采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分...采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分解活化能和热分解产物进行了分析。结果表明,纳米TATB的表观热分解活化能(ES=341.2 k J/mol)相比原料TATB(ES=354.4 k J/mol)降低了13.2 k J/mol,说明纳米TATB的反应活性更高。纳米TATB的主要分解产物为CO_2,同时伴有一定量的N_2O和NO_2生成。热感度实验表明,纳米TATB的5 s爆发点(T5s)高于原料TATB的T5s,说明纳米TATB的热稳定性更高。展开更多
Sol-gel method was employed to combine Al and iron-oxide to form nanocomposites (nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3). SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to characterize the nanocomposites and the results in...Sol-gel method was employed to combine Al and iron-oxide to form nanocomposites (nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3). SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to characterize the nanocomposites and the results indicated that nano-Al and micro-Al were compactly wrapped by amorphous iron-oxide nanoparticles (about 20 nm), respectively. The iron-oxide showed the mass ratio of Fe to O as similar as that in Fe2O3. Thermal analyses were performed on two nanocomposites, and four simple mixtures (nano-Al+xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3) were also analyzed. There were not apparent distinctions in the reactions of thermites fueled by nano-Al. For thermites fueled by micro-Al, the DSC peak temperatures of micro-Al/Xero-Fe2O3 were advanced by 68.1 ℃ and 76.8 ℃ compared with micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3, respectively. Four thermites, namely, nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3, were heated from ambient temperature to 1020 ℃, during which the products at 660 ℃ and 1020 ℃ were collected and analyzed by XRD. Crystals of Fe, FeAl2O4, Fe3O4,α-Fe2O3, Al,γ-Fe2O3, Al2.667O4, FeO andα-Al2O3 were indexed in XRD patterns. For each thermite, according to the specific products, the possible equations were given. Based on the principle of the minimum free energy, the most reasonable equations were inferred from the possible reactions.展开更多
文摘采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分解活化能和热分解产物进行了分析。结果表明,纳米TATB的表观热分解活化能(ES=341.2 k J/mol)相比原料TATB(ES=354.4 k J/mol)降低了13.2 k J/mol,说明纳米TATB的反应活性更高。纳米TATB的主要分解产物为CO_2,同时伴有一定量的N_2O和NO_2生成。热感度实验表明,纳米TATB的5 s爆发点(T5s)高于原料TATB的T5s,说明纳米TATB的热稳定性更高。
基金Project(51206081)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Sol-gel method was employed to combine Al and iron-oxide to form nanocomposites (nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3). SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to characterize the nanocomposites and the results indicated that nano-Al and micro-Al were compactly wrapped by amorphous iron-oxide nanoparticles (about 20 nm), respectively. The iron-oxide showed the mass ratio of Fe to O as similar as that in Fe2O3. Thermal analyses were performed on two nanocomposites, and four simple mixtures (nano-Al+xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3) were also analyzed. There were not apparent distinctions in the reactions of thermites fueled by nano-Al. For thermites fueled by micro-Al, the DSC peak temperatures of micro-Al/Xero-Fe2O3 were advanced by 68.1 ℃ and 76.8 ℃ compared with micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3, respectively. Four thermites, namely, nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3, were heated from ambient temperature to 1020 ℃, during which the products at 660 ℃ and 1020 ℃ were collected and analyzed by XRD. Crystals of Fe, FeAl2O4, Fe3O4,α-Fe2O3, Al,γ-Fe2O3, Al2.667O4, FeO andα-Al2O3 were indexed in XRD patterns. For each thermite, according to the specific products, the possible equations were given. Based on the principle of the minimum free energy, the most reasonable equations were inferred from the possible reactions.