利于提高农村居民非农就业质量,这种影响在受教育程度高和有技能证书的农村居民中更大。中介效应分析结果表明,缩小数字鸿沟可提高职业匹配程度,进而提升农村居民非农就业质量。因此,为了提升农村居民非农就业质量,有必要进一步提升农村居民的数字素养和技能,完善农村数字基础设施建设,加强对农村居民的职业指导和职业规划,增强数字经济对高人力资本水平农村居民的就业提升效应,提高其职业匹配度。Improving the quality of employment for rural workers is a key guarantee for achieving common prosperity. With the rapid development of digital technology, the problem of digital divide prevails within rural residents, and the resulting difference in information dividend has an important impact on the quality of rural residents’ employment. Using the latest 2018 microdata from the China Labour Force Dynamics Survey Database (CLDS), this paper employs logistic regression analysis to explore the impact of the digital divide on the quality of non-farm employment for rural residents, and finds that narrowing the digital divide is conducive to improving the quality of non-farm employment for rural residents, and that this impact is greater among rural residents with high levels of education and skill certificates. The results of the mediation effect analysis show that narrowing the digital divide can improve the degree of occupational matching, which in turn enhances the quality of rural residents’ non-farm employment. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of rural residents’ non-farm employment, it is necessary to further enhance rural residents’ digital literacy and skills, improve the construction of rural digital infrastructure, strengthen vocational guidance and career planning for rural residents, and enhance the employment-enhancing effect of the digital economy on rural residents with high levels of human capital, so as to increase the degree of occupational matching.

电商赋能乡村产业振兴的作用机理分析

“数商兴农”深入实施,电商惠农机制持续创新,电子商务在乡村蓬勃发展,正在成为稳增长、保民生的“强心剂”和助力农村经济持续发展的“稳定器”。本文在概括电子商务在农村建设发展现状的基础上,分析了电子商务赋能乡村产业振兴的作用机理。研究发现,电子商务以其电商大数据为关键要素,以电商直播营销技术为核心驱动力量,以电商平台以及电商物流配送网等基础设施为载体,赋能乡村的资源要素优化配置、农村小市场与城市市场有效对接一、二、三产业融合发展,进而促进农业增产、农村增值和农民增收,最终助推乡村产业振兴。基于此,各农村地区应进一步在信息共享、市场对接、产业融合等方面构建电商与乡村产业深度融合机制,从而全面有效推进乡村产业振兴。With the in-depth implementation of “developing agriculture through business”, the mechanism of e-commerce benefiting farmers continues to innovate, and e-commerce is booming in rural areas, which is becoming a “cardiotonic agent” to stabilize growth and protect people’s livelihood and a “stabilizer” to help the sustainable development of rural economy. This paper analyzes the mechanism of e-commerce enabling rural industrial revitalization on the basis of the current situation of e-commerce development in rural areas. It is found that e-commerce, with its e-commerce big data as the key element, e-commerce live marketing technology as the core driving force, e-commerce platforms and e-commerce logistics and distribution networks and other infrastructures as a carrier, enables the optimal allocation of resource elements in the countryside, the effective docking between rural small markets and urban markets, and the integration of one, two, and three industries, thus promoting agricultural production, rural value-added, and farmers’ income, and ultimately boosting the revitalization of rural industries. The optimization of resource factors is a key factor in the revitalization of rural industries. Based on this, each rural area should further build a deep integration mechanism between e-commerce and rural industry in terms of information sharing, market docking and industrial integration, so as to comprehensively and effectively promote the revitalization of rural industry.