目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行...目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,选取感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),测量并评估多个ROI区域以下指标的平均值:相对脑血流量(relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF)、脑血容量(relative cerebral blood volume,rCBV)、平均通过时间(relative mean transmit time,rMTT)及达峰值时间(relative time to peak,rTTP),结合患者临床表现及脑血流评估结果,选取有手术适应证的患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥手术。手术后复查脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,测量术后rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、rTTP。术后对患者进行长期随访并应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)对患者手术前后神经功能状态进行评估。结果①43例均顺利进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,术后造影42例(97.7%)吻合口通畅,术后NIHSS评分均较术前明显降低(术前3.67±1.02,术后1周3.30±0.89,术后3个月2.88±0.96,术后12个月2.34±1.02,与术前相比,t=2.634,P=0.012,t=5.373,P=0.000,t=7.342,P=0.000),随访期间未再出现与患侧相关的脑卒中。②43例手术前后脑CT灌注成像结果显示,术前患侧rCBF较健侧明显降低[(31.37±9.29)ml.100g-1.min-1 vs.(45.41±6.91)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.921,P=0.000],rMTT、rTTP较健侧明显升高[rMTT(11.32±3.19)s vs.(8.43±1.95)s,t=5.754,P=0.000;rTTP(3.71±1.22)s vs.(2.03±0.87)s,t=9.889,P=0.000],rCBV与健侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后1周患侧rCBF较术前明显升高[术后(44.05±10.24)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.273,P=0.000],rCBV与术前差异无显著性(P>0.05),rMTT、rTTP较术前明显降低[rMTT术后(8.16±1.99)s,t=7.743,P=0.000;rTTP术后(1.88±1.29)s,t=7.333,P=0.000]。手术后患侧以上指标与健侧差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论脑CT灌注成像能够良好地评估颈动脉闭塞、大脑中动脉闭塞或严重狭窄患者的脑血流状态,基于脑CT灌注成像结果筛选脑血流动力学不稳定患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,可以改善此类患者的脑血流、临床症状。展开更多
Meningomyelocele combined with squamous cell carcinoma is rare in literature. In this article,we report the clinical and treatment of a patient with meningomyelocele and squamous cell carcinoma and discuss its mechani...Meningomyelocele combined with squamous cell carcinoma is rare in literature. In this article,we report the clinical and treatment of a patient with meningomyelocele and squamous cell carcinoma and discuss its mechanism,clinical feature,therapy and prognosis.The patient was a 11-year-old Chinese boy.At the time of his birth he was noted to have a lumbosacral meningomyelocele,which was disrupted and the cerebral spinal fluid flew out when the child was six.The wound surface abrased and exudated repeatedly.Two months before admission,the meningomyelocele was disrupted again and the condition got worse.Inspection showed a meningomyelocele in the lower lumbar region 10 cm in diameter,consisting of a cauliflower-shaped swelling and a central crater containing black slough.The area smelled foul and was constantly draining serosanguineous fluid.Magnetic resonance imaging showed meningomyelocele associa-ted with spinal dysraphism and tethered cord syndrome.After thorough preparation,operation was undertaken.A perpendicular skin incision,which was carried down to the lumbar aponeurosis,allowed the main bulk of the tumour to be undercut and removed.The quick frozen pathological examination confirmed that it was squamous cell carcinoma.The skin and subcutaneous tissue were fruther resected and the vertebral canal explored until frozen section showed the excision edge was clear.Skin closure was achieved by a bi-pedicle advancement flap,some 10 cm wide and the secondary defect was closed with a thigh skin graft.Histological examination showed that the massive outgrowth was a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.The postoperative recovery was uneventful and the wounds healed by primary intention.Although meningomyelocele combined with squamous cell carcinoma is rare in literature,the possibility of can-cerization should be considered when there is a long-term and non-healing ulcer (Marjolin ulcer) with foul smell in a meningomyelocele patient.展开更多
