Based on ERA5 reanalysis data,the present study analyzed the thermal energy development mechanism and kinetic energy conversion characteristics of two extreme rainstorm processes in relation to the shallow southwest v...Based on ERA5 reanalysis data,the present study analyzed the thermal energy development mechanism and kinetic energy conversion characteristics of two extreme rainstorm processes in relation to the shallow southwest vortex in the warm-sector during a“rain-generated vortex”process and the deep southwest vortex in a“vortex-generated rain”process.The findings were as follows:(1)During the extreme rainstorm on August 11,2020(hereinafter referred to as the“8·11”process),intense surface heating and a high-energy unstable environment were observed.The mesoscale convergence system triggered convection to produce heavy rainfall,and the release of latent condensation heat generated by the rainfall promoted the formation of a southwest vortex.The significant increase(decrease)in atmospheric diabatic heating and kinetic energy preceded the increase(decrease)in vorticity.By contrast,the extreme rainstorm on August 16,2020(hereinafter referred to as the“8·16”process)involved the generation of southwest vortex in a low-energy and highhumidity environment.The dynamic uplift of the southwest vortex triggered rainfall,and the release of condensation latent heat from rainfall further strengthened the development of the southwest vortex.The significant increase(decrease)in atmospheric diabatic heating and kinetic energy exhibited a delayed progression compared to the increase(decrease)in vorticity.(2)The heating effect around the southwest vortex region was non-uniform,and the heating intensity varied in different stages.In the“8·11”process,the heating effect was the strongest in the initial stage,but weakened during the vortex's development.On the contrary,the heating effect was initially weak in the“8·16”process,and intensified during the development stage.(3)The available potential energy of the“8·11”process significantly increased in kinetic energy converted from rotational and divergent winds through baroclinic action,and the divergent wind energy continued to convert into rotational wind energy.By contrast,the“8·16”process involved the conversion of rotational wind energy into divergent wind energy,which in turn converted kinetic energy back into available potential energy,thereby impeding the further development and maintenance of the southwest vortex.展开更多
The rainstorm weather from July 15,2010 to July 18,2010 is researched by diagnosis analysis method.The results suggest that in the strong and lasting period,the upward air current in the basin is prevail and is above ...The rainstorm weather from July 15,2010 to July 18,2010 is researched by diagnosis analysis method.The results suggest that in the strong and lasting period,the upward air current in the basin is prevail and is above 300 hPa.The convergence layer during strong rainstorm period is not thick.The convergence movement of air current is under 500 hPa.In this rainstorm process,the positive vortex maximum value center of the lower layer of convection layer is perfectly corresponding to rainstorm zone.The air current convergence and divergence intensity is one magnitude larger than the turning intensity.Flux plays a leading role in the system changes process;the non-equilibrium value of the low layer of convection layer during the strong rainstorm period U<0.Strong non-equilibrium is favorable for the movement of convergence.The non-equilibrium value of the high layer of convection layer U>0,and it stimulates the divergence movement of high layer.The divergence of high layer pushes the convergence of the lower layer and thus forms strong upward movement.展开更多
通过对比分析2013年7月四川盆地西部的两次大暴雨过程,重点分析地形对低层流场的调整作用,结果表明:两次过程都是在副高西侧的低值系统影响下发生的,过程发生前期盆地西部处于高能高湿和及其不稳定的情况下,系统影响时有冷空气配合,&quo...通过对比分析2013年7月四川盆地西部的两次大暴雨过程,重点分析地形对低层流场的调整作用,结果表明:两次过程都是在副高西侧的低值系统影响下发生的,过程发生前期盆地西部处于高能高湿和及其不稳定的情况下,系统影响时有冷空气配合,"7.3"日的冷空气势力强于"7.9"过程,但低层南风弱于"7.9"过程;地形对两次暴雨过程的850 h Pa流场起到调整作用,冷空气影响前东南气流与地形以接近90°的夹角相交,地形的强迫抬升触发对流不稳定能量释放,冷空气入侵后,偏东北气流配合复杂的地形作用,造成龙门山沿线的暴雨;上升速度的大值区域主要位于103.5°E^105.5°E的地形陡峭区域,东南(东北)气流越强上升速度就越大,上升速度的大值区主要位于700 h Pa。展开更多
