The pendent drop or standing bubble method is applied to measure the interfacial tensions between water and nonpolar fluids (n-hexane, n-heptane, nitrogen, oxygen and methane)up to 473K and 220MPa. The high pressure a...The pendent drop or standing bubble method is applied to measure the interfacial tensions between water and nonpolar fluids (n-hexane, n-heptane, nitrogen, oxygen and methane)up to 473K and 220MPa. The high pressure autoclave with t wo visual windows and the auxiliary equipment are described. The sizes(ca 2mm) and shapes of drops or bubbles are recorded with microscope and video camera. The use of digital image permits fast, precise determination of the contour parameters. The densit y values of the liquids or gases have been chosen from literature.A special program is proposed to calculate the interfacial tensions automatically from drop shape at given temperature and pressure. The interfacial tensions σ12 increase with pr essure for the twoliquid-liquid systems,but decrease with pressure for the three gas-liquid systems.展开更多
A new type of liquid membrane oscillator in which non-ionic surfactant is the key component was designed in a U type tube and monitored by a pair of Pt electrodes. The fundamental composition is 1. 0% emulsifier OP (a...A new type of liquid membrane oscillator in which non-ionic surfactant is the key component was designed in a U type tube and monitored by a pair of Pt electrodes. The fundamental composition is 1. 0% emulsifier OP (aq) / n-butanol: nitrobenzene = 1: 5 (V/ V) /0. 5mol. dm-3NaCl(aq). The molecular formula of emulsifier OP is C8H17 O(CH2CH2O) 10H. The mechanism and influence factors were studied by replacing component, changing concentration, adding additive, comparison between different experimental apparatus and auxiliary experiment. The oscillatory mechanism is repetitive formation and abrupt destruction of interface membrane of the surfactant, induced by hydrogen bond between n-butanol and emulsifier OP.展开更多
文摘The pendent drop or standing bubble method is applied to measure the interfacial tensions between water and nonpolar fluids (n-hexane, n-heptane, nitrogen, oxygen and methane)up to 473K and 220MPa. The high pressure autoclave with t wo visual windows and the auxiliary equipment are described. The sizes(ca 2mm) and shapes of drops or bubbles are recorded with microscope and video camera. The use of digital image permits fast, precise determination of the contour parameters. The densit y values of the liquids or gases have been chosen from literature.A special program is proposed to calculate the interfacial tensions automatically from drop shape at given temperature and pressure. The interfacial tensions σ12 increase with pr essure for the twoliquid-liquid systems,but decrease with pressure for the three gas-liquid systems.
文摘A new type of liquid membrane oscillator in which non-ionic surfactant is the key component was designed in a U type tube and monitored by a pair of Pt electrodes. The fundamental composition is 1. 0% emulsifier OP (aq) / n-butanol: nitrobenzene = 1: 5 (V/ V) /0. 5mol. dm-3NaCl(aq). The molecular formula of emulsifier OP is C8H17 O(CH2CH2O) 10H. The mechanism and influence factors were studied by replacing component, changing concentration, adding additive, comparison between different experimental apparatus and auxiliary experiment. The oscillatory mechanism is repetitive formation and abrupt destruction of interface membrane of the surfactant, induced by hydrogen bond between n-butanol and emulsifier OP.
