随着预报准确度要求以及同化分析循环周期的缩短,具有高时空分辨率的地面观测资料在同化系统中也越来越受到重视,而且一个好的资料同化系统应该能够给出模式近地面动力、热力和湿度状况的合理分析。利用GRAPES区域同化预报系统(GRAPES—...随着预报准确度要求以及同化分析循环周期的缩短,具有高时空分辨率的地面观测资料在同化系统中也越来越受到重视,而且一个好的资料同化系统应该能够给出模式近地面动力、热力和湿度状况的合理分析。利用GRAPES区域同化预报系统(GRAPES——Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System),在近地层Monin_Obukhov相似理论的基础上,考虑了边界层的动力和湿热力约束,建立新的地面风场观测算子。将此新方案与目前GRAPES系统使用的三次样条插值的地面同化方案进行高度场预报试验、统计试验以及降水预报的TS评分比较,结果表明,加入新方案地面风场资料同化后,预报效果和对降水的预报能力都比旧方案有所提高。展开更多
理论上,集合卡尔曼变换(ETKF——The Ensemble Trans form Kalman filter)方法产生的集合扰动在观测空间具有等概率分布的特征,这一特点恰好可以弥补业务集合预报中常用的初值生成方法——Breeding方法的不足。依据ETKF理论和方法,利用G...理论上,集合卡尔曼变换(ETKF——The Ensemble Trans form Kalman filter)方法产生的集合扰动在观测空间具有等概率分布的特征,这一特点恰好可以弥补业务集合预报中常用的初值生成方法——Breeding方法的不足。依据ETKF理论和方法,利用GRAPES-Meso中尺度模式建立了简单的基于ETKF的中尺度集合预报试验平台,并选取2005年11月8—12日出现的一次降雨过程进行集合预报试验,旨在研究ETKF方法用于集合预报时,对随时间变化的区域非线性系统,在有限集合数的条件下的特征。试验结果揭示了利用ETKF方法进行实际区域模式下集合预报的可行性及其一些基本性质,并指出试验当中存在的不足及今后研究的重点。展开更多
In order to solve the difficult problem of typhoon track prediction due to the sparsity of conventional data over the tropical ocean, in this paper, the No. 0205 typhoon Rammasun of 4-6 July 2002 is studied and an exp...In order to solve the difficult problem of typhoon track prediction due to the sparsity of conventional data over the tropical ocean, in this paper, the No. 0205 typhoon Rammasun of 4-6 July 2002 is studied and an experiment of the typhoon track prediction is made with the direct use of the Advanced TIROS-N Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) microwave radiance data in three-dimensional variational data assimilation. The prediction result shows that the experiment with the ATOVS microwave radiance data can not only successfully predict the observed fact that typhoon Rammasun moves northward and turns right, but can also simulate the action of the fast movement of the typhoon, which cannot be simulated with only conventional radiosonde data. The skill of the typhoon track prediction with the ATOVS microwave radiance data is much better than that without the ATOVS data. The typhoon track prediction of the former scheme is consistent in time and in location with the observation. The direct assimilation of展开更多
With the advances of numerical weather simulation and reduced data assimilation updating cycle,surface observation data assimilation becomes more and more important in data assimilation systems.It is widely accepted t...With the advances of numerical weather simulation and reduced data assimilation updating cycle,surface observation data assimilation becomes more and more important in data assimilation systems.It is widely accepted that a better data assimilation system should contain the restriction of thermodynamic processes in the surface layer.Therefore,in this paper,a new surface wind observation operator is utilized in Global and Regional Assimilation PrEdiction System_3D-Variance(GRAPES_3D-Var),with the restriction of thermodynamic process in the planetary boundary layer(PBL).In order to research the ability of this new surface wind observation operator in assimilation and forecasting,a series of experiments are operated by using the GRAPES model.The main results indicate that this new method of surface wind observation operator has positive impact on the forecast with the GRAPES model.展开更多
This paper introduces a variational assimilation technique for the retrieval of wind fields from Doppler radar data. The assimilated information included both the radial velocity （RV） and the movement of radar echo....This paper introduces a variational assimilation technique for the retrieval of wind fields from Doppler radar data. The assimilated information included both the radial velocity （RV） and the movement of radar echo. In this assimilation technique, the key is transforming the movement of radar echo to a new radar measuring variable- ＂apparent velocity＂ （AV）. Thus, the information of wind is added, and the indeterminacy of recovering two-dimensional wind only by AV was overcome effectively by combining RV with AV. By means of CMA GRAPES-3Dvar and CINRAD data, some experiments were performed. The results show that the method of retrieval of wind fields is useful in obtaining the construction of the weather system.展开更多