基金Key Project of Joint Meteorological Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2242202)Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42030611)+1 种基金Innovative Development Special Project of China Meteorological Administration (CXFZ2023J016)Innovation Team Fund of Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Service (SCQXCX7D-202201)。
文摘Based on ERA5 reanalysis data,the present study analyzed the thermal energy development mechanism and kinetic energy conversion characteristics of two extreme rainstorm processes in relation to the shallow southwest vortex in the warm-sector during a“rain-generated vortex”process and the deep southwest vortex in a“vortex-generated rain”process.The findings were as follows:(1)During the extreme rainstorm on August 11,2020(hereinafter referred to as the“8·11”process),intense surface heating and a high-energy unstable environment were observed.The mesoscale convergence system triggered convection to produce heavy rainfall,and the release of latent condensation heat generated by the rainfall promoted the formation of a southwest vortex.The significant increase(decrease)in atmospheric diabatic heating and kinetic energy preceded the increase(decrease)in vorticity.By contrast,the extreme rainstorm on August 16,2020(hereinafter referred to as the“8·16”process)involved the generation of southwest vortex in a low-energy and highhumidity environment.The dynamic uplift of the southwest vortex triggered rainfall,and the release of condensation latent heat from rainfall further strengthened the development of the southwest vortex.The significant increase(decrease)in atmospheric diabatic heating and kinetic energy exhibited a delayed progression compared to the increase(decrease)in vorticity.(2)The heating effect around the southwest vortex region was non-uniform,and the heating intensity varied in different stages.In the“8·11”process,the heating effect was the strongest in the initial stage,but weakened during the vortex's development.On the contrary,the heating effect was initially weak in the“8·16”process,and intensified during the development stage.(3)The available potential energy of the“8·11”process significantly increased in kinetic energy converted from rotational and divergent winds through baroclinic action,and the divergent wind energy continued to convert into rotational wind energy.By contrast,the“8·16”process involved the conversion of rotational wind energy into divergent wind energy,which in turn converted kinetic energy back into available potential energy,thereby impeding the further development and maintenance of the southwest vortex.
基金Supported by Sichuan Meteorology Subject Fund(2010-Youth-02)~~
文摘The rainstorm weather from July 15,2010 to July 18,2010 is researched by diagnosis analysis method.The results suggest that in the strong and lasting period,the upward air current in the basin is prevail and is above 300 hPa.The convergence layer during strong rainstorm period is not thick.The convergence movement of air current is under 500 hPa.In this rainstorm process,the positive vortex maximum value center of the lower layer of convection layer is perfectly corresponding to rainstorm zone.The air current convergence and divergence intensity is one magnitude larger than the turning intensity.Flux plays a leading role in the system changes process;the non-equilibrium value of the low layer of convection layer during the strong rainstorm period U<0.Strong non-equilibrium is favorable for the movement of convergence.The non-equilibrium value of the high layer of convection layer U>0,and it stimulates the divergence movement of high layer.The divergence of high layer pushes the convergence of the lower layer and thus forms strong upward movement.
文摘通过对比分析2013年7月四川盆地西部的两次大暴雨过程,重点分析地形对低层流场的调整作用,结果表明:两次过程都是在副高西侧的低值系统影响下发生的,过程发生前期盆地西部处于高能高湿和及其不稳定的情况下,系统影响时有冷空气配合,"7.3"日的冷空气势力强于"7.9"过程,但低层南风弱于"7.9"过程;地形对两次暴雨过程的850 h Pa流场起到调整作用,冷空气影响前东南气流与地形以接近90°的夹角相交,地形的强迫抬升触发对流不稳定能量释放,冷空气入侵后,偏东北气流配合复杂的地形作用,造成龙门山沿线的暴雨;上升速度的大值区域主要位于103.5°E^105.5°E的地形陡峭区域,东南(东北)气流越强上升速度就越大,上升速度的大值区主要位于700 h Pa。