文摘目的探讨脑CT灌注成像在指导及评价颅内外动脉旁路移植术(颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术)治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用。方法 2008年1月～2011年12月,43例有临床缺血表现的单侧颈内动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉闭塞或大脑中动脉高度狭窄,术前进行脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,选取感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),测量并评估多个ROI区域以下指标的平均值:相对脑血流量(relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF)、脑血容量(relative cerebral blood volume,rCBV)、平均通过时间(relative mean transmit time,rMTT)及达峰值时间(relative time to peak,rTTP),结合患者临床表现及脑血流评估结果,选取有手术适应证的患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥手术。手术后复查脑血管造影及脑CT灌注成像,测量术后rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、rTTP。术后对患者进行长期随访并应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)对患者手术前后神经功能状态进行评估。结果①43例均顺利进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,术后造影42例(97.7%)吻合口通畅,术后NIHSS评分均较术前明显降低(术前3.67±1.02,术后1周3.30±0.89,术后3个月2.88±0.96,术后12个月2.34±1.02,与术前相比,t=2.634,P=0.012,t=5.373,P=0.000,t=7.342,P=0.000),随访期间未再出现与患侧相关的脑卒中。②43例手术前后脑CT灌注成像结果显示,术前患侧rCBF较健侧明显降低[(31.37±9.29)ml.100g-1.min-1 vs.(45.41±6.91)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.921,P=0.000],rMTT、rTTP较健侧明显升高[rMTT(11.32±3.19)s vs.(8.43±1.95)s,t=5.754,P=0.000;rTTP(3.71±1.22)s vs.(2.03±0.87)s,t=9.889,P=0.000],rCBV与健侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后1周患侧rCBF较术前明显升高[术后(44.05±10.24)ml.100g-1.min-1,t=-7.273,P=0.000],rCBV与术前差异无显著性(P>0.05),rMTT、rTTP较术前明显降低[rMTT术后(8.16±1.99)s,t=7.743,P=0.000;rTTP术后(1.88±1.29)s,t=7.333,P=0.000]。手术后患侧以上指标与健侧差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论脑CT灌注成像能够良好地评估颈动脉闭塞、大脑中动脉闭塞或严重狭窄患者的脑血流状态,基于脑CT灌注成像结果筛选脑血流动力学不稳定患者进行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术,可以改善此类患者的脑血流、临床症状。
文摘Meningomyelocele combined with squamous cell carcinoma is rare in literature. In this article,we report the clinical and treatment of a patient with meningomyelocele and squamous cell carcinoma and discuss its mechanism,clinical feature,therapy and prognosis.The patient was a 11-year-old Chinese boy.At the time of his birth he was noted to have a lumbosacral meningomyelocele,which was disrupted and the cerebral spinal fluid flew out when the child was six.The wound surface abrased and exudated repeatedly.Two months before admission,the meningomyelocele was disrupted again and the condition got worse.Inspection showed a meningomyelocele in the lower lumbar region 10 cm in diameter,consisting of a cauliflower-shaped swelling and a central crater containing black slough.The area smelled foul and was constantly draining serosanguineous fluid.Magnetic resonance imaging showed meningomyelocele associa-ted with spinal dysraphism and tethered cord syndrome.After thorough preparation,operation was undertaken.A perpendicular skin incision,which was carried down to the lumbar aponeurosis,allowed the main bulk of the tumour to be undercut and removed.The quick frozen pathological examination confirmed that it was squamous cell carcinoma.The skin and subcutaneous tissue were fruther resected and the vertebral canal explored until frozen section showed the excision edge was clear.Skin closure was achieved by a bi-pedicle advancement flap,some 10 cm wide and the secondary defect was closed with a thigh skin graft.Histological examination showed that the massive outgrowth was a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.The postoperative recovery was uneventful and the wounds healed by primary intention.Although meningomyelocele combined with squamous cell carcinoma is rare in literature,the possibility of can-cerization should be considered when there is a long-term and non-healing ulcer (Marjolin ulcer) with foul smell in a meningomyelocele patient.
