The epidemiological associations between the prenatal perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)exposure and the reproductive outcomes remain controversial.A continuous evaluation is needed to combine the inconsistent results.I...The epidemiological associations between the prenatal perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)exposure and the reproductive outcomes remain controversial.A continuous evaluation is needed to combine the inconsistent results.In this study,we explored the associations between PFASs exposure and the low birth weight(LBW),preterm birth and small for gestational age(SGA).The quality of selected literature,quantitative estimates,publication bias and subgroup analysis were performed on the basis of 17 retrieved articles published before December 2020.The results showed a significant positive association between the perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)exposure and the risk of LBW[Odds ratio(OR)=1.17;95%confidence interval(CI):1.01,1.36;heterogeneity:P=0.30,I2=17%].The positive association was also observed between the PFOS and the risk of preterm birth(OR=1.19;95%CI:1.01,1.39,P=0.007;I2=62%).There was a paucity of evidence regarding the negative effects of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorohexanesulfonic acid(PFHxS)and perfluorononanoic acid(PFNA)on the pregnancy outcomes.The findings from the subgroup analysis(the sampling period,the birth gender and biologic specimens)did not substantially altered the results of the overall pooled estimate ORs.The increased prevalence of negative birth outcomes with gestational PFASs exposure warrants further explorations from biological process perspective.展开更多
目的:探讨基于目标导向性训练(goal directed training,GDT)对重度脑性瘫痪儿童运动功能的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法:采用前瞻性病例对照研究,纳入重度脑性瘫痪儿童80例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组40例,研究组采用...目的:探讨基于目标导向性训练(goal directed training,GDT)对重度脑性瘫痪儿童运动功能的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法:采用前瞻性病例对照研究,纳入重度脑性瘫痪儿童80例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组40例,研究组采用目标导向性运动训练,对照组采用神经发育学疗法(neurodevelopment therapy,NDT)。治疗前及治疗6个月、12个月时对两组患儿进行粗大运动功能量表88项(gross motor function measure,GMFM-88)中的仰卧位与俯卧位(A区)、坐位(B区),精细功能评估(fine motor function measure,FMFM)中视觉追踪(A区)、上肢关节活动能力(B区)、坐位分级测试(level of sitting scale,LSS)和日常生活能力(activity daily living scale,ADL)评估。结果:治疗6个月后,研究组与对照组在GMFM-88中A区与B区评分、LSS评分、FMFM中A区与B区评分及ADL评分的差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);治疗12个月后,研究组的各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。随治疗时间延长,两组各项评分均升高。组别、时间及时间与组别的交互效应对GMFM-A、GMFM-B、LSS及FMFM-B评分有显著影响(P<0.05),时间和时间与组别的交互效应对FMFM-A评分和ADL评分有显著影响(P<0.05)。结论:基于目标导向性训练可以提高重度脑性瘫痪儿童的粗大运动功能、坐位能力及精细运动功能,改善重度脑性瘫痪儿童的日常生活活动能力。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22006010)Shanghai Sailing Program,China(No.19YF1400500)。
文摘The epidemiological associations between the prenatal perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)exposure and the reproductive outcomes remain controversial.A continuous evaluation is needed to combine the inconsistent results.In this study,we explored the associations between PFASs exposure and the low birth weight(LBW),preterm birth and small for gestational age(SGA).The quality of selected literature,quantitative estimates,publication bias and subgroup analysis were performed on the basis of 17 retrieved articles published before December 2020.The results showed a significant positive association between the perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)exposure and the risk of LBW[Odds ratio(OR)=1.17;95%confidence interval(CI):1.01,1.36;heterogeneity:P=0.30,I2=17%].The positive association was also observed between the PFOS and the risk of preterm birth(OR=1.19;95%CI:1.01,1.39,P=0.007;I2=62%).There was a paucity of evidence regarding the negative effects of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorohexanesulfonic acid(PFHxS)and perfluorononanoic acid(PFNA)on the pregnancy outcomes.The findings from the subgroup analysis(the sampling period,the birth gender and biologic specimens)did not substantially altered the results of the overall pooled estimate ORs.The increased prevalence of negative birth outcomes with gestational PFASs exposure warrants further explorations from biological process perspective.
文摘目的:探讨基于目标导向性训练(goal directed training,GDT)对重度脑性瘫痪儿童运动功能的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法:采用前瞻性病例对照研究,纳入重度脑性瘫痪儿童80例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组40例,研究组采用目标导向性运动训练,对照组采用神经发育学疗法(neurodevelopment therapy,NDT)。治疗前及治疗6个月、12个月时对两组患儿进行粗大运动功能量表88项(gross motor function measure,GMFM-88)中的仰卧位与俯卧位(A区)、坐位(B区),精细功能评估(fine motor function measure,FMFM)中视觉追踪(A区)、上肢关节活动能力(B区)、坐位分级测试(level of sitting scale,LSS)和日常生活能力(activity daily living scale,ADL)评估。结果:治疗6个月后,研究组与对照组在GMFM-88中A区与B区评分、LSS评分、FMFM中A区与B区评分及ADL评分的差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);治疗12个月后,研究组的各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。随治疗时间延长,两组各项评分均升高。组别、时间及时间与组别的交互效应对GMFM-A、GMFM-B、LSS及FMFM-B评分有显著影响(P<0.05),时间和时间与组别的交互效应对FMFM-A评分和ADL评分有显著影响(P<0.05)。结论:基于目标导向性训练可以提高重度脑性瘫痪儿童的粗大运动功能、坐位能力及精细运动功能,改善重度脑性瘫痪儿童的日常生活活动能力。
