循环荷载下土体动应力响应特征及pH值变化对其影响

为探究循环荷载下土体内动应力响应特征及pH值变化对动应力累积效应的影响,对不同pH值花岗岩残积土进行了室内循环荷载试验。通过试样内埋设应力盒的方法,实时测得不同pH值试样内动应力响应值。试验结果表明:循环荷载下土中动应力和累积变形都随着循环次数的增加而增大;加载时,酸碱处理过的试样峰值应力显著增大;卸载后,碱处理过的试样残余应力也增大,且碱性越强,峰值应力和残余应力增长的幅度越大;碱性试样的动应力和变形均大于酸性试样和未经酸碱处理试样;动荷载下土体内部的附加应力滞后于应变,应变又滞后于外荷载。酸碱度的差异对花岗岩残积土的动应力响应有较大影响,实际工程中应对此问题予以重视。

Dynamic stress accumulation model of granite residual soil under cyclic loading based on small-size creep tests

The creep behaviors of granite residual soil with pre-stress of 100 kPa was investigated by a series of small size creep tests. Three different types of strain curves were obtained at different stress levels. Based on creep characteristics of the granite residual soil under different stress levels, a creep model of the granite residual soil was established by rheological theory, and related parameters of the model were determined according to the experimental data at the same time. Further on, based on the established creep model, a theoretical model of dynamic stress accumulation in the granite residual soil under cyclic loading was deduced. It is found that there is a threshold of dynamic stress accumulation in this theoretical model. The dynamic stress accumulation laws of the granite residual soil are different under different cyclic loading stress. Finally, with the dynamic stress accumulation laws in the small-size samples of granite residual soil under different cycle loading studied and the experimental results comparing with the theoretical results, it verifies the validity of the theoretical model.

污泥自身特性及主要脱水手段简介

本文对我国目前对污泥处理处置的现状与问题进行回顾,介绍污泥的自身特性,以及现在我国城市污水处理厂主要采用的污泥脱水手段,并对以后污泥脱水的进一步发展进行展望。对污泥自身特性的研究,是污泥脱水这一最终目的的基础。针对污泥脱水难的问题,以及研究更优化、高效、经济的污泥脱水手段,我们应对其进一步加强研究。