文摘随着预报准确度要求以及同化分析循环周期的缩短,具有高时空分辨率的地面观测资料在同化系统中也越来越受到重视,而且一个好的资料同化系统应该能够给出模式近地面动力、热力和湿度状况的合理分析。利用GRAPES区域同化预报系统(GRAPES——Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System),在近地层Monin_Obukhov相似理论的基础上,考虑了边界层的动力和湿热力约束,建立新的地面风场观测算子。将此新方案与目前GRAPES系统使用的三次样条插值的地面同化方案进行高度场预报试验、统计试验以及降水预报的TS评分比较,结果表明,加入新方案地面风场资料同化后,预报效果和对降水的预报能力都比旧方案有所提高。
文摘理论上,集合卡尔曼变换(ETKF——The Ensemble Trans form Kalman filter)方法产生的集合扰动在观测空间具有等概率分布的特征,这一特点恰好可以弥补业务集合预报中常用的初值生成方法——Breeding方法的不足。依据ETKF理论和方法,利用GRAPES-Meso中尺度模式建立了简单的基于ETKF的中尺度集合预报试验平台,并选取2005年11月8—12日出现的一次降雨过程进行集合预报试验,旨在研究ETKF方法用于集合预报时,对随时间变化的区域非线性系统,在有限集合数的条件下的特征。试验结果揭示了利用ETKF方法进行实际区域模式下集合预报的可行性及其一些基本性质,并指出试验当中存在的不足及今后研究的重点。
文摘In order to solve the difficult problem of typhoon track prediction due to the sparsity of conventional data over the tropical ocean, in this paper, the No. 0205 typhoon Rammasun of 4-6 July 2002 is studied and an experiment of the typhoon track prediction is made with the direct use of the Advanced TIROS-N Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) microwave radiance data in three-dimensional variational data assimilation. The prediction result shows that the experiment with the ATOVS microwave radiance data can not only successfully predict the observed fact that typhoon Rammasun moves northward and turns right, but can also simulate the action of the fast movement of the typhoon, which cannot be simulated with only conventional radiosonde data. The skill of the typhoon track prediction with the ATOVS microwave radiance data is much better than that without the ATOVS data. The typhoon track prediction of the former scheme is consistent in time and in location with the observation. The direct assimilation of
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (40675064)
文摘With the advances of numerical weather simulation and reduced data assimilation updating cycle,surface observation data assimilation becomes more and more important in data assimilation systems.It is widely accepted that a better data assimilation system should contain the restriction of thermodynamic processes in the surface layer.Therefore,in this paper,a new surface wind observation operator is utilized in Global and Regional Assimilation PrEdiction System_3D-Variance(GRAPES_3D-Var),with the restriction of thermodynamic process in the planetary boundary layer(PBL).In order to research the ability of this new surface wind observation operator in assimilation and forecasting,a series of experiments are operated by using the GRAPES model.The main results indicate that this new method of surface wind observation operator has positive impact on the forecast with the GRAPES model.
基金Supported by Research on Innovative Meteorological NWP Techniques in China (2001BA607B)Research on Monitoring and Forecasting Techniques of Landfall Typhoon in China (2001DIA20026).
文摘This paper introduces a variational assimilation technique for the retrieval of wind fields from Doppler radar data. The assimilated information included both the radial velocity （RV） and the movement of radar echo. In this assimilation technique, the key is transforming the movement of radar echo to a new radar measuring variable- ＂apparent velocity＂ （AV）. Thus, the information of wind is added, and the indeterminacy of recovering two-dimensional wind only by AV was overcome effectively by combining RV with AV. By means of CMA GRAPES-3Dvar and CINRAD data, some experiments were performed. The results show that the method of retrieval of wind fields is useful in obtaining the construction of the weather system.
